Molecular design of the photosystem II light
... concentration quenching (Beddard and Porter, 1976). This occurs via close chlorophyll–chlorophyll interactions, dimers or excimers. Clearly the apoprotein provides a specific ‘solvent’, an environment that allows a high chlorophyll concentration without the probability of quenching by such associati ...
... concentration quenching (Beddard and Porter, 1976). This occurs via close chlorophyll–chlorophyll interactions, dimers or excimers. Clearly the apoprotein provides a specific ‘solvent’, an environment that allows a high chlorophyll concentration without the probability of quenching by such associati ...
embor2011116-sup-0001
... a lattice where each node represent the relative propensity score and predicted strands appear as triangular signals. In addition, the most likely -strand pairs are depicted in a scatter plot. ...
... a lattice where each node represent the relative propensity score and predicted strands appear as triangular signals. In addition, the most likely -strand pairs are depicted in a scatter plot. ...
Looking for a strong promoter for Physcomitrella
... and treatments. Of further interest are cell or tissue specific promoters that can be used for targeted gene expression. With expression data available for an increasing number of treatments it is possible to select suitable candidates based on such data. To test promoter strengths, the protoplasts ...
... and treatments. Of further interest are cell or tissue specific promoters that can be used for targeted gene expression. With expression data available for an increasing number of treatments it is possible to select suitable candidates based on such data. To test promoter strengths, the protoplasts ...
REAL-TIME PCR KITS FOR DIAGNOSIS
... Real Time PCR (qPCR) has revolutionized biological and medical sciences by providing quantitative detection of specific nucleic acid sequences. Today, Real Time PCR is one of the primary choices of the clinicians and laboratory professionals for the diagnosis of the pathological diseases. Efficient ...
... Real Time PCR (qPCR) has revolutionized biological and medical sciences by providing quantitative detection of specific nucleic acid sequences. Today, Real Time PCR is one of the primary choices of the clinicians and laboratory professionals for the diagnosis of the pathological diseases. Efficient ...
Evolution of hard proteins in the sauropsid integument in relation to
... 95% sequence identity with known reptilian and avian proteins. The core-box determines the polymerization of these proteins into filaments indicated as beta-keratin filaments. The nucleotide and derived amino acid sequences for these sauropsid keratin-associated proteins are presented in conjunction ...
... 95% sequence identity with known reptilian and avian proteins. The core-box determines the polymerization of these proteins into filaments indicated as beta-keratin filaments. The nucleotide and derived amino acid sequences for these sauropsid keratin-associated proteins are presented in conjunction ...
NOVEL APPROACHES FOR COLON SPECIFIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM-A REVIEW Review Article
... pH (7-7.5), has been developed recently. The inter and intra-subject variability in gastro-intestinal pH and possibly certain other intrinsic variable such as electrolyte concentration and transit time will therefore impact on the in vivo behavior of pH-responsive system, ranging from early drug rel ...
... pH (7-7.5), has been developed recently. The inter and intra-subject variability in gastro-intestinal pH and possibly certain other intrinsic variable such as electrolyte concentration and transit time will therefore impact on the in vivo behavior of pH-responsive system, ranging from early drug rel ...
types of gel - WordPress.com
... Agarose gels are typically used to visualize fragments of DNA. The concentration of agarose used to make the gel depends on the size of the DNA fragments you are working with. The higher the agarose concentration, the denser the matrix and vice versa. To make a gel, agarose powder is mixed with an e ...
... Agarose gels are typically used to visualize fragments of DNA. The concentration of agarose used to make the gel depends on the size of the DNA fragments you are working with. The higher the agarose concentration, the denser the matrix and vice versa. To make a gel, agarose powder is mixed with an e ...
III BSC BT - 609 A -core- Animal Biotechnology
... 16. In gene therapy, the abnormal gene could be repaired through selective ___________, that returns the gene to its normal function. A. alteration. B. reverse mutation. C. removal. D. retrival. ANSWER: B 17. Restriction enzymes can be used to _____________ . A. join up bits of dna. B. inhibit the ...
... 16. In gene therapy, the abnormal gene could be repaired through selective ___________, that returns the gene to its normal function. A. alteration. B. reverse mutation. C. removal. D. retrival. ANSWER: B 17. Restriction enzymes can be used to _____________ . A. join up bits of dna. B. inhibit the ...
IGF-1 LR3 - Anabolen
... responsible for the natural muscle growth that occurs during these few years. There are many different things that IGF-1 does in the human body. Among the effects the most positive are: • increased amino acid transport to cells • increased glucose transport • increased protein synthesis • decrea ...
... responsible for the natural muscle growth that occurs during these few years. There are many different things that IGF-1 does in the human body. Among the effects the most positive are: • increased amino acid transport to cells • increased glucose transport • increased protein synthesis • decrea ...
MOD ODN - rci.rutgers.edu
... (PEI), as the delivery agent and the green fluorescent (GFP) gene as an easily quantified model target. Fluorescence measurements indicate the level of downregulation of GFP, which in turn is dependent on the mechanism of complex formation and dissociation that we have assessed with biophysical meas ...
... (PEI), as the delivery agent and the green fluorescent (GFP) gene as an easily quantified model target. Fluorescence measurements indicate the level of downregulation of GFP, which in turn is dependent on the mechanism of complex formation and dissociation that we have assessed with biophysical meas ...
Analyzing Amino-Acid Sequences to Determine Evolutionary
... divergingfrom a common ancestor,the greaterthe differencesthat can be expectedin the amino-acid sequencesof their proteins. Twoproteins are commonly studied in attempting to deduce evolutionaryrelationships from differencesin amino-acid sequences.One is cytochromec, and the other ishemoglobin. Cytoc ...
... divergingfrom a common ancestor,the greaterthe differencesthat can be expectedin the amino-acid sequencesof their proteins. Twoproteins are commonly studied in attempting to deduce evolutionaryrelationships from differencesin amino-acid sequences.One is cytochromec, and the other ishemoglobin. Cytoc ...
AP Biology
... loss and rearrangement Describe how gene expression is controlled via chromatin modifications, transcription initiation and posttranscriptional mechanisms Describe how genetic changes can result in cancer Explain how DNA technology allows for gene cloning Describe the use of restriction enzymes Expl ...
... loss and rearrangement Describe how gene expression is controlled via chromatin modifications, transcription initiation and posttranscriptional mechanisms Describe how genetic changes can result in cancer Explain how DNA technology allows for gene cloning Describe the use of restriction enzymes Expl ...
Use of a Sec signal peptide library from Bacillus subtilis for the
... machinery. For example, >150 Sec-specific SPs have been identified for Bacillus subtilis alone. As the best SP for a target protein of choice cannot be predicted a priori, screening of homologous SPs has been shown to be a powerful tool for different expression organisms. While SP libraries between ...
... machinery. For example, >150 Sec-specific SPs have been identified for Bacillus subtilis alone. As the best SP for a target protein of choice cannot be predicted a priori, screening of homologous SPs has been shown to be a powerful tool for different expression organisms. While SP libraries between ...
University of Groningen Cross-linking of dimeric CitS and GltS
... monomers in the dimeric structure was studied by site-specific tagging of the monomers with the 10 kDa Biotin Acceptor Domain (BAD) of the oxaloacetate decarboxylase of Klebsiella pneumoniae (Bott 1997) followed by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. The approach takes advantage of the observation tha ...
... monomers in the dimeric structure was studied by site-specific tagging of the monomers with the 10 kDa Biotin Acceptor Domain (BAD) of the oxaloacetate decarboxylase of Klebsiella pneumoniae (Bott 1997) followed by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. The approach takes advantage of the observation tha ...
Gene Section NOTCH2 (Notch homolog 2 (Drosophila)) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... furin-like convertase in the trans-golgi network before it reaches the plasma membrane to yield an active form. Cleavage results in a C-terminal fragment and a Nterminal fragment, linked by disulfide bridges. Following ligand binding, it is first cleaved by ADAM17 metallopeptidase to yield a membran ...
... furin-like convertase in the trans-golgi network before it reaches the plasma membrane to yield an active form. Cleavage results in a C-terminal fragment and a Nterminal fragment, linked by disulfide bridges. Following ligand binding, it is first cleaved by ADAM17 metallopeptidase to yield a membran ...
Affinity Chromatography
... available ‘beaded’ matrix of agarose, Sepharose, which displayed virtually all of the desirable features listed above (13) and circumvented many of the issues associated with conventional cellulosic matrices available at that time. Agarose is a linear polysaccharide consisting of alternating 1,3-lin ...
... available ‘beaded’ matrix of agarose, Sepharose, which displayed virtually all of the desirable features listed above (13) and circumvented many of the issues associated with conventional cellulosic matrices available at that time. Agarose is a linear polysaccharide consisting of alternating 1,3-lin ...
Our detailed procedure to develop recombinant antibodies
... antibodies (Haque and Tonks, 2012; Nizak et al., 2003). This technology also allows the production of human antibodies, which can be used for therapeutic purposes (Ahmad et al., 2012). However, to date, recombinant antibodies are seldom used in academic research laboratories, and most antibodies des ...
... antibodies (Haque and Tonks, 2012; Nizak et al., 2003). This technology also allows the production of human antibodies, which can be used for therapeutic purposes (Ahmad et al., 2012). However, to date, recombinant antibodies are seldom used in academic research laboratories, and most antibodies des ...
the function and synthesis of ribosomes
... aminoacyl-tRNA, promoting its attack on the peptidyltRNA, and then donating the proton back to stabilize the leaving group after peptidyl transfer. This is ACID–BASE CATALYSIS, and the principles involved are well known from protein enzymes. For this trick to work at physiological pH, A2451 requires ...
... aminoacyl-tRNA, promoting its attack on the peptidyltRNA, and then donating the proton back to stabilize the leaving group after peptidyl transfer. This is ACID–BASE CATALYSIS, and the principles involved are well known from protein enzymes. For this trick to work at physiological pH, A2451 requires ...
Metabolism Drug Resistance
... the actin cytoskeleton, and alterations in PI3K signaling occur frequently in epithelial cancers. However, the coordination of these two processes by PI3K is not fully understood. Hu and colleagues found that PI3K inhibitors resulted in decreased glycolytic capacity in mammary epithelial cells, wher ...
... the actin cytoskeleton, and alterations in PI3K signaling occur frequently in epithelial cancers. However, the coordination of these two processes by PI3K is not fully understood. Hu and colleagues found that PI3K inhibitors resulted in decreased glycolytic capacity in mammary epithelial cells, wher ...
acid-base balance review notes
... The acid is more correctly carbonic acid (H2CO3) but the term ‘respiratory acid’ is usually used to mean carbon dioxide. But CO2 itself is not an acid in the Brønsted-Lowry system as it does not contain a hydrogen so cannot be a proton donor. However CO2 can instead be thought of as representing a p ...
... The acid is more correctly carbonic acid (H2CO3) but the term ‘respiratory acid’ is usually used to mean carbon dioxide. But CO2 itself is not an acid in the Brønsted-Lowry system as it does not contain a hydrogen so cannot be a proton donor. However CO2 can instead be thought of as representing a p ...
substrate specificities of octopine dehydrogenases
... recognition of the amino acid substrate. The enzymes do show a preference for chain length of the amino acid; for C. parasitica L-homoarginine gave the highest enzyme activity while L-ornithine gave the lowest activity. In the oxidative direction, C. parasitica ODH utilized both D-octopine and D-lys ...
... recognition of the amino acid substrate. The enzymes do show a preference for chain length of the amino acid; for C. parasitica L-homoarginine gave the highest enzyme activity while L-ornithine gave the lowest activity. In the oxidative direction, C. parasitica ODH utilized both D-octopine and D-lys ...
Cell-Free Protein Expression Systems
... expression systems originate from rabbit reticulocytes, wheat germ and E. coli. There are two types of cell-free expression systems: Translation Systems and Coupled Translation and Transcription (TNT®) Systems (Figure 3.1). Both types of systems provide the macromolecular components required for tra ...
... expression systems originate from rabbit reticulocytes, wheat germ and E. coli. There are two types of cell-free expression systems: Translation Systems and Coupled Translation and Transcription (TNT®) Systems (Figure 3.1). Both types of systems provide the macromolecular components required for tra ...
Facilitated transport of small molecules and ions for energy
... membrane via conformational variation. The specificity of facilitated diffusion arises from the ingenious integration of multiple types of interactions between carrier protein and the target permeant, e.g. electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bond interactions, hydrophobic interactions, cation–p inte ...
... membrane via conformational variation. The specificity of facilitated diffusion arises from the ingenious integration of multiple types of interactions between carrier protein and the target permeant, e.g. electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bond interactions, hydrophobic interactions, cation–p inte ...
Cell-penetrating peptide
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides that facilitate cellular uptake of various molecular cargo (from nanosize particles to small chemical molecules and large fragments of DNA). The ""cargo"" is associated with the peptides either through chemical linkage via covalent bonds or through non-covalent interactions. The function of the CPPs are to deliver the cargo into cells, a process that commonly occurs through endocytosis with the cargo delivered to the endosomes of living mammalian cells.CPPs hold great potential as in vitro and in vivo delivery vectors for use in research and medicine. Current use is limited by a lack of cell specificity in CPP-mediated cargo delivery and insufficient understanding of the modes of their uptake.CPPs typically have an amino acid composition that either contains a high relative abundance of positively charged amino acids such as lysine or arginine or has sequences that contain an alternating pattern of polar/charged amino acids and non-polar, hydrophobic amino acids. These two types of structures are referred to as polycationic or amphipathic, respectively. A third class of CPPs are the hydrophobic peptides, containing only apolar residues, with low net chargeor have hydrophobic amino acid groups that are crucial for cellular uptake.The first CPP was discovered independently by two laboratories in 1988, when it was found that the trans-activating transcriptional activator (TAT) from human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) could be efficiently taken up from the surrounding media by numerous cell types in culture. Since then, the number of known CPPs has expanded considerably and small molecule synthetic analogues with more effective protein transduction properties have been generated.