Development of Multicellular Organisms
... pattern of spectacular complexity and precision. Ultimately, the genome determines the pattern, and the puzzle of developmental biology is to understand how it does so. The genome is normally identical in every cell; the cells differ not because they contain different genetic information, but becaus ...
... pattern of spectacular complexity and precision. Ultimately, the genome determines the pattern, and the puzzle of developmental biology is to understand how it does so. The genome is normally identical in every cell; the cells differ not because they contain different genetic information, but becaus ...
The Fine Structure of Slow-Wave Sleep Oscillations: from Single
... for the genesis of oscillations by thalamic circuits have been proposed and tested by models (reviewed in Destexhe and Sejnowski 2001, 2003). These involve reciprocal synaptic interactions between TC neurons and local inhibitory interneurons, loops between TC and RE neurons, or loops within the RE n ...
... for the genesis of oscillations by thalamic circuits have been proposed and tested by models (reviewed in Destexhe and Sejnowski 2001, 2003). These involve reciprocal synaptic interactions between TC neurons and local inhibitory interneurons, loops between TC and RE neurons, or loops within the RE n ...
Horizontal Synaptic Connections in Monkey Prefrontal Cortex: An In
... projections were well preserved in PFC slices cut in the coronal plane. Postsynaptic currents were evoked by low-intensity electrical extracellular stimulation applied successively to 20–30 discrete sites located up to 2200 µm lateral to the recorded cell. Several criteria were applied to discrimina ...
... projections were well preserved in PFC slices cut in the coronal plane. Postsynaptic currents were evoked by low-intensity electrical extracellular stimulation applied successively to 20–30 discrete sites located up to 2200 µm lateral to the recorded cell. Several criteria were applied to discrimina ...
Segundo trabajo
... treated with LY294002 (25 µM) alone basal levels of phospho-Akt decreased but phospho-p42/p44 was unaffected (Fig. 2B), showing that this inhibitor selectively blocks PI3-K activation. Abrogation of PI3-K by pretreatment of cells with LY294002 (25 µM) did not modify GDNF-induced phosphorylation of p ...
... treated with LY294002 (25 µM) alone basal levels of phospho-Akt decreased but phospho-p42/p44 was unaffected (Fig. 2B), showing that this inhibitor selectively blocks PI3-K activation. Abrogation of PI3-K by pretreatment of cells with LY294002 (25 µM) did not modify GDNF-induced phosphorylation of p ...
Periosteum - Maryville University
... suspended within the CSF, it cushions the CNS and protects it from traumatic injury. • Nutrition. The CSF contains sugars and other elements that are used by central nervous system cells, specifically neurons and glial cells. • Waste disposal. The CSF removes waste products produced by the metabolis ...
... suspended within the CSF, it cushions the CNS and protects it from traumatic injury. • Nutrition. The CSF contains sugars and other elements that are used by central nervous system cells, specifically neurons and glial cells. • Waste disposal. The CSF removes waste products produced by the metabolis ...
gaba-mediated inhibition correlates with orientation selectivity in
... for how synaptic circuitry of the cortex performs a complex computation (Ferster and Miller, 2000). The role of inhibition in establishing sharp orientation selectivity is still debated. Several studies suggested that inhibition has no effect on sharpening orientation selectivity: neurons retain the ...
... for how synaptic circuitry of the cortex performs a complex computation (Ferster and Miller, 2000). The role of inhibition in establishing sharp orientation selectivity is still debated. Several studies suggested that inhibition has no effect on sharpening orientation selectivity: neurons retain the ...
NSS214 - National Open University of Nigeria
... mid brain and some portion of the hindbrain. The CNS that began as a hollow tube remains hollow even as the regions are formed. The hollow parts divide into cavities called ventricles in the brain. These become filled with cerebrospinal fluid. These cavities are connected to themselves and are conti ...
... mid brain and some portion of the hindbrain. The CNS that began as a hollow tube remains hollow even as the regions are formed. The hollow parts divide into cavities called ventricles in the brain. These become filled with cerebrospinal fluid. These cavities are connected to themselves and are conti ...
Firing characteristics of deep layer neurons in prefrontal cortex in
... therefore compared using an ANOVA. Because comparison of firing rates on the entire arm may be a somewhat stringent test for working memory, firing rates were also calculated just for the period between entering an arm and reaching the goal on the first versus the last arm choice. Finally the animal ...
... therefore compared using an ANOVA. Because comparison of firing rates on the entire arm may be a somewhat stringent test for working memory, firing rates were also calculated just for the period between entering an arm and reaching the goal on the first versus the last arm choice. Finally the animal ...
Corollary Discharge Inhibition and Preservation of Temporal
... has not yet been examined at the intracellular site where it occurs and its cellular mechanisms have, therefore, not been explored. Such examination of the inhibition with intracellular recordings from NELL cells was one major goal of the present study. The higher knollenorgan centers are probably r ...
... has not yet been examined at the intracellular site where it occurs and its cellular mechanisms have, therefore, not been explored. Such examination of the inhibition with intracellular recordings from NELL cells was one major goal of the present study. The higher knollenorgan centers are probably r ...
Full Text
... layer thickness measured by optical coherence tomography is reduced and corresponding shrinkage of the optic tract can be demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging. The time course of the degeneration in humans is, however, unknown. In the present study, we have used optical coherence tomography to ...
... layer thickness measured by optical coherence tomography is reduced and corresponding shrinkage of the optic tract can be demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging. The time course of the degeneration in humans is, however, unknown. In the present study, we have used optical coherence tomography to ...
Functional characterization of the synaptic
... Epilepsy is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting almost 1 % of the population all over the world (Elger 2002; Fisher et al. 2005). Neurodevelopmental disorders comprise diseases that develop early in brain or as a consequence of head trauma, a tumor or an infection in the adult brain and span thr ...
... Epilepsy is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting almost 1 % of the population all over the world (Elger 2002; Fisher et al. 2005). Neurodevelopmental disorders comprise diseases that develop early in brain or as a consequence of head trauma, a tumor or an infection in the adult brain and span thr ...
Molecular Pathways of Endoplasmic Reticulum
... results also suggest that besides the acute RO(N)S effects, reactive species can trigger the process of delayed neuronal death even after apparent metabolic recovery (Dalton et al. 1999). Thus, it is not surprising that massive antioxidant treatment has a remarkable neuroprotective effect (Hicks et ...
... results also suggest that besides the acute RO(N)S effects, reactive species can trigger the process of delayed neuronal death even after apparent metabolic recovery (Dalton et al. 1999). Thus, it is not surprising that massive antioxidant treatment has a remarkable neuroprotective effect (Hicks et ...
Expression of the Emx-1 and Dlx-1 homeobox genes define three
... pallium, a subpallial formation called the dorsal ventricular ridge (DVR), which bulges into the lateral ventricle and a ...
... pallium, a subpallial formation called the dorsal ventricular ridge (DVR), which bulges into the lateral ventricle and a ...
Alan Peters
... mathematically oriented, and for them the emphasis was on mathematics, physics, chemistry, German, and Latin. The third group, the one to which I was assigned, was the "B form." We were considered not bright enough to understand advanced mathematics and physics, so our emphasis was on biology, chemi ...
... mathematically oriented, and for them the emphasis was on mathematics, physics, chemistry, German, and Latin. The third group, the one to which I was assigned, was the "B form." We were considered not bright enough to understand advanced mathematics and physics, so our emphasis was on biology, chemi ...
A scientific theory of ars memoriae: spatial view cells in a continuous
... the cerebral cortex to be formed. These might involve associations between information originating in the temporal visual cortex about the presence of an object, and information originating in the parietal cortex about where it is. I note that although there is some spatial gradient in the CA3 recur ...
... the cerebral cortex to be formed. These might involve associations between information originating in the temporal visual cortex about the presence of an object, and information originating in the parietal cortex about where it is. I note that although there is some spatial gradient in the CA3 recur ...
Acidic and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factors in the Nervous System
... recombinant bFGF (a gift from Dr. J. Abraham, California Biotechnology) was tested using a serum-free 3H-thymidine incorporation assay as previously described (Shipley, 1986). Briefly, AKR-2B cells were transferred at a density of 10,000 cells per well into 24-well culture plates in McCoy’s 5A mediu ...
... recombinant bFGF (a gift from Dr. J. Abraham, California Biotechnology) was tested using a serum-free 3H-thymidine incorporation assay as previously described (Shipley, 1986). Briefly, AKR-2B cells were transferred at a density of 10,000 cells per well into 24-well culture plates in McCoy’s 5A mediu ...
- D-Scholarship@Pitt
... transported tracers into the SC in order to label neurons in cortex.14–18 Studies based on injections in the SC allow the magnitudes and visuotopic pattern of projections of different cortical areas to be directly compared, as corticotectal neurons in a number of areas are labeled by each injection ...
... transported tracers into the SC in order to label neurons in cortex.14–18 Studies based on injections in the SC allow the magnitudes and visuotopic pattern of projections of different cortical areas to be directly compared, as corticotectal neurons in a number of areas are labeled by each injection ...
PDF
... outside of the normal trigeminal area. ‘Severe’ defects were displayed by ganglia in which trigeminal neurons were widely dispersed and failed to assume the normal bilobed morphology (Fig. 2B). The results showed that depleting N-cadherin in the trigeminal placodal ectoderm and derived neurons leads ...
... outside of the normal trigeminal area. ‘Severe’ defects were displayed by ganglia in which trigeminal neurons were widely dispersed and failed to assume the normal bilobed morphology (Fig. 2B). The results showed that depleting N-cadherin in the trigeminal placodal ectoderm and derived neurons leads ...
A STUDY OF PRO- AND ANTI-NOCICEPTIVE FACTORS IN A MODEL... ASSOCIATED VISCERAL PAIN by Jessica Rose Benson
... acute colitis. However, five weeks later SP immunoreactivity was increased both in the dorsal horn (4 fold; P < 0.01) and central canal (P < 0.001). In the cervical spinal cord, SP immunoreactivity was not increased following colitis, suggesting that changes seen in the thoracic level were specific ...
... acute colitis. However, five weeks later SP immunoreactivity was increased both in the dorsal horn (4 fold; P < 0.01) and central canal (P < 0.001). In the cervical spinal cord, SP immunoreactivity was not increased following colitis, suggesting that changes seen in the thoracic level were specific ...
Number and Laminar Distribution of Neurons in a
... contained in the slice (judged by either a successive increase and a decrease of the cross section size or by a constant cross section size ...
... contained in the slice (judged by either a successive increase and a decrease of the cross section size or by a constant cross section size ...
Weber et al. - 2000
... Figure 2 shows examples of the cellular organization of the normal primate LGN (Fig. 2A) and after different periods of elevated IOP (Figs, 2B, 2C, 2D). The sections are presented in the coronal plane, with the nasal region of the nucleus to the left. The two ventral layers (Fig. 2A, layers 1, 2) ar ...
... Figure 2 shows examples of the cellular organization of the normal primate LGN (Fig. 2A) and after different periods of elevated IOP (Figs, 2B, 2C, 2D). The sections are presented in the coronal plane, with the nasal region of the nucleus to the left. The two ventral layers (Fig. 2A, layers 1, 2) ar ...
Subventricular zone
The subventricular zone (SVZ) is a paired brain structure situated throughout the lateral walls of the lateral ventricles. It is composed of four distinct layers of variable thickness and cell density, as well as cellular composition. Along with the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, the SVZ is one of two places where neurogenesis has been found to occur in the adult mammalian brain.