File
... Concept 5.1 Most macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers. Three of the four classes of macromolecules—carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids—form chain-like molecules called polymers. ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by cova ...
... Concept 5.1 Most macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers. Three of the four classes of macromolecules—carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids—form chain-like molecules called polymers. ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by cova ...
Lecture outline handouts
... Concept 5.1 Most macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers. • Three of the four classes of macromolecules—carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids—form chain-like molecules called polymers. ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by cova ...
... Concept 5.1 Most macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers. • Three of the four classes of macromolecules—carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids—form chain-like molecules called polymers. ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by cova ...
Class Notes
... Concept 5.1 Most macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers. Three of the four classes of macromolecules—carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids—form chain-like molecules called polymers. ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by cova ...
... Concept 5.1 Most macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers. Three of the four classes of macromolecules—carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids—form chain-like molecules called polymers. ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by cova ...
cloning vectors
... Cosmids are plasmids containing phage lambda cos ends, they are 4 to 6 kb in size and are specifically designed for cloning of large DNA fragments (up to 45 kb). They have (i) a drug resistance marker (such as the ampicillin resistance gene), (ii) a plasmid origin of replication (ori), (iii) a fragm ...
... Cosmids are plasmids containing phage lambda cos ends, they are 4 to 6 kb in size and are specifically designed for cloning of large DNA fragments (up to 45 kb). They have (i) a drug resistance marker (such as the ampicillin resistance gene), (ii) a plasmid origin of replication (ori), (iii) a fragm ...
Molecular Biology
... Cosmids are plasmids containing phage lambda cos ends, they are 4 to 6 kb in size and are specifically designed for cloning of large DNA fragments (up to 45 kb). They have (i) a drug resistance marker (such as the ampicillin resistance gene), (ii) a plasmid origin of replication (ori), (iii) a fragm ...
... Cosmids are plasmids containing phage lambda cos ends, they are 4 to 6 kb in size and are specifically designed for cloning of large DNA fragments (up to 45 kb). They have (i) a drug resistance marker (such as the ampicillin resistance gene), (ii) a plasmid origin of replication (ori), (iii) a fragm ...
Genome Sequencing Using a Mapping Approach
... Mapping Approach Ultimately through the use of these techniques a high density physical map of sequence polymorphisms can be generated and used as the basis for squencing the genome. ...
... Mapping Approach Ultimately through the use of these techniques a high density physical map of sequence polymorphisms can be generated and used as the basis for squencing the genome. ...
DNA Barcoding of Algae and Bacteria from
... chloroplasts derived from endosymbiotic cyanobacteria. Brown Algae have secondary chloroplasts derived from endosymbiotic red Algae. Most Algae are phototrophic, they consume energy from the sun but other groups that are mixotrophic, they derive their energy from both photosynthesis and uptake of or ...
... chloroplasts derived from endosymbiotic cyanobacteria. Brown Algae have secondary chloroplasts derived from endosymbiotic red Algae. Most Algae are phototrophic, they consume energy from the sun but other groups that are mixotrophic, they derive their energy from both photosynthesis and uptake of or ...
A Molecular Approach to Determine the Origin of Fecal Bacteria in Catoma Synopsis Proposal Title:
... To achieve the project objectives, first of all, experiments were conducted to isolate E. coli from the feces of eight types of warmblooded animals (including humans) in the watershed, obtain a DNA fingerprint of each isolate using the repPCR DNA fingerprinting technique, and construct a host o ...
... To achieve the project objectives, first of all, experiments were conducted to isolate E. coli from the feces of eight types of warmblooded animals (including humans) in the watershed, obtain a DNA fingerprint of each isolate using the repPCR DNA fingerprinting technique, and construct a host o ...
DNA and Protein Production
... What are the steps of protein synthesis (production) for a cytosolic protein and for a protein that will be exported from the cell – starting in the nucleus, know the parts of the cell and their role in protein synthesis and protein modification (including the golgi, ER, etc) Copyright © 2009 Pear ...
... What are the steps of protein synthesis (production) for a cytosolic protein and for a protein that will be exported from the cell – starting in the nucleus, know the parts of the cell and their role in protein synthesis and protein modification (including the golgi, ER, etc) Copyright © 2009 Pear ...
File
... digestive system to cope with it. Proteases are used to produce baby food from cow’s milk. The proteases break down milk proteins into amino acids, diminishing the risk of babies developing milk allergies. Particular proteases are also used for the production of hypoallergenic food . These proteases ...
... digestive system to cope with it. Proteases are used to produce baby food from cow’s milk. The proteases break down milk proteins into amino acids, diminishing the risk of babies developing milk allergies. Particular proteases are also used for the production of hypoallergenic food . These proteases ...
Viruses
... Discoveries into biochemical and molecular properties allowed for viruses to be classified based on: • Type and structure of their nucleic acids • Method of replication • Host range • Other physical and chemical characteristics ...
... Discoveries into biochemical and molecular properties allowed for viruses to be classified based on: • Type and structure of their nucleic acids • Method of replication • Host range • Other physical and chemical characteristics ...
Next-generation DNA sequencing techniques
... new method for DNA sequencing was reported in 1988 [10]. The technique was further developed into a routinely functioning method by the teams of M. Ronaghi, M. Uhlen, and P. Nyren in Stockholm [11], leading to a technique commercialised for the analysis of 96 samples in parallel in a microtiter plat ...
... new method for DNA sequencing was reported in 1988 [10]. The technique was further developed into a routinely functioning method by the teams of M. Ronaghi, M. Uhlen, and P. Nyren in Stockholm [11], leading to a technique commercialised for the analysis of 96 samples in parallel in a microtiter plat ...
Genetics PowerPoint Notes
... DNA: The ____________________________ that carries information about an organism that is passed on from _____________________ to _____________________. Chromosome: A collection of ____________. Human DNA has ____ chromosomes. Genes: A segments of your DNA on a _________________ that code for specifi ...
... DNA: The ____________________________ that carries information about an organism that is passed on from _____________________ to _____________________. Chromosome: A collection of ____________. Human DNA has ____ chromosomes. Genes: A segments of your DNA on a _________________ that code for specifi ...
Integrated genomic DNA/RNA profiling of
... library construction and hybrid selection on independent plates. DNA and RNA samples from the same patient then converge in an analysis pipeline using the plate names and shared specimen ID. Detailed protocols for DNA and RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, library construction, and hybrid selection are ...
... library construction and hybrid selection on independent plates. DNA and RNA samples from the same patient then converge in an analysis pipeline using the plate names and shared specimen ID. Detailed protocols for DNA and RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, library construction, and hybrid selection are ...
Plasmids - canesbio
... Studying the Expression of Single Genes Changes in the expression of a gene during embryonic development can be tested using Northern blotting Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction ...
... Studying the Expression of Single Genes Changes in the expression of a gene during embryonic development can be tested using Northern blotting Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction ...
Bacterial culture Microbiological cultures can be grown in petri
... 1. During lag phase, bacteria adapt themselves to growth conditions. It is the period where the individual bacteria are maturing and not yet able to divide. During the lag phase of the bacterial growth cycle, synthesis of RNA, enzymes and other molecules occurs. 2. Exponential phase (sometimes calle ...
... 1. During lag phase, bacteria adapt themselves to growth conditions. It is the period where the individual bacteria are maturing and not yet able to divide. During the lag phase of the bacterial growth cycle, synthesis of RNA, enzymes and other molecules occurs. 2. Exponential phase (sometimes calle ...
Genetic engineering of human FSH (Gonal
... tein has a three-dimensional (3D) structure that is pivotal for its function and interaction with receptor/substrate. A single alteration (mutation) in the amino acids sequence can render the protein inactive. In order for many of the proteins to be able to carry out their functions correctly, they ...
... tein has a three-dimensional (3D) structure that is pivotal for its function and interaction with receptor/substrate. A single alteration (mutation) in the amino acids sequence can render the protein inactive. In order for many of the proteins to be able to carry out their functions correctly, they ...
CHAPTER 27
... the population. In contrast, changes in the amino acid sequence may alter the structure and function of the polypeptide. Most random mutations that affect the polypeptide sequence are more likely to be detrimental than beneficial, and detrimental mutations will be eliminated by natural selection. Th ...
... the population. In contrast, changes in the amino acid sequence may alter the structure and function of the polypeptide. Most random mutations that affect the polypeptide sequence are more likely to be detrimental than beneficial, and detrimental mutations will be eliminated by natural selection. Th ...
Exam1,2010 - Evolutionary Biology Homepage
... 28. In humans, the male has an X and Y sex chromosome. The human female has two X chromosomes. In birds, the female has a Z and a W sex chromosome while the male has two Z chromosomes. Which of the following statements is accurate about which parent controls the gender of the offspring? (A) In human ...
... 28. In humans, the male has an X and Y sex chromosome. The human female has two X chromosomes. In birds, the female has a Z and a W sex chromosome while the male has two Z chromosomes. Which of the following statements is accurate about which parent controls the gender of the offspring? (A) In human ...
y syste m dreul io
... Proteins that speed up chemical reactions e.g. digestion. Which FACTORS affects enzymes ? Temperature and pH ...
... Proteins that speed up chemical reactions e.g. digestion. Which FACTORS affects enzymes ? Temperature and pH ...
Mutations
... Insertions and deletions are called frameshift mutations because they shift the reading frame. Thus they can change every amino acid from the point of the mutation. Sometimes these mutations will alter a protein so much that it is unable to perform its normal functions. ...
... Insertions and deletions are called frameshift mutations because they shift the reading frame. Thus they can change every amino acid from the point of the mutation. Sometimes these mutations will alter a protein so much that it is unable to perform its normal functions. ...
A simple calorimeter was used as a vessel to measure the heat
... A simple calorimeter was used as a vessel to measure the heat evolved or absorbed during the following reaction: ...
... A simple calorimeter was used as a vessel to measure the heat evolved or absorbed during the following reaction: ...
Deoxyribozyme
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Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of catalyzing specific chemical reactions, similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).However, in contrast to the abundance of protein enzymes in biological systems and the discovery of biological ribozymes in the 1980s,there are no known naturally occurring deoxyribozymes.Deoxyribozymes should not be confused with DNA aptamers which are oligonucleotides that selectively bind a target ligand, but do not catalyze a subsequent chemical reaction.With the exception of ribozymes, nucleic acid molecules within cells primarily serve as storage of genetic information due to its ability to form complementary base pairs, which allows for high-fidelity copying and transfer of genetic information. In contrast, nucleic acid molecules are more limited in their catalytic ability, in comparison to protein enzymes, to just three types of interactions: hydrogen bonding, pi stacking, and metal-ion coordination. This is due to the limited number of functional groups of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built from just four chemically similar nucleobases. In addition, DNA lacks the 2'-hydroxyl group found in RNA which limits the catalytic competency of deoxyribozymes even in comparison to ribozymes.In addition to the inherent inferiority of DNA catalytic activity, the apparent lack of naturally occurring deoxyribozymes may also be due to the primarily double-stranded conformation of DNA in biological systems which would limit its physical flexibility and ability to form tertiary structures, and so would drastically limit the ability of double-stranded DNA to act as a catalyst; though there are a few known instances of biological single-stranded DNA such as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA), certain viral genomes, and the replication fork formed during DNA replication. Further structural differences between DNA and RNA may also play a role in the lack of biological deoxyribozymes, such as the additional methyl group of the DNA base thymidine compared to the RNA base uracil or the tendency of DNA to adopt the B-form helix while RNA tends to adopt the A-form helix. However, it has also been shown that DNA can form structures that RNA cannot, which suggests that, though there are differences in structures that each can form, neither is inherently more or less catalytic due to their possible structural motifs.