Lecture 6 - TCA cycle I - University of Lethbridge
... Catabolism of Proteins, Fats, and Carbohydrates The citric acid cycle is also called the Krebs cycle or the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. The citric acid cycle is the “hub” of the metabolic system. - Majority of carbohydrate, fatty acid and amino acid oxidation. - Majority of the generation of th ...
... Catabolism of Proteins, Fats, and Carbohydrates The citric acid cycle is also called the Krebs cycle or the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. The citric acid cycle is the “hub” of the metabolic system. - Majority of carbohydrate, fatty acid and amino acid oxidation. - Majority of the generation of th ...
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... ABSTRACT: Hydrogen bonds are ubiquitous in enzyme active sites, providing binding interactions and stabilizing charge rearrangements on substrate groups over the course of a reaction. But understanding the origin and magnitude of their catalytic contributions relative to hydrogen bonds made in aqueo ...
... ABSTRACT: Hydrogen bonds are ubiquitous in enzyme active sites, providing binding interactions and stabilizing charge rearrangements on substrate groups over the course of a reaction. But understanding the origin and magnitude of their catalytic contributions relative to hydrogen bonds made in aqueo ...
Trans-Tonoplast Transport of the Sulfur Containing
... amino acids, ATP stimulated the translocation even in the absence of Mg2+. Transport in the absence of ATP is likely to reflect permeation of the amino acids by diffusion through the membrane. The ATP-activated component is carrier-mediated. It is interesting to note that there was a good correlatio ...
... amino acids, ATP stimulated the translocation even in the absence of Mg2+. Transport in the absence of ATP is likely to reflect permeation of the amino acids by diffusion through the membrane. The ATP-activated component is carrier-mediated. It is interesting to note that there was a good correlatio ...
Molecular modeling of HIV-1 reverse
... resistance, although the specific mutants that are responsible differ for the most part between the two classes of drugs (Boyer et al., 1994a,b). In order to combat this problem, combination therapy, which combines inhibitors from both classes, is now being used as a means to enhance virus suppressi ...
... resistance, although the specific mutants that are responsible differ for the most part between the two classes of drugs (Boyer et al., 1994a,b). In order to combat this problem, combination therapy, which combines inhibitors from both classes, is now being used as a means to enhance virus suppressi ...
Constant Growth Rate Can Be Supported by Decreasing Energy
... that some glucose is also fermented in the presence of high level of O2 (Figure 2B), i.e., aerobic glycolysis. Such aerobic glycolysis (RQ >1; Figure 2E) and the exponential growth in Figure 2A are consistent with previous observations (Brauer et al., 2005; Zampar et al., 2013) and expectations. In ...
... that some glucose is also fermented in the presence of high level of O2 (Figure 2B), i.e., aerobic glycolysis. Such aerobic glycolysis (RQ >1; Figure 2E) and the exponential growth in Figure 2A are consistent with previous observations (Brauer et al., 2005; Zampar et al., 2013) and expectations. In ...
effect of short time exposure of rats to extreme low temperature on
... activity during the cryotherapy was observed. Increased SDH activity was found in the plasma and liver of the examined animals. This is NAD dependent enzyme which catalyzes conversion of sorbitol to fructose. In the glycolysis process fructose is metabolized more rapidly than glucose. It is due to t ...
... activity during the cryotherapy was observed. Increased SDH activity was found in the plasma and liver of the examined animals. This is NAD dependent enzyme which catalyzes conversion of sorbitol to fructose. In the glycolysis process fructose is metabolized more rapidly than glucose. It is due to t ...
Practice Exam III answers
... a). Has more resonance stabilization than the hydrolysis products. b). Has a larger solvation energy (-H’) than the hydrolysis products. c). Stabilized by electrostatic interactions around the bond. d). All of the above. e). None of the above. : (e), none are characteristics of the phosphoanhydri ...
... a). Has more resonance stabilization than the hydrolysis products. b). Has a larger solvation energy (-H’) than the hydrolysis products. c). Stabilized by electrostatic interactions around the bond. d). All of the above. e). None of the above. : (e), none are characteristics of the phosphoanhydri ...
Germinated lupine, Alkaloids, Stachyose, Raffinose, Availability of
... and non-germinated lupine and its nutritional value. Table 9 shows that the content of certain essential amino acids such as threonine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, tyrosine, histidine, and lysine, were elevated in the sprouted grain. However, some non-essential amino acids, decreased in concentr ...
... and non-germinated lupine and its nutritional value. Table 9 shows that the content of certain essential amino acids such as threonine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, tyrosine, histidine, and lysine, were elevated in the sprouted grain. However, some non-essential amino acids, decreased in concentr ...
Enzyme - PharmaStreet
... This would occur if the induced fit arising from the binding of the allosteric inhibitor distorts the active site sufficiently to prevent the catalytic mechanism, but has no effect on the substrate binding process. • In practice, this ideal situation is extremely rare, if it even occurs at all. It i ...
... This would occur if the induced fit arising from the binding of the allosteric inhibitor distorts the active site sufficiently to prevent the catalytic mechanism, but has no effect on the substrate binding process. • In practice, this ideal situation is extremely rare, if it even occurs at all. It i ...
Structural Characterization of the GSK
... diabetes, chronic inflammation processes, stroke and neurological diseases such as bipolar disorders or Alzheimer’s disease.10 To date, three groups have published structures of GSK-3b. These include two structures of the unphosphorylated apoenzyme,11,12 one structure of ...
... diabetes, chronic inflammation processes, stroke and neurological diseases such as bipolar disorders or Alzheimer’s disease.10 To date, three groups have published structures of GSK-3b. These include two structures of the unphosphorylated apoenzyme,11,12 one structure of ...
Sequence and Tissue Distribution of a Second Protein of Hepatic
... blocked for 1.5 h at 37"C in TBS (0.01 M Tris, pH 7.4, 0.9% NaCI) containing 3 % BSA. Reactions with primary antibody at a dilution of 1:100 in TBS with 0.2% BSA was done at 37"C for 2 h. After three washes in TBS containing 0.2% BSA, the blots were treated with 2 ttg/mi alkaline pbospbatase-conjuga ...
... blocked for 1.5 h at 37"C in TBS (0.01 M Tris, pH 7.4, 0.9% NaCI) containing 3 % BSA. Reactions with primary antibody at a dilution of 1:100 in TBS with 0.2% BSA was done at 37"C for 2 h. After three washes in TBS containing 0.2% BSA, the blots were treated with 2 ttg/mi alkaline pbospbatase-conjuga ...
The Gas-Phase Chemistry of Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes
... to obtain fundamental insight into the nature of molecular recognition. Cyclodextrins are a group of cyclic oligosaccharides composed of R(1,4)-linked glucopyranose units.1,2 The most common have six, seven, and eight units with the common names R-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrin, respectively. The utility ...
... to obtain fundamental insight into the nature of molecular recognition. Cyclodextrins are a group of cyclic oligosaccharides composed of R(1,4)-linked glucopyranose units.1,2 The most common have six, seven, and eight units with the common names R-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrin, respectively. The utility ...
Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase – an attractive enzyme for biotechnolo
... (Davis et al., 2000). All genes were assembled in an artificial operon under bacteriophage T7 promoter. Grouping all genes under the same tightly controlled, inducible promoter on a low copy plasmid was essential for the project as an abnormal ratio and high concentration of ACCase subunits are harm ...
... (Davis et al., 2000). All genes were assembled in an artificial operon under bacteriophage T7 promoter. Grouping all genes under the same tightly controlled, inducible promoter on a low copy plasmid was essential for the project as an abnormal ratio and high concentration of ACCase subunits are harm ...
End-product control of enzymes of branched
... In streptomycetes, the branched-chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine and valine may serve as precursors for commercially important polyketides, and it is of interest to investigate whether the availability of these amino acids affects the production of the secondary metabolites derived from them. T ...
... In streptomycetes, the branched-chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine and valine may serve as precursors for commercially important polyketides, and it is of interest to investigate whether the availability of these amino acids affects the production of the secondary metabolites derived from them. T ...
A Quick Look at Biochemistry: Lipid Metabolism
... always difficult for scientists to provide a specific definition for the word “lipid”. Therefore, due to the absence of a widely-accepted definition in this regard, lipids are categorized based on their different chemical properties including their ability for saponification, their chemical composit ...
... always difficult for scientists to provide a specific definition for the word “lipid”. Therefore, due to the absence of a widely-accepted definition in this regard, lipids are categorized based on their different chemical properties including their ability for saponification, their chemical composit ...
Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase – an attractive enzyme for biotechnolo
... (Davis et al., 2000). All genes were assembled in an artificial operon under bacteriophage T7 promoter. Grouping all genes under the same tightly controlled, inducible promoter on a low copy plasmid was essential for the project as an abnormal ratio and high concentration of ACCase subunits are harm ...
... (Davis et al., 2000). All genes were assembled in an artificial operon under bacteriophage T7 promoter. Grouping all genes under the same tightly controlled, inducible promoter on a low copy plasmid was essential for the project as an abnormal ratio and high concentration of ACCase subunits are harm ...
Separation of Racemic Mixtures of Amino Acids Using Chiral Eluents
... and the use of chiral amino acids are particularly important in bioorganic and medical chemistry. Therefore, reproducible methods to analyse enantiomeric mixtures of these compounds are needed to be used routinely.10 Separation of the enantiomers is generally conducted by resolution of a racemic mod ...
... and the use of chiral amino acids are particularly important in bioorganic and medical chemistry. Therefore, reproducible methods to analyse enantiomeric mixtures of these compounds are needed to be used routinely.10 Separation of the enantiomers is generally conducted by resolution of a racemic mod ...
catalogue 2012 - olimp
... are made to reject approximately 50% of candidates. It is not easy to become a supplier of Olimp! Each batch of materials undergoes a strict testing procedure; even if the results of pilot trials are positive we analyse each portion of a relevant supply. There is no room for mistakes and misundersta ...
... are made to reject approximately 50% of candidates. It is not easy to become a supplier of Olimp! Each batch of materials undergoes a strict testing procedure; even if the results of pilot trials are positive we analyse each portion of a relevant supply. There is no room for mistakes and misundersta ...
Isoelectric point prediction from the amino acid sequence of a protein
... that is quite different than ...
... that is quite different than ...
ppt file/carnitine
... Carnitine transporters in the membranes 1.) OCTN2 = organic cation transporter(uniporter) = high affinity carnitine/Na+ symporter Kt = 1-6 microM carnitine reabsorption from the filtrate to the blood in the apical tubular cells in kidney carnitine entrance from blood to cells: skel. mucle, heart, p ...
... Carnitine transporters in the membranes 1.) OCTN2 = organic cation transporter(uniporter) = high affinity carnitine/Na+ symporter Kt = 1-6 microM carnitine reabsorption from the filtrate to the blood in the apical tubular cells in kidney carnitine entrance from blood to cells: skel. mucle, heart, p ...
The Family of SMF Metal Ion Transporters in Yeast Cells*
... Yeast cells contain additional two genes of this family, SMF2 and SMF3, and indirect evidence indicates that they are also broad range metal ion transporters but exhibit different specificity from SMF1 (10), suggesting a specific function for each of them. Expression of Smf1p in Xenopus oocytes demo ...
... Yeast cells contain additional two genes of this family, SMF2 and SMF3, and indirect evidence indicates that they are also broad range metal ion transporters but exhibit different specificity from SMF1 (10), suggesting a specific function for each of them. Expression of Smf1p in Xenopus oocytes demo ...
M261 MHC class I antigen presentation April 17, 2000
... rapidly degraded whether or not it reaches the cell surface. ...
... rapidly degraded whether or not it reaches the cell surface. ...
"Nitrogen Metabolism". In: Microbial Physiology (Fourth Edition)
... described in other diazotrophic organisms. However, they face a dilemma in that nitrogenase is extremely sensitive to oxygen. Anabaena and Nostoc form heterocysts, which are specialized cells that contain most of the nitrogenase activity. In heterocysts, the photosynthetic system is effectively inac ...
... described in other diazotrophic organisms. However, they face a dilemma in that nitrogenase is extremely sensitive to oxygen. Anabaena and Nostoc form heterocysts, which are specialized cells that contain most of the nitrogenase activity. In heterocysts, the photosynthetic system is effectively inac ...
Proteolysis
Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Uncatalysed, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds is extremely slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteolysis is typically catalysed by cellular enzymes called proteases, but may also occur by intra-molecular digestion. Low pH or high temperatures can also cause proteolysis non-enzymatically.Proteolysis in organisms serves many purposes; for example, digestive enzymes break down proteins in food to provide amino acids for the organism, while proteolytic processing of a polypeptide chain after its synthesis may be necessary for the production of an active protein. It is also important in the regulation of some physiological and cellular processes, as well as preventing the accumulation of unwanted or abnormal proteins in cells. Consequently, dis-regulation of proteolysis can cause diseases, and is used in some venoms to damage their prey.Proteolysis is important as an analytical tool for studying proteins in the laboratory, as well as industrially, for example in food processing and stain removal.