Anatomy of a Cell :
... Finally, consider the cytoplasm. Once considered merely the aqueous environment in which the “important” molecules or organelles floated, it is now better understood to be filled with important structural and transport elements (fig. 4). The cytoskeleton provides not only an internal physical struct ...
... Finally, consider the cytoplasm. Once considered merely the aqueous environment in which the “important” molecules or organelles floated, it is now better understood to be filled with important structural and transport elements (fig. 4). The cytoskeleton provides not only an internal physical struct ...
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System, 3e
... and polarity without hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen bonds hold the double helix of DNA together and contribute to the overall shape of protein molecules. However, unlike covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds are not permanent bonds, so they can easily and temporarily be broken, a characteristic that is important ...
... and polarity without hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen bonds hold the double helix of DNA together and contribute to the overall shape of protein molecules. However, unlike covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds are not permanent bonds, so they can easily and temporarily be broken, a characteristic that is important ...
The Metabolism of Triglycerides by Spores of Penic
... preliminary experiments p-nitrophenyl acetate was also used, but the very low esterase activities of the cultures with this substrate were of the same order as the rate of spontaneous hydrolysis of the substrate at pH 7. The more stable o-nitrophenylbutyrate did not spontaneously hydrolyze although ...
... preliminary experiments p-nitrophenyl acetate was also used, but the very low esterase activities of the cultures with this substrate were of the same order as the rate of spontaneous hydrolysis of the substrate at pH 7. The more stable o-nitrophenylbutyrate did not spontaneously hydrolyze although ...
Hydrolysis of Bradykinin by Angiotensin
... the chloride effect has not been observed by other investigators (4, 5) using biological assays. It is not known whether the pulmonary converting enzyme-bradykininase described in this paper is the enzyme responsible for bradykinin inactivation under physiological conditions in the intact animal. Br ...
... the chloride effect has not been observed by other investigators (4, 5) using biological assays. It is not known whether the pulmonary converting enzyme-bradykininase described in this paper is the enzyme responsible for bradykinin inactivation under physiological conditions in the intact animal. Br ...
glycogen metabolism
... The liver G6-Pase, cleaves the phosphoryl group to form free glucose and orthophosphate. This G6-Pase, is located on the lumenal side of the smooth ...
... The liver G6-Pase, cleaves the phosphoryl group to form free glucose and orthophosphate. This G6-Pase, is located on the lumenal side of the smooth ...
de novo
... • The dipeptidase products cysteine and glycine re-enter the cell by specific amino acids transporters. This is critical, as cysteine is often a limiting amino acid in de novo GSH biosynthesis. • The -glutamyl-amino acid couple also re-enters the cell by an amino acid transporter. Once in the cell ...
... • The dipeptidase products cysteine and glycine re-enter the cell by specific amino acids transporters. This is critical, as cysteine is often a limiting amino acid in de novo GSH biosynthesis. • The -glutamyl-amino acid couple also re-enters the cell by an amino acid transporter. Once in the cell ...
Genomic Insights into Methanotrophy: The Complete Genome Sequence of Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath)
... biologically generated methane to the atmosphere. Despite their importance, and in contrast to organisms that play roles in other major parts of the carbon cycle such as photosynthesis, no genome-level studies have been published on the biology of methanotrophs. We report the first complete genome s ...
... biologically generated methane to the atmosphere. Despite their importance, and in contrast to organisms that play roles in other major parts of the carbon cycle such as photosynthesis, no genome-level studies have been published on the biology of methanotrophs. We report the first complete genome s ...
practice test - WordPress.com
... c. because the nonpolar regions form a cage-like structure around the charged portions of the molecule d. The nonpolar regions are always associated with the DNA genetic material on the inside of the molecule. When complex biomolecules such as proteins are unfolded and disordered from their biologic ...
... c. because the nonpolar regions form a cage-like structure around the charged portions of the molecule d. The nonpolar regions are always associated with the DNA genetic material on the inside of the molecule. When complex biomolecules such as proteins are unfolded and disordered from their biologic ...
Are You suprised ?
... organisms that appear to have few physical similarities may have similar sequences of amino acids in their proteins and be closely related through evolution. Many researchers believe that the greater the similarity in the amino-acid sequences of two organisms, the more closely related they are in an ...
... organisms that appear to have few physical similarities may have similar sequences of amino acids in their proteins and be closely related through evolution. Many researchers believe that the greater the similarity in the amino-acid sequences of two organisms, the more closely related they are in an ...
glucuronidation of opioids, carboxylic acid
... UGT isoforms. UGTs that are members of the UGT1 gene complex share common second through fifth exons, with at least 12 separate first exons coding for proteins with unique amino-terminal domains (2). In contrast, gene products of the UGT2 family appear to be transcribed from unique genes (3, 4). Alt ...
... UGT isoforms. UGTs that are members of the UGT1 gene complex share common second through fifth exons, with at least 12 separate first exons coding for proteins with unique amino-terminal domains (2). In contrast, gene products of the UGT2 family appear to be transcribed from unique genes (3, 4). Alt ...
Serine racemase: a KEY PLAYER in NEURON activity and in
... All these SRs crystallized as dimers, whereas in solution SR forms dimers with traces of tetramers (12). Dimers are stabilized by the formation of hydrophobic contacts, without the involvement of any disulfide bridge (20-22). Covalently cross-linked dimers were observed in the presence of reactive o ...
... All these SRs crystallized as dimers, whereas in solution SR forms dimers with traces of tetramers (12). Dimers are stabilized by the formation of hydrophobic contacts, without the involvement of any disulfide bridge (20-22). Covalently cross-linked dimers were observed in the presence of reactive o ...
Amino acid homeostasis and signalling in mammalian cells and
... A lysosomal leucine sensor has not been identified though. Cytosolic amino acid levels are thought to change the nucleotide-bound state of Rag GTPases associated with mTORC1. Starving induces a GDP-bound state, which is quickly changed to a GTP-bound state when amino acid levels are sufficient. The ex ...
... A lysosomal leucine sensor has not been identified though. Cytosolic amino acid levels are thought to change the nucleotide-bound state of Rag GTPases associated with mTORC1. Starving induces a GDP-bound state, which is quickly changed to a GTP-bound state when amino acid levels are sufficient. The ex ...
The Plant Cell - Department of Biology
... full-length KIC cDNA sequence was inserted into pET32a vector, which expresses the KIC protein as an S-tag fusion. The fusion protein is predicted to produce a polypeptide of 33 kD. The expressed proteins were isolated and a polypeptide of 33 kD was detected with S-protein in induced extracts but n ...
... full-length KIC cDNA sequence was inserted into pET32a vector, which expresses the KIC protein as an S-tag fusion. The fusion protein is predicted to produce a polypeptide of 33 kD. The expressed proteins were isolated and a polypeptide of 33 kD was detected with S-protein in induced extracts but n ...
The Enolase Superfamily: A General Strategy for Enzyme
... enzyme alone. In particular, those features that are important for shared chemical steps can be distinguished from those that relate to the specific chemistry of an individual enzyme. This information can then be used to predict the functions of homologs of unknown function from their sequences alon ...
... enzyme alone. In particular, those features that are important for shared chemical steps can be distinguished from those that relate to the specific chemistry of an individual enzyme. This information can then be used to predict the functions of homologs of unknown function from their sequences alon ...
Beef Cookery
... with the application of heat as it transforms proteins, carbohydrates and fats into their smaller, more flavorful components of amino acids, sugars and fatty acids. All beef cooking methods fall into two main categories: Dry Heat Methods and Moist Heat Methods. For tender beef cuts use Dry Heat Meth ...
... with the application of heat as it transforms proteins, carbohydrates and fats into their smaller, more flavorful components of amino acids, sugars and fatty acids. All beef cooking methods fall into two main categories: Dry Heat Methods and Moist Heat Methods. For tender beef cuts use Dry Heat Meth ...
New insights into regulation of p53 protein degradation
... Protein-protein interactions can protect p53 protein against ubiquitin-independent 20S proteasome pathway action The second proposed mechanism is by formation of protein-protein complexes: protein-protein interactions can protect intrinsically unstructured proteins against 20S proteasomal action [42 ...
... Protein-protein interactions can protect p53 protein against ubiquitin-independent 20S proteasome pathway action The second proposed mechanism is by formation of protein-protein complexes: protein-protein interactions can protect intrinsically unstructured proteins against 20S proteasomal action [42 ...
RIBOSOMES, PEPTIDES AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE
... been proposed further that the pausing ribosome is converted into the stalled state by the inducer, chloramphenicol. However, since little similarity can be found between cat, cmlA, and erm leader peptides, it remains unclear what properties of the peptide are important for its regulatory effect. S ...
... been proposed further that the pausing ribosome is converted into the stalled state by the inducer, chloramphenicol. However, since little similarity can be found between cat, cmlA, and erm leader peptides, it remains unclear what properties of the peptide are important for its regulatory effect. S ...
H2S-NSAIDs
... the H2S catabolic pathway is not well-defined yet, and most of the data have been obtained by using exogenous H2S. CBS and CSE are responsible for the majority of the endogenous production of H2S in mammalian tissues and have been detected in human and other mammalian cells.(27) Their expression is ...
... the H2S catabolic pathway is not well-defined yet, and most of the data have been obtained by using exogenous H2S. CBS and CSE are responsible for the majority of the endogenous production of H2S in mammalian tissues and have been detected in human and other mammalian cells.(27) Their expression is ...
enzyme
... is often driven by linking it to an energetically favorable reaction, such as the hydrolysis of ATP. ...
... is often driven by linking it to an energetically favorable reaction, such as the hydrolysis of ATP. ...
Expression, purification and characterization of azurin derived
... In this work, a production strategy was developed to obtain three different azurin derived peptides: Azu 1-50, Azu 1-77 and Azu 80-128. The recent identification of P-cadherin as a possible target protein for azurin lead to the need of having a reproducible method of production of azurin derived pep ...
... In this work, a production strategy was developed to obtain three different azurin derived peptides: Azu 1-50, Azu 1-77 and Azu 80-128. The recent identification of P-cadherin as a possible target protein for azurin lead to the need of having a reproducible method of production of azurin derived pep ...
Liver Function Tests slides 2009
... hepatocellular disease and marked in obstructive disease. ...
... hepatocellular disease and marked in obstructive disease. ...
Proteolysis
Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Uncatalysed, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds is extremely slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteolysis is typically catalysed by cellular enzymes called proteases, but may also occur by intra-molecular digestion. Low pH or high temperatures can also cause proteolysis non-enzymatically.Proteolysis in organisms serves many purposes; for example, digestive enzymes break down proteins in food to provide amino acids for the organism, while proteolytic processing of a polypeptide chain after its synthesis may be necessary for the production of an active protein. It is also important in the regulation of some physiological and cellular processes, as well as preventing the accumulation of unwanted or abnormal proteins in cells. Consequently, dis-regulation of proteolysis can cause diseases, and is used in some venoms to damage their prey.Proteolysis is important as an analytical tool for studying proteins in the laboratory, as well as industrially, for example in food processing and stain removal.