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... (polykarions) colocalize only when there are mitochondrial fusion events that cause the exchange of mitochondrial matrix proteins. However, this methodology to measure mitochondrial fusion rates cannot be applied successfully to all cellular models and does not measure the degree of mitochondrial co ...
... (polykarions) colocalize only when there are mitochondrial fusion events that cause the exchange of mitochondrial matrix proteins. However, this methodology to measure mitochondrial fusion rates cannot be applied successfully to all cellular models and does not measure the degree of mitochondrial co ...
Identification of core functional region of murine IL-4 using
... Total mRNA was prepared from 5 3 10 EL-4 cells and the fulllength mIL-4 gene was cloned. The adenoviral vectors for IL-4 gene expression were constructed by use of the AdEasy System (35). In brief, the full-length IL-4 gene was first cloned into the KpnI–XhoI site of a shuttle vector (pAdTrack-CMV) ...
... Total mRNA was prepared from 5 3 10 EL-4 cells and the fulllength mIL-4 gene was cloned. The adenoviral vectors for IL-4 gene expression were constructed by use of the AdEasy System (35). In brief, the full-length IL-4 gene was first cloned into the KpnI–XhoI site of a shuttle vector (pAdTrack-CMV) ...
An evolutionarily conserved mechanism for cAMP elicited axonal
... Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited. ...
... Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited. ...
Disruption of somitogenesis by a novel dominant allele of Lfng
... replacing exon 1 of the endogenous Lfng locus with a new exon containing sequences encoding the N-terminus and type II transmembrane domain of RFNG fused to LFNG at the first conserved amino acid of the proteins (Fig. 1A, Fig. S1). Based on our results in tissue culture, we predict that the resultin ...
... replacing exon 1 of the endogenous Lfng locus with a new exon containing sequences encoding the N-terminus and type II transmembrane domain of RFNG fused to LFNG at the first conserved amino acid of the proteins (Fig. 1A, Fig. S1). Based on our results in tissue culture, we predict that the resultin ...
Induction and Fixation of Polarity -Early Steps in Plant Morphogenesis
... Specific and complex forms of plants and animals emerge from simple, very often symmetric, origins. This process includes a chain of basic events whereby two poles develop along an originally more or less homogeneous axis. Since the eighteenth century such phenomena are referred to by the term “pola ...
... Specific and complex forms of plants and animals emerge from simple, very often symmetric, origins. This process includes a chain of basic events whereby two poles develop along an originally more or less homogeneous axis. Since the eighteenth century such phenomena are referred to by the term “pola ...
Ricin_Straight_Tox
... by Dwain Fuller, D-FTCB, TC-NRCC On February 14th, 2008, what seemed like a routine call to a Las Vegas 911 operator from a man suffering from respiratory problems became an incident of far-ranging significance. At last report, the man, now identified as Roger Von Bergendorff, a down-and-out graphic ...
... by Dwain Fuller, D-FTCB, TC-NRCC On February 14th, 2008, what seemed like a routine call to a Las Vegas 911 operator from a man suffering from respiratory problems became an incident of far-ranging significance. At last report, the man, now identified as Roger Von Bergendorff, a down-and-out graphic ...
Edexcel International GCSE in Biology (4BI0)
... economic importance are not required) Plants: These are multicellular organisms; their cells contain chloroplasts and are able to carry out photosynthesis; their cells have cellulose cell walls; they store carbohydrates as starch or sucrose Examples include flowering plants, such as a cereal (for ex ...
... economic importance are not required) Plants: These are multicellular organisms; their cells contain chloroplasts and are able to carry out photosynthesis; their cells have cellulose cell walls; they store carbohydrates as starch or sucrose Examples include flowering plants, such as a cereal (for ex ...
estrogen receptor by cyclin D1 Ligand
... ER and cyclin D1 share a coactivator binding motif To study how cyclin D1 activates ER, cyclin D1 deletion mutants were tested for their effect on ER transactivation. Cos-7 cells were transfected with cyclin D1 mutants, together with ER and a luciferase reporter gene construct driven by a minimal TA ...
... ER and cyclin D1 share a coactivator binding motif To study how cyclin D1 activates ER, cyclin D1 deletion mutants were tested for their effect on ER transactivation. Cos-7 cells were transfected with cyclin D1 mutants, together with ER and a luciferase reporter gene construct driven by a minimal TA ...
The yolk syncytial layer regulates myocardial
... the extra-embryonic yolk syncytial layer (YSL) is known to function as an important signaling center for mesoderm induction and early dorsoventral patterning (Mizuno et al., 1996; Chen and Kimelman, 2000) (reviewed by Sakaguchi et al., 2002). However, little is known about the roles the extra-embryo ...
... the extra-embryonic yolk syncytial layer (YSL) is known to function as an important signaling center for mesoderm induction and early dorsoventral patterning (Mizuno et al., 1996; Chen and Kimelman, 2000) (reviewed by Sakaguchi et al., 2002). However, little is known about the roles the extra-embryo ...
TFIIH Plays an Essential Role in RNA Polymerase I Transcription
... (A) Diagram showing the chromatographic steps used to purify Pol I, Pol IIIH, TIF-IB, and TIF-IBIIH. The numbers indicate the KCl concentrations (mM) at which the respective proteins elute from the columns. (B) Pol I transcription in a reconstituted system containing endogenous TFIIH. A Western blot ...
... (A) Diagram showing the chromatographic steps used to purify Pol I, Pol IIIH, TIF-IB, and TIF-IBIIH. The numbers indicate the KCl concentrations (mM) at which the respective proteins elute from the columns. (B) Pol I transcription in a reconstituted system containing endogenous TFIIH. A Western blot ...
Selenocysteine insertion directed by the 3′
... There is a key difference in the location of SECIS elements in bacteria versus archaea and eukaryotes. In known bacterial selenoprotein genes, SECIS elements are located in coding regions immediately downstream of UGA codons such that the distance between UGA and the apical loop of SECIS elements is ...
... There is a key difference in the location of SECIS elements in bacteria versus archaea and eukaryotes. In known bacterial selenoprotein genes, SECIS elements are located in coding regions immediately downstream of UGA codons such that the distance between UGA and the apical loop of SECIS elements is ...
neural crest specification: migrating into genomics
... Slug/Snail activity is crucial at several stages during early neural crest development. Overexpression expands the neural crest-forming region14,41, whereas blocking Slug and/or Snail function inhibits neural crest specification42,46 and migration46–48. The targets of Slug/Snail during premigratory ...
... Slug/Snail activity is crucial at several stages during early neural crest development. Overexpression expands the neural crest-forming region14,41, whereas blocking Slug and/or Snail function inhibits neural crest specification42,46 and migration46–48. The targets of Slug/Snail during premigratory ...
The role of auxin and gibberellin in tomato fruit set
... Auxin and gibberellin signalling components One of the first described auxin signalling components that might be involved in tomato fruit set is DIAGEOTROPICA (DGT). In tomato, dgt mutants, fruit set, fruit weight, number of seeds and locules per fruit were strongly affected (Balbi and Lomax, 2003). ...
... Auxin and gibberellin signalling components One of the first described auxin signalling components that might be involved in tomato fruit set is DIAGEOTROPICA (DGT). In tomato, dgt mutants, fruit set, fruit weight, number of seeds and locules per fruit were strongly affected (Balbi and Lomax, 2003). ...
Slide 1
... Mutant B-catenin translocated into nucleus (w/out need of TGF-B1) Mutant B-catenin induced profileration of MSCs and inhibited osteogenic differentiation Supports direct correlation between activation of Smad3/B-cateninmediated TGF-B1 signaling pathway and its unique biological responses in MSCs ...
... Mutant B-catenin translocated into nucleus (w/out need of TGF-B1) Mutant B-catenin induced profileration of MSCs and inhibited osteogenic differentiation Supports direct correlation between activation of Smad3/B-cateninmediated TGF-B1 signaling pathway and its unique biological responses in MSCs ...
Document
... 8- Do VIROIDs die? NO, however like all nucleic acids, their structure can be degraded by catalysts or UV light 9- Do VIROIDs come from pre-existing viroids? YES ~ existing VIROIDs are the templates for the next generation of replicants ...
... 8- Do VIROIDs die? NO, however like all nucleic acids, their structure can be degraded by catalysts or UV light 9- Do VIROIDs come from pre-existing viroids? YES ~ existing VIROIDs are the templates for the next generation of replicants ...
Interconnections Between RNA-Processing Pathways Revealed by
... these were factors encoding known or predicted components of the spliceosome. Included among ...
... these were factors encoding known or predicted components of the spliceosome. Included among ...
How mammals sense infection: from endotoxin to the Toll-like receptors Bruce Beutler
... interval cloned in 66 BACs and 2 YACs) • Exploration for genes (in our case, 1 authentic genes and 7 pseudogenes) • Mutation identification (find the one and only genetic change responsible for the ...
... interval cloned in 66 BACs and 2 YACs) • Exploration for genes (in our case, 1 authentic genes and 7 pseudogenes) • Mutation identification (find the one and only genetic change responsible for the ...
Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis and Virulence of
... systems (Figure 1A). Oxidation of proline to P5C is first catalyzed by the O2-dependent proline oxidase (also known as proline dehydrogenase). The resulting P5C is nonenzymatically transformed into glutamate-g-semialdehyde (GSA), which acts as a substrate for P5C dehydrogenase to generate glutamate. ...
... systems (Figure 1A). Oxidation of proline to P5C is first catalyzed by the O2-dependent proline oxidase (also known as proline dehydrogenase). The resulting P5C is nonenzymatically transformed into glutamate-g-semialdehyde (GSA), which acts as a substrate for P5C dehydrogenase to generate glutamate. ...
DOMAIN-BASED APPROACHES TO
... done by the scripts written in Perl, a high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming language. Some of the Perl scripts in this research are written in objected-oriented style. A huge collection of Perl modules, a discrete component of source code to be in a package, are open to publ ...
... done by the scripts written in Perl, a high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming language. Some of the Perl scripts in this research are written in objected-oriented style. A huge collection of Perl modules, a discrete component of source code to be in a package, are open to publ ...
Concomitant appearance of intrinsic
... from the trehalose-deficient progenitor that had been used in construction of the non-isogenic strains. The CPR phenotype permitted growth on glucose but not accumulation of trehalose, indicating that not all cifl-related deficiencies were suppressed in the CPR strains. However, one of the isogenic ...
... from the trehalose-deficient progenitor that had been used in construction of the non-isogenic strains. The CPR phenotype permitted growth on glucose but not accumulation of trehalose, indicating that not all cifl-related deficiencies were suppressed in the CPR strains. However, one of the isogenic ...
Animal Models in Eye Research
... photoreceptor cells. In Drosophila it has been estimated that the ATP used to maintain illuminated photoreceptor cells accounts for 8% of the total energy consumed at rest (Laughlin et al., 1998). Note that these calculations do not account for any costs arising from the constant renewal of the phot ...
... photoreceptor cells. In Drosophila it has been estimated that the ATP used to maintain illuminated photoreceptor cells accounts for 8% of the total energy consumed at rest (Laughlin et al., 1998). Note that these calculations do not account for any costs arising from the constant renewal of the phot ...
2014_ACIC - DIGITAL.CSIC, el repositorio institucional
... 2.1 Gemini surfactants with amino acids or peptides as headgroups One approach to minimize the toxicity of cationic bisQuats surfactants was to design soft Gemini molecules from biocompatible single chain amino acid-based surfactants. These new molecules combine the advantages of Gemini surfactants ...
... 2.1 Gemini surfactants with amino acids or peptides as headgroups One approach to minimize the toxicity of cationic bisQuats surfactants was to design soft Gemini molecules from biocompatible single chain amino acid-based surfactants. These new molecules combine the advantages of Gemini surfactants ...
1 Sister chromatids are often incompletely cohesed
... During preliminary investigations we occasionally found three or four instead of one or two FISH signals for chromosome-specific ~100 kb segments in 4C nuclei of A. thaliana indicating that not only homologues but also sister chromatids may occupy separate positions within a nucleus. Therefore, we b ...
... During preliminary investigations we occasionally found three or four instead of one or two FISH signals for chromosome-specific ~100 kb segments in 4C nuclei of A. thaliana indicating that not only homologues but also sister chromatids may occupy separate positions within a nucleus. Therefore, we b ...