new insights into the functions of the superior temporal cortex
... received a lesion at one location only. In all other animals in which Watson et al.2 made STS lesions, ablation was added to pre-existing brain lesions (of inferior parietal cortex in two cases, and of frontal cortex and corpus callosum in the third). One of these monkeys (the one with frontal and c ...
... received a lesion at one location only. In all other animals in which Watson et al.2 made STS lesions, ablation was added to pre-existing brain lesions (of inferior parietal cortex in two cases, and of frontal cortex and corpus callosum in the third). One of these monkeys (the one with frontal and c ...
Measurement of Corpus Callosum in Sudanese Population Using MRI
... In general, the left hemisphere of the brain is responsible for language and speech and is called the "dominant" hemisphere. The right hemisphere plays a large part in interpreting visual information and spatial processing. In about one third of individuals who are left-handed, speech function may b ...
... In general, the left hemisphere of the brain is responsible for language and speech and is called the "dominant" hemisphere. The right hemisphere plays a large part in interpreting visual information and spatial processing. In about one third of individuals who are left-handed, speech function may b ...
The Anterior Midline Field: Coercion or decision making? Brain and
... which has been shown to engender processing costs in self-paced reading (e.g., McElree, Traxler, Pickering, Seely, & Jackendoff, 2001), eye-tracking (e.g., Traxler, McElree, Williams, & Pickering (2005), and speed–accuracy tradeoff measures (McElree, Pylkkänen, Pickering, & Traxler, 2006). Important ...
... which has been shown to engender processing costs in self-paced reading (e.g., McElree, Traxler, Pickering, Seely, & Jackendoff, 2001), eye-tracking (e.g., Traxler, McElree, Williams, & Pickering (2005), and speed–accuracy tradeoff measures (McElree, Pylkkänen, Pickering, & Traxler, 2006). Important ...
Are cortical spikes conveyed to contralateral
... Purpose: By means of the intraoperative electrophysiological observation, the authors reevaluated the “transfer” theory that a transcallosal volley invoked by a cortical spike discharge in one hemisphere directly causes its contralateral counterpart via the corpus callosum (CC). Methods: Twenty-six ...
... Purpose: By means of the intraoperative electrophysiological observation, the authors reevaluated the “transfer” theory that a transcallosal volley invoked by a cortical spike discharge in one hemisphere directly causes its contralateral counterpart via the corpus callosum (CC). Methods: Twenty-six ...
A Symmetric Approach Elucidates Multisensory Information Integration
... visual system, the best known and the most relevant among sensory systems in Primates. The retinal receptors are sensitive to simple signals related to the external world. The message is sent to the primary visual cortex V1, where specific aspects of vision such as form, motion or color are segregat ...
... visual system, the best known and the most relevant among sensory systems in Primates. The retinal receptors are sensitive to simple signals related to the external world. The message is sent to the primary visual cortex V1, where specific aspects of vision such as form, motion or color are segregat ...
Lesser
... mouths. The fractured structure of the touch maps in the cerebellum supported the idea that the region was somehow comparing the sensory data coming from the multiple body parts used by each animal to explore its world. These maps seemed to be organized according to the use of the body parts rather ...
... mouths. The fractured structure of the touch maps in the cerebellum supported the idea that the region was somehow comparing the sensory data coming from the multiple body parts used by each animal to explore its world. These maps seemed to be organized according to the use of the body parts rather ...
Long thought to be solely the BRAIN`S COORDINATOR of body
... mouths. The fractured structure of the touch maps in the cerebellum supported the idea that the region was somehow comparing the sensory data coming from the multiple body parts used by each animal to explore its world. These maps seemed to be organized according to the use of the body parts rather ...
... mouths. The fractured structure of the touch maps in the cerebellum supported the idea that the region was somehow comparing the sensory data coming from the multiple body parts used by each animal to explore its world. These maps seemed to be organized according to the use of the body parts rather ...
Temporal Plasticity Involved in Recovery from Manual Dexterity
... PET imaging and inactivation studies (Table 1). Before the lesion, the monkeys underwent prelesion training that involved a small-object retrieval task, and topographic motor maps of M1 and the ventral premotor area (PMv) were constructed by using ICMS. Ibotenic acid was then injected to destroy the ...
... PET imaging and inactivation studies (Table 1). Before the lesion, the monkeys underwent prelesion training that involved a small-object retrieval task, and topographic motor maps of M1 and the ventral premotor area (PMv) were constructed by using ICMS. Ibotenic acid was then injected to destroy the ...
Chapter 14: Integration of Nervous System Functions
... 1. loss of pain and thermal sensations below the injury on the left side 2. loss of pain and thermal sensations below the injury on the right side 3. loss of fine touch and pressure sensations below the injury on the left side 4. loss of fine touch and pressure sensations below the injury on right s ...
... 1. loss of pain and thermal sensations below the injury on the left side 2. loss of pain and thermal sensations below the injury on the right side 3. loss of fine touch and pressure sensations below the injury on the left side 4. loss of fine touch and pressure sensations below the injury on right s ...
Brain stem representation of thermal and psychogenic sweating in
... activated just before discrete sweating events, implicating neurons in those regions as potential drivers of psychogenic sweating (6). Fechir and colleagues also used fMRI to identify brain regions activated proportionally with sweating in response to a graded mental task (12). Interestingly, while ...
... activated just before discrete sweating events, implicating neurons in those regions as potential drivers of psychogenic sweating (6). Fechir and colleagues also used fMRI to identify brain regions activated proportionally with sweating in response to a graded mental task (12). Interestingly, while ...
Basal Ganglia Functional Connectivity Based on
... Different, but not mutually exclusive, models of corticostriatal connectivity have been proposed, including connectivity based on proximity, parallel loops, and a model of a tripartite division of the striatum into motor, associative, and limbic areas. All these models were largely based on studies ...
... Different, but not mutually exclusive, models of corticostriatal connectivity have been proposed, including connectivity based on proximity, parallel loops, and a model of a tripartite division of the striatum into motor, associative, and limbic areas. All these models were largely based on studies ...
Applauding with Closed Hands: Neural Signature of Action
... Far from adhering to or rejecting these hypotheses, we call upon a more balanced method to consider the brain basis of language and cognition as interplay between multiple cognitive domains. Large-scale neural networks are formed dynamically, involving several parts of the cortex that are needed for ...
... Far from adhering to or rejecting these hypotheses, we call upon a more balanced method to consider the brain basis of language and cognition as interplay between multiple cognitive domains. Large-scale neural networks are formed dynamically, involving several parts of the cortex that are needed for ...
- Journal of Clinical Investigation
... occur more frequently in hyponatremic patients with a higher correction rate of serum sodium. In experimental animals, including rats (6, 7), rabbits (8), and dogs (9), rapid correction of hyponatremia has been shown persistently resulting in demyelinative lesions. However, not all investigators agr ...
... occur more frequently in hyponatremic patients with a higher correction rate of serum sodium. In experimental animals, including rats (6, 7), rabbits (8), and dogs (9), rapid correction of hyponatremia has been shown persistently resulting in demyelinative lesions. However, not all investigators agr ...
Chapter_013
... • Fourth ventricle—tiny, diamond-shaped space where the cerebellum attaches to the back of the brainstem ...
... • Fourth ventricle—tiny, diamond-shaped space where the cerebellum attaches to the back of the brainstem ...
Chapter_013
... • Fourth ventricle—tiny, diamond-shaped space where the cerebellum attaches to the back of the brainstem ...
... • Fourth ventricle—tiny, diamond-shaped space where the cerebellum attaches to the back of the brainstem ...
Neural Correlates of First-Person Perspective as One Constituent of
... premotor cortex during 3PP (relative to 1PP), whereas differential increases during 1PP (relative to 3PP) were found in mesial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, and superior temporal cortex bilaterally. The data suggest that in addition to joint neural mechanisms, for example, due to vi ...
... premotor cortex during 3PP (relative to 1PP), whereas differential increases during 1PP (relative to 3PP) were found in mesial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, and superior temporal cortex bilaterally. The data suggest that in addition to joint neural mechanisms, for example, due to vi ...
Responses of the Human Brain to Mild Dehydration and
... et al,11 and Watson et al12 induced dehydration by thermal exercises. They reported no significant effect of dehydration on brain volume. Results on ventricular volume ranged from decrease12 to increase,7,10 and Dickson et al found no changes.11 Duning et al13 showed a 0.55% brain volume reduction a ...
... et al,11 and Watson et al12 induced dehydration by thermal exercises. They reported no significant effect of dehydration on brain volume. Results on ventricular volume ranged from decrease12 to increase,7,10 and Dickson et al found no changes.11 Duning et al13 showed a 0.55% brain volume reduction a ...
Study Objectives
... 10. Describe the symptoms that characterize Korsakoff’s syndrome. 11. Describe and discuss the most common cause and summarize the neuropathology associated with this Korsakoff’s syndrome. 12. Note the similarities between Korsakoff’s syndrome and other medial temporal lobe disorders. 13. Using clin ...
... 10. Describe the symptoms that characterize Korsakoff’s syndrome. 11. Describe and discuss the most common cause and summarize the neuropathology associated with this Korsakoff’s syndrome. 12. Note the similarities between Korsakoff’s syndrome and other medial temporal lobe disorders. 13. Using clin ...
Technology Insight: noninvasive brain stimulation in neurology
... whereas an enlargement of the primary motor cortex area for the hand, as defined by TMS,39,40 correlates with better motor outcome. Studies in animals41 and humans42 have described a shift in sensorimotor cortex activation from bilateral to stroke-affected hemisphere in association with poststroke r ...
... whereas an enlargement of the primary motor cortex area for the hand, as defined by TMS,39,40 correlates with better motor outcome. Studies in animals41 and humans42 have described a shift in sensorimotor cortex activation from bilateral to stroke-affected hemisphere in association with poststroke r ...
12 - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... – Sensory areas—conscious awareness of sensation – Association areas—integrate diverse information ...
... – Sensory areas—conscious awareness of sensation – Association areas—integrate diverse information ...
Neuroanatomy Final Review Notes by Russ Beach
... -UMN from cerebral cortex distributes to all cranial motor nuclei (LMN) bilaterally with the exception of the facial nucleus (lower face portion of facial nucleus) -UMN lesion would paralyze lower half of face on contralateral side -LMN lesion would paralyze complete half of face on ipsilateral side ...
... -UMN from cerebral cortex distributes to all cranial motor nuclei (LMN) bilaterally with the exception of the facial nucleus (lower face portion of facial nucleus) -UMN lesion would paralyze lower half of face on contralateral side -LMN lesion would paralyze complete half of face on ipsilateral side ...
Cortex - Anatomy and Physiology
... – Sensory areas—conscious awareness of sensation – Association areas—integrate diverse information ...
... – Sensory areas—conscious awareness of sensation – Association areas—integrate diverse information ...
Document
... • Areas 21 and 22 are the auditory association areas. Both areas are divided into two parts; one half of each area lies on either side of area 42. Collec tively they can be called Wernicke's auditory area. – Involved in language processing to enable particular sequences of sound to be identified and ...
... • Areas 21 and 22 are the auditory association areas. Both areas are divided into two parts; one half of each area lies on either side of area 42. Collec tively they can be called Wernicke's auditory area. – Involved in language processing to enable particular sequences of sound to be identified and ...
Lateralization of brain function
The longitudinal fissure separates the human brain into two distinct cerebral hemispheres, connected by the corpus callosum. The hemispheres exhibit strong, but not complete, bilateral symmetry in both structure and function. For example, structurally, the lateral sulcus generally is longer in the left hemisphere than in the right hemisphere, and functionally, Broca's area and Wernicke's area are located in the left cerebral hemisphere for about 95% of right-handers, but about 70% of left-handers.Broad generalizations are often made in ""pop"" psychology about one side or the other having characteristic labels, such as ""logical"" for the left side or ""creative"" for the right. These labels are not supported by studies on lateralization, as lateralization does not add specialized usage from either hemisphere. Both hemispheres contribute to both kinds of processes, and experimental evidence provides little support for correlating the structural differences between the sides with such broadly defined functional differences.The extent of any modularity, or specialization of brain function by area, remains under investigation. If a specific region of the brain, or even an entire hemisphere, is injured or destroyed, its functions can sometimes be assumed by a neighboring region in the same hemisphere or the corresponding region in the other hemisphere, depending upon the area damaged and the patient's age. When injury interferes with pathways from one area to another, alternative (indirect) connections may develop to communicate information with detached areas, despite the inefficiencies.Brain function lateralization is evident in the phenomena of right- or left-handedness and of right or left ear preference, but a person's preferred hand is not a clear indication of the location of brain function. Although 95% of right-handed people have left-hemisphere dominance for language, 18.8% of left-handed people have right-hemisphere dominance for language function. Additionally, 19.8% of the left-handed have bilateral language functions. Even within various language functions (e.g., semantics, syntax, prosody), degree (and even hemisphere) of dominance may differ.Additionally, although some functions are lateralized, these are only a tendency. The trend across many individuals may also vary significantly as to how any specific function is implemented. The areas of exploration of this causal or effectual difference of a particular brain function include its gross anatomy, dendritic structure, and neurotransmitter distribution. The structural and chemical variance of a particular brain function, between the two hemispheres of one brain or between the same hemisphere of two different brains, is still being studied. Short of having undergone a hemispherectomy (removal of a cerebral hemisphere), no one is a ""left-brain only"" or ""right-brain only"" person.