Biology 231
... synapse – site of communication between a neuron and another cell neuromuscular junction – synapse between neuron and muscle fiber neuroglandular junction – synapse between neuron and gland most synapses are between one neuron and another neuron Synapses Between Neurons presynaptic neuron – sending ...
... synapse – site of communication between a neuron and another cell neuromuscular junction – synapse between neuron and muscle fiber neuroglandular junction – synapse between neuron and gland most synapses are between one neuron and another neuron Synapses Between Neurons presynaptic neuron – sending ...
Nervous System
... Provides a 2-way pathway to and from the brain Serves as a reflex center Has 31 linear segments giving way to 31 spinal nerves (relay info. from PNS to CNS and vice versa) Cauda Equina: collection of spinal nerves at the inferior end of the vertebral ...
... Provides a 2-way pathway to and from the brain Serves as a reflex center Has 31 linear segments giving way to 31 spinal nerves (relay info. from PNS to CNS and vice versa) Cauda Equina: collection of spinal nerves at the inferior end of the vertebral ...
Ch 31: Urinary System
... - Long, thin fiber…makes neurons longest cells in body - Carries electrical signal away from cell body - Allows signals to be carried large distances - Multiple axons are bundled together to form “nerves” ...
... - Long, thin fiber…makes neurons longest cells in body - Carries electrical signal away from cell body - Allows signals to be carried large distances - Multiple axons are bundled together to form “nerves” ...
chapter 3 powerpoint
... All-or-None Response: When the depolarizing current exceeds the threshold, a neuron will fire. If the depolarizing current fails to exceed the threshold, a neuron will not fire. Intensity of an action potential remains the same throughout the length of the axon. ...
... All-or-None Response: When the depolarizing current exceeds the threshold, a neuron will fire. If the depolarizing current fails to exceed the threshold, a neuron will not fire. Intensity of an action potential remains the same throughout the length of the axon. ...
Chapter 13: Peripheral Nervous System
... Enhance “rest-and-digest” activities Mechanisms that help conserve and restore body energy during times of rest Normally dominate over sympathetic impulses SLUDD type responses = salivation, lacrimation, urination, digestion ...
... Enhance “rest-and-digest” activities Mechanisms that help conserve and restore body energy during times of rest Normally dominate over sympathetic impulses SLUDD type responses = salivation, lacrimation, urination, digestion ...
Anatomy Physiology Final Exam Review
... Abnormal neuroglia are associated with certain disorders. Most brain tumors, for example, consist of neuroglia that divide too often. Neuroglia that produce toxins may lie behind some neurodegenerative disorders. In one familial form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, or Lou Gehrig’s disease), c ...
... Abnormal neuroglia are associated with certain disorders. Most brain tumors, for example, consist of neuroglia that divide too often. Neuroglia that produce toxins may lie behind some neurodegenerative disorders. In one familial form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, or Lou Gehrig’s disease), c ...
PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY Chapter 2
... The active transport of potassium and sodium ions into and out of the cell, respectively, is accomplished by a number of sodium-potassium pumps scattered across the cell membrane. Each pump transports two ions of potassium into the cell for every three ions of sodium pumped out. This establishes a p ...
... The active transport of potassium and sodium ions into and out of the cell, respectively, is accomplished by a number of sodium-potassium pumps scattered across the cell membrane. Each pump transports two ions of potassium into the cell for every three ions of sodium pumped out. This establishes a p ...
Readings to Accompany “Nerves” Worksheet (adapted from France
... nerve can stop signals to and from the central nervous system, causing impaired muscle function and loss of (or abnormal) sensation in the injured area. When a nerve is cut, both the nerve and its insulating myelin sheath are disrupted. Compression or tensile injuries can cause nerve fibers to break ...
... nerve can stop signals to and from the central nervous system, causing impaired muscle function and loss of (or abnormal) sensation in the injured area. When a nerve is cut, both the nerve and its insulating myelin sheath are disrupted. Compression or tensile injuries can cause nerve fibers to break ...
Jackson Rancheria Casino Shooting
... terms of two principal divisions—the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS, consisting of the brain and spinal cord, interprets incoming sensory information and issues instructions based on past experience. The PNS, consisting of cranial and spinal nerves and ...
... terms of two principal divisions—the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS, consisting of the brain and spinal cord, interprets incoming sensory information and issues instructions based on past experience. The PNS, consisting of cranial and spinal nerves and ...
Unit 3A Nervous System - Teacher Version
... action potential (excitatory neurotransmitters binding to receptors) must ...
... action potential (excitatory neurotransmitters binding to receptors) must ...
neurons
... ANS that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations. Parasympathetic Nervous System: Division of the ANS that calms the body, conserving its ...
... ANS that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations. Parasympathetic Nervous System: Division of the ANS that calms the body, conserving its ...
Neural Pathways and Transmission
... Ion channels specific for sodium open within the cell membrane, allowing sodium to move into the neuron This causes a very temporary reversal in charges, in which the interior is now positively charged, and the exterior is negatively charged Internal environment is, on average, 30 mV at this state T ...
... Ion channels specific for sodium open within the cell membrane, allowing sodium to move into the neuron This causes a very temporary reversal in charges, in which the interior is now positively charged, and the exterior is negatively charged Internal environment is, on average, 30 mV at this state T ...
here - WPI
... hour. This rapid pace allows a single neuron to generate and release impulses multiple times every second (Society for Neuroscience, 2012). The next step of this process occurs when this type of voltage change reaches the end of an axon, prompting the release of neurotransmitters. These chemicals, ...
... hour. This rapid pace allows a single neuron to generate and release impulses multiple times every second (Society for Neuroscience, 2012). The next step of this process occurs when this type of voltage change reaches the end of an axon, prompting the release of neurotransmitters. These chemicals, ...
Chapter 10 THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
... them to the cell body • Axon – conducts impulses away from the nerve cell • Terminal end fibers – lead the nervous impulse away from the axon and toward the synapse. ...
... them to the cell body • Axon – conducts impulses away from the nerve cell • Terminal end fibers – lead the nervous impulse away from the axon and toward the synapse. ...
PP text version
... Glia are the “glue” of the nervous system that support and surround neurons. Types: radial glia: tracks for neurons to travel along during development astrocytes: structural and metabolic support for neurons, communication between glia and neurons also likely. Astrocytes also aid in the genera ...
... Glia are the “glue” of the nervous system that support and surround neurons. Types: radial glia: tracks for neurons to travel along during development astrocytes: structural and metabolic support for neurons, communication between glia and neurons also likely. Astrocytes also aid in the genera ...
Nervous Systems: Cells and Functions
... • The axon usually carries information away from the cell body. • Axons conduct information to target cells, which can be other neurons, muscle cells, or gland cells. • At its end, the axon divides into many fine nerve endings. At the tip of each nerve ending is a swelling called the axon terminal. ...
... • The axon usually carries information away from the cell body. • Axons conduct information to target cells, which can be other neurons, muscle cells, or gland cells. • At its end, the axon divides into many fine nerve endings. At the tip of each nerve ending is a swelling called the axon terminal. ...
Research Proposal: Nivedita Chatterjee
... objectives for the next two years (2012-2014) and the next five years (2012-2017). 1. Background Recent research has challenged the classical view of glia as being only “supporting cells” of the brain, and has instead shown them to be active components in the functioning of both the central nervous ...
... objectives for the next two years (2012-2014) and the next five years (2012-2017). 1. Background Recent research has challenged the classical view of glia as being only “supporting cells” of the brain, and has instead shown them to be active components in the functioning of both the central nervous ...
Chapter 9
... o Contains sensory receptors that convert info into a nerve impulse and transmit it back to the CNS to make sense of it. o Monitors environmental changes such as light and sound o Detects changes in homeostasis ( ex: temperature, oxygen level) ...
... o Contains sensory receptors that convert info into a nerve impulse and transmit it back to the CNS to make sense of it. o Monitors environmental changes such as light and sound o Detects changes in homeostasis ( ex: temperature, oxygen level) ...
B- Parietal
... What is the name of the fatty tissue that covers the axon to speed up the electric impulse message and hold it in? A- EIM layer B- Myelin C- Parietal D- None, the impulse is chemical in the axon ...
... What is the name of the fatty tissue that covers the axon to speed up the electric impulse message and hold it in? A- EIM layer B- Myelin C- Parietal D- None, the impulse is chemical in the axon ...
Anat 1: Ch 17 (SS99)
... short axons in adrenal medulla to release NT into blood stream (= hormones) ...
... short axons in adrenal medulla to release NT into blood stream (= hormones) ...
Temporal Lobe
... response. Infected brain cells, white blood cells, and live and dead bacteria and fungi collect in an area of the brain. A membrane forms around this area and creates a mass. • While this immune response can protect the brain by isolating the infection, it can also do more harm than good. The brain ...
... response. Infected brain cells, white blood cells, and live and dead bacteria and fungi collect in an area of the brain. A membrane forms around this area and creates a mass. • While this immune response can protect the brain by isolating the infection, it can also do more harm than good. The brain ...
Lesson 33 - UBC Zoology
... Supporting Cells The supporting cells can make up more than 90% of the cells in the nervous system of some species. More complex organisms have more glial cells relative to neurons. These cells form a scaffolding or glue, which holds the tissue together. They assist the neurons by controlling the en ...
... Supporting Cells The supporting cells can make up more than 90% of the cells in the nervous system of some species. More complex organisms have more glial cells relative to neurons. These cells form a scaffolding or glue, which holds the tissue together. They assist the neurons by controlling the en ...
Information Processing in Motor Learning
... Efferent neurons Motor Carry signals from the brain Sport Books Publisher ...
... Efferent neurons Motor Carry signals from the brain Sport Books Publisher ...
Neurotoxin
Neurotoxins are substances that are poisonous or destructive to nerve tissue. Neurotoxins are an extensive class of exogenous chemical neurological insults that can adversely affect function in both developing and mature nervous tissue. The term can also be used to classify endogenous compounds, which, when abnormally contact, can prove neurologically toxic. Though neurotoxins are often neurologically destructive, their ability to specifically target neural components is important in the study of nervous systems. Common examples of neurotoxins include lead, ethanol (drinking alcohol), Manganese glutamate, nitric oxide (NO), botulinum toxin (e.g. Botox), tetanus toxin, and tetrodotoxin. Some substances such as nitric oxide and glutamate are in fact essential for proper function of the body and only exert neurotoxic effects at excessive concentrations.Neurotoxins inhibit neuron control over ion concentrations across the cell membrane, or communication between neurons across a synapse. Local pathology of neurotoxin exposure often includes neuron excitotoxicity or apoptosis but can also include glial cell damage. Macroscopic manifestations of neurotoxin exposure can include widespread central nervous system damage such as intellectual disability, persistent memory impairments, epilepsy, and dementia. Additionally, neurotoxin-mediated peripheral nervous system damage such as neuropathy or myopathy is common. Support has been shown for a number of treatments aimed at attenuating neurotoxin-mediated injury, such as antioxidant, and antitoxin administration.