Tree species richness promotes productivity in temperate forests
... From stem diameter at breast height, the sizes of other tree compartments (e.g. foliage, roots) and total aboveground biomass are estimated using allometric equations, which partly respond to changing competition and thus to diversity changes (Bugmann 1994; Didion et al. 2009). Species coexistence i ...
... From stem diameter at breast height, the sizes of other tree compartments (e.g. foliage, roots) and total aboveground biomass are estimated using allometric equations, which partly respond to changing competition and thus to diversity changes (Bugmann 1994; Didion et al. 2009). Species coexistence i ...
Habitat suitability modelling and niche theory
... occurrence of the species. In spite of this relationship, the concepts are weakly linked in the literature, and there is a strong need for better integration. 2. We selectively reviewed the literature for habitat suitability studies that directly addressed four common facets of niche theory: niche c ...
... occurrence of the species. In spite of this relationship, the concepts are weakly linked in the literature, and there is a strong need for better integration. 2. We selectively reviewed the literature for habitat suitability studies that directly addressed four common facets of niche theory: niche c ...
1 Optimal Public Control of Exotic Species: Preventing the Brown
... Brown tree snakes (Boiga irregularis) were accidentally introduced to Guam in the 1940s, via shipping from their native Australia. They cause an average of one power outage every four days. If O’ahu faced similar conditions, the expense of power outages would be significant. A conservative estimate ...
... Brown tree snakes (Boiga irregularis) were accidentally introduced to Guam in the 1940s, via shipping from their native Australia. They cause an average of one power outage every four days. If O’ahu faced similar conditions, the expense of power outages would be significant. A conservative estimate ...
Effects of Habitat-Forming Species Richness, Evenness, Identity
... these characteristics should influence the establishment of associated species and their diversity [36–38]. Therefore, habitats marked by a high abundance, richness, and evenness (equal abundance) of HFS should support a more diverse assemblage of associated species. Primary productivity of the whol ...
... these characteristics should influence the establishment of associated species and their diversity [36–38]. Therefore, habitats marked by a high abundance, richness, and evenness (equal abundance) of HFS should support a more diverse assemblage of associated species. Primary productivity of the whol ...
Gauging the impact of fishing mortality on non
... poorly known. Because these species have little or no economic value, they have been given low priority in research. However, it is important to develop methods for assessing the vulnerability of such species because they would help to predict the impact of fishing on species of conservation concern ...
... poorly known. Because these species have little or no economic value, they have been given low priority in research. However, it is important to develop methods for assessing the vulnerability of such species because they would help to predict the impact of fishing on species of conservation concern ...
Estimating the tolerance of species to the effects
... The equations for pollinator populations can be written in a symmetric form interchanging the indices (P ) and (A). Since there is no data to fully parametrize our dynamical system with meaningful biological information, we use a mean field approximation10 for the competition term (i.e., βii = 1 an ...
... The equations for pollinator populations can be written in a symmetric form interchanging the indices (P ) and (A). Since there is no data to fully parametrize our dynamical system with meaningful biological information, we use a mean field approximation10 for the competition term (i.e., βii = 1 an ...
Salamander Competition Research Paper
... test different treatments and effects of different variables. These areas tend to be blocked off by semi permeable barriers that allow water and macroinvertebrates or other small food sources to flow through. The effects of intraspecific competition can be seen and measured in Ambystoma salamander l ...
... test different treatments and effects of different variables. These areas tend to be blocked off by semi permeable barriers that allow water and macroinvertebrates or other small food sources to flow through. The effects of intraspecific competition can be seen and measured in Ambystoma salamander l ...
Predicting community structure of ground-foraging ant
... incomplete because some species simply never co-occur ...
... incomplete because some species simply never co-occur ...
Global ecological impacts of invasive species in aquatic ecosystems
... same direction as those produced by direct biotic interaction, and thus, the outcome of invasion largely depends on the intensity of both processes. Such complexity explains the lack of a unified theoretical framework to anticipate the ecological impacts of aquatic invasions. Using quantitative meta ...
... same direction as those produced by direct biotic interaction, and thus, the outcome of invasion largely depends on the intensity of both processes. Such complexity explains the lack of a unified theoretical framework to anticipate the ecological impacts of aquatic invasions. Using quantitative meta ...
A Consumer-Resource Approach to Community Structure1 The
... species consumes are called its resources. That the consumer-resource interaction is the central biotic interaction is illustrated by any diagram of a food web. In a food web, there are two distinct types of links: consumer-resource interactions and the various processes that supply the abiotic reso ...
... species consumes are called its resources. That the consumer-resource interaction is the central biotic interaction is illustrated by any diagram of a food web. In a food web, there are two distinct types of links: consumer-resource interactions and the various processes that supply the abiotic reso ...
managing fisheries effects on marine food webs
... would be evident if the productivity of the predators is reduced as a result of fishing, although before attribution of such evidence to competition, changes in the food web not necessarily caused by fishing could perhaps be considered. Reduced net productivity may be evident in a decrease of the biom ...
... would be evident if the productivity of the predators is reduced as a result of fishing, although before attribution of such evidence to competition, changes in the food web not necessarily caused by fishing could perhaps be considered. Reduced net productivity may be evident in a decrease of the biom ...
Density-dependence in common tree species in a tropical dry forest
... However, tree species seldom attain such high densities in mixed-species communities, particularly in speciesrich communities such as tropical forests, where most tree species are infrequent or rare. Are such species also regulated by density-dependent effects? It has been argued further that plants ...
... However, tree species seldom attain such high densities in mixed-species communities, particularly in speciesrich communities such as tropical forests, where most tree species are infrequent or rare. Are such species also regulated by density-dependent effects? It has been argued further that plants ...
The role of plant species in biomass production and response to
... assemblages is caused more by complementarity than by sampling effects (Loreau & Hector 2001; Tilman et al. 2001), yet how species interactions generate complementarity is poorly understood. The lack of understanding of these interactions is especially acute for aggregate properties of the ecosystem ...
... assemblages is caused more by complementarity than by sampling effects (Loreau & Hector 2001; Tilman et al. 2001), yet how species interactions generate complementarity is poorly understood. The lack of understanding of these interactions is especially acute for aggregate properties of the ecosystem ...
Has the ghost of competition passed?
... Now consider the southeast quadrant to the right and below the absolute isoleg of species 2. Species 1 occupies its preferred habitat only; species 2 occupies both. The maximum competitive effect of species 2 on species 1 is α. The proportion of individuals of species 2 occupying habitat A increases ...
... Now consider the southeast quadrant to the right and below the absolute isoleg of species 2. Species 1 occupies its preferred habitat only; species 2 occupies both. The maximum competitive effect of species 2 on species 1 is α. The proportion of individuals of species 2 occupying habitat A increases ...
Resource Partitioning among Five Agrobiont Spiders of a Rice
... that niche overlap indicates current competition in species and also indicates whether competition was present or absent among these species in the past (Schoener 1974). If resources are not in short supply, 2 organisms can share them without detriment to one another, and niche overlap may be high. ...
... that niche overlap indicates current competition in species and also indicates whether competition was present or absent among these species in the past (Schoener 1974). If resources are not in short supply, 2 organisms can share them without detriment to one another, and niche overlap may be high. ...
a review and synthesis1
... and Y tendencies resulted in the production of ill-adapted offspring could arise at B.” In other words, we are considering the early stages of speciation, with some ecological and (or) morphological differences having accrued between populations A and C. These two populations are still able to produ ...
... and Y tendencies resulted in the production of ill-adapted offspring could arise at B.” In other words, we are considering the early stages of speciation, with some ecological and (or) morphological differences having accrued between populations A and C. These two populations are still able to produ ...
Interspecific competition and predation in American carnivore families
... Seventy-seven species of terrestrial American carnivores, belonging to six families (Canidae, Felidae, Mephitidae, Mustelidae, Procyonidae and Ursidae) were included in our analyses. Marine otters were excluded because the majority of their intraguild interactions are with marine taxa not included i ...
... Seventy-seven species of terrestrial American carnivores, belonging to six families (Canidae, Felidae, Mephitidae, Mustelidae, Procyonidae and Ursidae) were included in our analyses. Marine otters were excluded because the majority of their intraguild interactions are with marine taxa not included i ...
Global Population Dynamics and Hot Spots of Response to Climate
... AT et al. 2002, Pearson and Dawson 2003). This approach may be applicable in single-species systems, but not where distribution or abundance can be influenced by species interactions or anthropogenic forces (Case and Taper 2000, Araujo and Luoto 2007, Heikkinen et al. 2007). In fact, species are oft ...
... AT et al. 2002, Pearson and Dawson 2003). This approach may be applicable in single-species systems, but not where distribution or abundance can be influenced by species interactions or anthropogenic forces (Case and Taper 2000, Araujo and Luoto 2007, Heikkinen et al. 2007). In fact, species are oft ...
44KB - NZQA
... This AMAP can be accessed at http://www.nzqa.govt.nz/framework/search/index.do. Special notes ...
... This AMAP can be accessed at http://www.nzqa.govt.nz/framework/search/index.do. Special notes ...
Effects of population-level aggregation
... minimum time-scale (one year in this study). This parameter was estimated using maximum likelihood estimation (Appendix 1). The Poisson distribution used for random placement of individuals is the limiting case of the negative-binomial as k goes to infinity (Appendix 1). This approach represents a f ...
... minimum time-scale (one year in this study). This parameter was estimated using maximum likelihood estimation (Appendix 1). The Poisson distribution used for random placement of individuals is the limiting case of the negative-binomial as k goes to infinity (Appendix 1). This approach represents a f ...