10/4 version of Chapter3
... OVERALL IMPRESSIONS: The second half of the chapter was much easier to read than the first. I think what is lacking in the first half is basic review of succession theory and a solid foundation for the conclusions drawn at the end of the chapter (relay-floristics is the null model). The figures were ...
... OVERALL IMPRESSIONS: The second half of the chapter was much easier to read than the first. I think what is lacking in the first half is basic review of succession theory and a solid foundation for the conclusions drawn at the end of the chapter (relay-floristics is the null model). The figures were ...
RESPONSE SURFACE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS FOR
... Notes: The interspecific competition coefficient is b, which represents the effect of species Y on species X, relative to intraspecific competition. The maximum population growth rate from a low density in all models is l. The parameters b and c are empirical constants used to set the carrying capac ...
... Notes: The interspecific competition coefficient is b, which represents the effect of species Y on species X, relative to intraspecific competition. The maximum population growth rate from a low density in all models is l. The parameters b and c are empirical constants used to set the carrying capac ...
Successful Invasion of a Food Web in a Chemostat
... populations but only m of them have at least one predator. For example, in the food web in Figure 2 there are n = 3 competitors, but only m = 2 of them have at least one predator population. ‘I’= { i,, i, } = { 1,3}. Also, r,, indicates how many predators the i,th competitor has. In Figure 2, compet ...
... populations but only m of them have at least one predator. For example, in the food web in Figure 2 there are n = 3 competitors, but only m = 2 of them have at least one predator population. ‘I’= { i,, i, } = { 1,3}. Also, r,, indicates how many predators the i,th competitor has. In Figure 2, compet ...
Inferring species interactions in ecological communities
... 1. Natural communities commonly contain many different species and functional groups, and multiple types of species interactions act simultaneously, such as competition, predation, commensalism or mutualism. However, experimental and theoretical investigations have generally been limited by focusing ...
... 1. Natural communities commonly contain many different species and functional groups, and multiple types of species interactions act simultaneously, such as competition, predation, commensalism or mutualism. However, experimental and theoretical investigations have generally been limited by focusing ...
Biodiversity effects on productivity and stability of marine macroalgal
... On the other hand, facilitation or partitioning of resources among species might be more common where resources are limited (Brooker and Callaghan 1998, Hooper et al. 2005), increasing complementarity effects. Studies that have crossed resource supply with species richness have so far provided spars ...
... On the other hand, facilitation or partitioning of resources among species might be more common where resources are limited (Brooker and Callaghan 1998, Hooper et al. 2005), increasing complementarity effects. Studies that have crossed resource supply with species richness have so far provided spars ...
Advantages and disadvantages of interferencecompetitive ability
... can be favored because they can more-efficiently use resources that are in short supply in established communities (under an exploitative model), or individuals with large resource requirements can be favored because they are able to overcome resource limitation by seizing resources from established i ...
... can be favored because they can more-efficiently use resources that are in short supply in established communities (under an exploitative model), or individuals with large resource requirements can be favored because they are able to overcome resource limitation by seizing resources from established i ...
Plasticity and trait-mediated indirect interactions among plants
... in a given pool, or community, can be ranked in a linear competitive hierarchy. The strict ‘pecking order’ that results from hierarchical competitive abilities provides a predictive tool for community organization. A transitive, or hierarchical, perspective on assembly rules assumes that communities ...
... in a given pool, or community, can be ranked in a linear competitive hierarchy. The strict ‘pecking order’ that results from hierarchical competitive abilities provides a predictive tool for community organization. A transitive, or hierarchical, perspective on assembly rules assumes that communities ...
Evolutionary diversification, coevolution between populations and
... other locally, although their similar tolerances of environmental conditions might lead to closer association when viewed at broader environmental scales (15, 16). Although these developments are closely allied with earlier ideas about the niche, they also reflect the dual nature of the niche emphasi ...
... other locally, although their similar tolerances of environmental conditions might lead to closer association when viewed at broader environmental scales (15, 16). Although these developments are closely allied with earlier ideas about the niche, they also reflect the dual nature of the niche emphasi ...
6.5 Seedling functional morphology Seedling functional types refer
... Seedling functional types refer to morphology of seedlings in relation to cotyledon function and position. It is a categorical trait that can be used to characterise plant regenerative strategies. The distribution of seedling traits across families is still rather poorly known, although the importan ...
... Seedling functional types refer to morphology of seedlings in relation to cotyledon function and position. It is a categorical trait that can be used to characterise plant regenerative strategies. The distribution of seedling traits across families is still rather poorly known, although the importan ...
Keystone species and food webs - Philosophical Transactions of the
... their topological importance, then keystone species may be quantitatively identified, and the keystone term will no longer be restricted to a ‘yes or no’ quality. This is a key condition of predictability. Topological keystone species may be used as quantitative indicators and may be helpful in sett ...
... their topological importance, then keystone species may be quantitatively identified, and the keystone term will no longer be restricted to a ‘yes or no’ quality. This is a key condition of predictability. Topological keystone species may be used as quantitative indicators and may be helpful in sett ...
Intraspecific priority effects and disease interact to alter population
... Abstract. Intraspecific variation may shape colonization of new habitat patches through a variety of mechanisms. In particular, trait variation among colonizing individuals can produce intraspecific priority effects (IPEs), where early arrivers of a single species affect the establishment or growth of ...
... Abstract. Intraspecific variation may shape colonization of new habitat patches through a variety of mechanisms. In particular, trait variation among colonizing individuals can produce intraspecific priority effects (IPEs), where early arrivers of a single species affect the establishment or growth of ...
Tradeoffs in seedling growth and survival within and across tropical
... are thought to be most apparent during early tree regeneration stages because seedlings are more sensitive to environmental variation than adult trees (Grubb 1977; Poorter 2007). Second, assuming they are well-mixed spatially, common species interact with each other more frequently than do rare spec ...
... are thought to be most apparent during early tree regeneration stages because seedlings are more sensitive to environmental variation than adult trees (Grubb 1977; Poorter 2007). Second, assuming they are well-mixed spatially, common species interact with each other more frequently than do rare spec ...
Environmental Science Final Exam Review Sheet
... Write the equation for photosynthesis. Define entropy. Define producer, consumer, herbivore, carnivore, decomposer, scavenger, and omnivore, and provide an example of each. What is the percentage of energy passed at each level of the food ...
... Write the equation for photosynthesis. Define entropy. Define producer, consumer, herbivore, carnivore, decomposer, scavenger, and omnivore, and provide an example of each. What is the percentage of energy passed at each level of the food ...
Ch5WithgottPPT2
... Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
3.6 M - Thierry Karsenti
... physical sciences. Certainly on one level, there is no information about the natural environment that does not have some applicability to ecology. Ecology is both a biological and an environmental science, something that should certainly be evident from the definition provided above. Many environmen ...
... physical sciences. Certainly on one level, there is no information about the natural environment that does not have some applicability to ecology. Ecology is both a biological and an environmental science, something that should certainly be evident from the definition provided above. Many environmen ...
Speciation
... - Extremely good at what they do, but vulnerable to change • Generalists = species with broad niches that can use a wide array of habitats and resources - Able to live in many different places Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... - Extremely good at what they do, but vulnerable to change • Generalists = species with broad niches that can use a wide array of habitats and resources - Able to live in many different places Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Chapter 50: An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere
... how both contribute to species diversity. 13) Distinguish between a food chain and a food web. 14) Summarize two hypotheses that explain why food chains are relatively short. 15) Explain how dominant and keystone species exert strong control on community structure. Describe an example of each. 16) D ...
... how both contribute to species diversity. 13) Distinguish between a food chain and a food web. 14) Summarize two hypotheses that explain why food chains are relatively short. 15) Explain how dominant and keystone species exert strong control on community structure. Describe an example of each. 16) D ...
The Influence of Predator-Prey Population Dynamics on the Long
... can be compared with the evidence from the fossil record. There has been considerable interest in macro-evolutionary models recently, generated by the claim that extinction dynamics are related to the concept of self-organised criticality (Bak & Sneppen, 1993; Solé et al. 1996; ...
... can be compared with the evidence from the fossil record. There has been considerable interest in macro-evolutionary models recently, generated by the claim that extinction dynamics are related to the concept of self-organised criticality (Bak & Sneppen, 1993; Solé et al. 1996; ...
"Species Richness: Small Scale". In: Encyclopedia of Life Sciences
... communities. The factors related to these patterns of smallscale species richness include (1) geographic factors such as scale of observation, available species pool and dispersal patterns, (2) biotic factors such as competition or predation and (3) abiotic environmental factors such as site resourc ...
... communities. The factors related to these patterns of smallscale species richness include (1) geographic factors such as scale of observation, available species pool and dispersal patterns, (2) biotic factors such as competition or predation and (3) abiotic environmental factors such as site resourc ...
Invasiveness, invasibility and the role of environmental
... species. Blossey & Nötzold (1995) have hypothesized that non-natives evolve to become more invasive because they lack herbivores. Selection for allocation of plant resources to defense is relaxed, which allows selection for higher growth rates and hence competitive ability. There is some evidence in ...
... species. Blossey & Nötzold (1995) have hypothesized that non-natives evolve to become more invasive because they lack herbivores. Selection for allocation of plant resources to defense is relaxed, which allows selection for higher growth rates and hence competitive ability. There is some evidence in ...
Tree species richness promotes productivity in temperate forests
... From stem diameter at breast height, the sizes of other tree compartments (e.g. foliage, roots) and total aboveground biomass are estimated using allometric equations, which partly respond to changing competition and thus to diversity changes (Bugmann 1994; Didion et al. 2009). Species coexistence i ...
... From stem diameter at breast height, the sizes of other tree compartments (e.g. foliage, roots) and total aboveground biomass are estimated using allometric equations, which partly respond to changing competition and thus to diversity changes (Bugmann 1994; Didion et al. 2009). Species coexistence i ...