An African grassland responds similarly to long
... processes in the long-term, because traits of the initial dominants may be unrelated to the long-term outcome of competition [2]. Such priority effects can arise from a variety of factors, including changes in sward structure, litter levels and light availability [5]. One of the ways to minimize pri ...
... processes in the long-term, because traits of the initial dominants may be unrelated to the long-term outcome of competition [2]. Such priority effects can arise from a variety of factors, including changes in sward structure, litter levels and light availability [5]. One of the ways to minimize pri ...
An examination of multiple factors affecting community structure in
... and experimental communities (Cortwright 1987). The design included amphibian larvae and two predaceous insects common in the study and nearby ponds in 1984. Specific predictions were: (1) R. sylvatica and A. jeffersonianum survivorship should be least in the presence of larval A. opacum predators, ...
... and experimental communities (Cortwright 1987). The design included amphibian larvae and two predaceous insects common in the study and nearby ponds in 1984. Specific predictions were: (1) R. sylvatica and A. jeffersonianum survivorship should be least in the presence of larval A. opacum predators, ...
How Habitat Edges Change Species Interactions
... An "edge" is one of those ecological features that is hard to define verbally but yet immediately recognizable to observers in the field. Edges are often identifiable as the boundaries separating regions featuring different species of stationary organisms (e.g., mature trees vs. early successional s ...
... An "edge" is one of those ecological features that is hard to define verbally but yet immediately recognizable to observers in the field. Edges are often identifiable as the boundaries separating regions featuring different species of stationary organisms (e.g., mature trees vs. early successional s ...
ppt
... hosts); typically much larger and have longer generation times than microparasites; immune response in hosts is typically absent or very shortlived; infections are often chronic as hosts are continually reinfected; examples include: helminths and arthropods Parasitoids – insects whose larvae develop ...
... hosts); typically much larger and have longer generation times than microparasites; immune response in hosts is typically absent or very shortlived; infections are often chronic as hosts are continually reinfected; examples include: helminths and arthropods Parasitoids – insects whose larvae develop ...
Extinction thresholds: insights from simple models
... model, and we have learned the existence of an extinction threshold despite some habitat is still available. We have also learned that this extinction threshold can be predicted as the long-term regional abundance when all habitat is available. That is, we do not need any demographic information. Ho ...
... model, and we have learned the existence of an extinction threshold despite some habitat is still available. We have also learned that this extinction threshold can be predicted as the long-term regional abundance when all habitat is available. That is, we do not need any demographic information. Ho ...
Here - Tylianakis Lab Group
... and Loreau 2007, Richards and Schmidt 2010). Hence, functional complementarity can be understood as a community-level descriptor, which increases when species at the same trophic level differ from each other in the resources they use. Moreover, interaction patterns within food webs could also inform ...
... and Loreau 2007, Richards and Schmidt 2010). Hence, functional complementarity can be understood as a community-level descriptor, which increases when species at the same trophic level differ from each other in the resources they use. Moreover, interaction patterns within food webs could also inform ...
Time course of plant diversity effects on
... to be more important in influencing invader success than diversity. Invading plant individuals are often more limited by species of the same than of other functional groups, as those may show very similar requirements (Fargione et al. 2003; Mwangi et al. 2007; Turnbull et al. 2005; but see Prieur-Ri ...
... to be more important in influencing invader success than diversity. Invading plant individuals are often more limited by species of the same than of other functional groups, as those may show very similar requirements (Fargione et al. 2003; Mwangi et al. 2007; Turnbull et al. 2005; but see Prieur-Ri ...
How variation between individuals affects species coexistence
... amount of intraspecific variation, and we relax this assumption in a subsequent analysis. We describe individual variation in competitive sensitivity with symmetric, four-parameter beta distributions, which allows us to define reasonable positive minimum and maximum values for r (Appendix S3). Our q ...
... amount of intraspecific variation, and we relax this assumption in a subsequent analysis. We describe individual variation in competitive sensitivity with symmetric, four-parameter beta distributions, which allows us to define reasonable positive minimum and maximum values for r (Appendix S3). Our q ...
Acinonyx jubatus success and diet breadth Jamie Smith
... Cheetahs typically hunt in grasslands, and most studies take place in these open prairies (Schaller 1972, Durant et al. 1988, Fitzgibbon 1990, Laurenson 1995, Durant 1998). However, a study by Broomhall (2001) has shown that cheetahs can inhabit thickets and wooded areas, possibly to a) exploit high ...
... Cheetahs typically hunt in grasslands, and most studies take place in these open prairies (Schaller 1972, Durant et al. 1988, Fitzgibbon 1990, Laurenson 1995, Durant 1998). However, a study by Broomhall (2001) has shown that cheetahs can inhabit thickets and wooded areas, possibly to a) exploit high ...
Variable elements of metacommunity structure across an aquatic
... We employed the official EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) multi-habitat sampling protocols (Haase et al. 2004) to sample benthic invertebrates. This method enables coverage of the range of microhabitat conditions present at a site, by taking 20 sub-samples representative to their coverage. Samples ...
... We employed the official EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) multi-habitat sampling protocols (Haase et al. 2004) to sample benthic invertebrates. This method enables coverage of the range of microhabitat conditions present at a site, by taking 20 sub-samples representative to their coverage. Samples ...
Species diversity patterns derived from species
... largely on empirical observations, is that species richness decreases with the increase of species dominance in a given area, i.e., with the increase in unevenness in species abundances (Bazzaz 1975, Huston 1979, Armesto and Pickett 1985, Crawley 1997). We may call this species-dominance relationshi ...
... largely on empirical observations, is that species richness decreases with the increase of species dominance in a given area, i.e., with the increase in unevenness in species abundances (Bazzaz 1975, Huston 1979, Armesto and Pickett 1985, Crawley 1997). We may call this species-dominance relationshi ...
Dynamics of Blowfly Populations
... The application of the Prout and McChesney model to investigate blowfly population dynamics resulted in a twopoint limit cycle (Fig. 1A) for the exotic species, C. albiceps, C. megacephala, and C. putoria (Godoy et al. 2001). For the native species C. macellaria and L. eximia, a monotonic stable equ ...
... The application of the Prout and McChesney model to investigate blowfly population dynamics resulted in a twopoint limit cycle (Fig. 1A) for the exotic species, C. albiceps, C. megacephala, and C. putoria (Godoy et al. 2001). For the native species C. macellaria and L. eximia, a monotonic stable equ ...
Effects of disturbance by Siberian marmots (Marmota sibirica) on
... grazing, which is then referred to as “homogeneous grazing”. Thus, at our site the patch-grazing scenario was played out at a fine scale, and the homogeneous grazing scenario was played out by the marmot at a coarse scale. This is because although the marmots could be selective in their choice of pl ...
... grazing, which is then referred to as “homogeneous grazing”. Thus, at our site the patch-grazing scenario was played out at a fine scale, and the homogeneous grazing scenario was played out by the marmot at a coarse scale. This is because although the marmots could be selective in their choice of pl ...
ecological opportunity and phenotypic plasticity
... Key words: amphibians; biogeography; competition; competitive exclusion; local adaptation; resource polymorphism. ...
... Key words: amphibians; biogeography; competition; competitive exclusion; local adaptation; resource polymorphism. ...
Adaptive Speciation: Theory and Evolutionary Experiments
... Evolutionary branching (evolutionary convergence to fitness minima) is a generic outcome of frequency-dependent interactions due to competition, predation, and mutualism. (First models of evolutionary branching in the late 90’s; to date over 40 publications reporting evolutionary branching, many mor ...
... Evolutionary branching (evolutionary convergence to fitness minima) is a generic outcome of frequency-dependent interactions due to competition, predation, and mutualism. (First models of evolutionary branching in the late 90’s; to date over 40 publications reporting evolutionary branching, many mor ...
Engage - NC Science Wiki
... to compete for limited resources of food, water, space and shelter. Some species, however, have symbiotic relationships in which interactions benefit longterm survival of one or both species. The interconnectedness of populations means that change in one population within a community of living thing ...
... to compete for limited resources of food, water, space and shelter. Some species, however, have symbiotic relationships in which interactions benefit longterm survival of one or both species. The interconnectedness of populations means that change in one population within a community of living thing ...
Population Dynamics of Pathogens with Multiple Host Species
... would settle to its carrying capacity in the absence of the pathogen (there is no direct competition between the hosts). The contour lines give th ...
... would settle to its carrying capacity in the absence of the pathogen (there is no direct competition between the hosts). The contour lines give th ...
How do seagrasses grow and spread?
... in annual Z. marina populations developing at the intertidal zone. The reproductive effort of seagrasses can be highly variable between years and among populations, and episodic mass flowering can occur in connection to climatic extremes, such as the massive flowering of Posidonia oceanica in connec ...
... in annual Z. marina populations developing at the intertidal zone. The reproductive effort of seagrasses can be highly variable between years and among populations, and episodic mass flowering can occur in connection to climatic extremes, such as the massive flowering of Posidonia oceanica in connec ...
Trophic complementarity drives the biodiversityecosystem
... A and C are interaction matrices representing, respectively, the bipartite networks for predation and resource consumption, in which the consuming organisms (predators and consumers respectively) are in rows, and the consumed organisms (consumers and resources respectively) are in columns. Values wi ...
... A and C are interaction matrices representing, respectively, the bipartite networks for predation and resource consumption, in which the consuming organisms (predators and consumers respectively) are in rows, and the consumed organisms (consumers and resources respectively) are in columns. Values wi ...
... of diversity on ecosystem processes (Schulze and Mooney 1993) and on ecosystem services essential to society (Daily 1997). Moreover, the disciplines of population, community, and ecosystem ecology, which diverged markedly in the 1970s and 1980s, were undergoing a synthesis and reunification (e.g., V ...
Processes of ecometric patterning: modelling functional traits
... their integument cover, gas exchange surfaces, locomotor morphology and masticatory mechanics and therefore respond differently to factors like ambient temperature, oxygen concentration, physical topography, predator abundance, and food quality. Functional traits are the tangible features of organis ...
... their integument cover, gas exchange surfaces, locomotor morphology and masticatory mechanics and therefore respond differently to factors like ambient temperature, oxygen concentration, physical topography, predator abundance, and food quality. Functional traits are the tangible features of organis ...