Population Ecology
... Population Density - Number of individuals per unit area or volume. Population Distribution - Pattern of dispersal of individuals within the area of interest. – Ecologists want to analyze and discover what causes the spatial and temporal “patchiness” of organisms. Limiting Factors are factors that ...
... Population Density - Number of individuals per unit area or volume. Population Distribution - Pattern of dispersal of individuals within the area of interest. – Ecologists want to analyze and discover what causes the spatial and temporal “patchiness” of organisms. Limiting Factors are factors that ...
The importance of crustacean zooplankton in
... (Sommer et al., 1986) and there have been many attempts to uncover the forces driving population dynamics in the field. Seasonal succession in phytoplankton and zooplankton species has been extensively studied. In the latter group, there is a distinct skewness towards crustacean successional pattern ...
... (Sommer et al., 1986) and there have been many attempts to uncover the forces driving population dynamics in the field. Seasonal succession in phytoplankton and zooplankton species has been extensively studied. In the latter group, there is a distinct skewness towards crustacean successional pattern ...
More than a meal integrating nonfeeding interactions into food webs
... Although attention to non-trophic interactions in ecological networks has been sparse, these interactions have been included in several models of species interactions. Competition among organisms that use a common resource (termed Ôexploitation competitionÕ ), for example, is probably one of the mos ...
... Although attention to non-trophic interactions in ecological networks has been sparse, these interactions have been included in several models of species interactions. Competition among organisms that use a common resource (termed Ôexploitation competitionÕ ), for example, is probably one of the mos ...
More than a meal integrating nonfeeding interactions into food webs
... Although attention to non-trophic interactions in ecological networks has been sparse, these interactions have been included in several models of species interactions. Competition among organisms that use a common resource (termed Ôexploitation competitionÕ ), for example, is probably one of the mos ...
... Although attention to non-trophic interactions in ecological networks has been sparse, these interactions have been included in several models of species interactions. Competition among organisms that use a common resource (termed Ôexploitation competitionÕ ), for example, is probably one of the mos ...
Trait selection during food web assembly
... slightly different models to assess the sensitivity of trait selection to model formulation and hypotheses. We then add one trophic level (i.e., herbivores, Fig. 1b, c) and compare trait distributions at the end of the assembly process in the presence or absence of herbivores to answer Q2. To answer ...
... slightly different models to assess the sensitivity of trait selection to model formulation and hypotheses. We then add one trophic level (i.e., herbivores, Fig. 1b, c) and compare trait distributions at the end of the assembly process in the presence or absence of herbivores to answer Q2. To answer ...
secondary succession in an experimentally fragmented
... Distance effects on succession.—The distance of isolated patches from source pools of potential colonists should strongly affect succession (Dzwonko 1993, Grashof-Bokdam and Geertsema 1998, Butaye et al. 2001), both directly and as a modulator of local mechanisms driving succession. Plants with ligh ...
... Distance effects on succession.—The distance of isolated patches from source pools of potential colonists should strongly affect succession (Dzwonko 1993, Grashof-Bokdam and Geertsema 1998, Butaye et al. 2001), both directly and as a modulator of local mechanisms driving succession. Plants with ligh ...
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
... merely with its presence as any new organism added to the resident community; thus its impact may be derived through its density, size, fitness, or longevity (attributes that are relevant to measure for all invasions). In the first example, the organism's genetic identity is important (only the lionfis ...
... merely with its presence as any new organism added to the resident community; thus its impact may be derived through its density, size, fitness, or longevity (attributes that are relevant to measure for all invasions). In the first example, the organism's genetic identity is important (only the lionfis ...
COEVOLUTION DRIVES TEMPORAL CHANGES IN FITNESS AND
... should decrease over time due to the action of natural selection, because selection is expected to erode genetic variation in fitness. We also predicted that there should be genotypic differences in competitive ability, which should also be environment-dependent, because the outcome of competition w ...
... should decrease over time due to the action of natural selection, because selection is expected to erode genetic variation in fitness. We also predicted that there should be genotypic differences in competitive ability, which should also be environment-dependent, because the outcome of competition w ...
Biotic resistance and facilitation of a non
... exponential rate of decline in numbers. ANCOVA requires that several factors acting independently have additive effects on a dependent variable: biologically, joint effects on survival are inherently multiplicative, not additive (i.e. mortality cannot exceed 100%), but joint effects on the exponenti ...
... exponential rate of decline in numbers. ANCOVA requires that several factors acting independently have additive effects on a dependent variable: biologically, joint effects on survival are inherently multiplicative, not additive (i.e. mortality cannot exceed 100%), but joint effects on the exponenti ...
1 - Biology Department | UNC Chapel Hill
... Exotic species as community structure probes ..................................................................... 41 12.1 The nature of exotic species ............................................................................................. 41 12.2 Exotic establishment and community assembly... ...
... Exotic species as community structure probes ..................................................................... 41 12.1 The nature of exotic species ............................................................................................. 41 12.2 Exotic establishment and community assembly... ...
Chapter 5
... In local populations, such as the population of the United States, the number of births, deaths, immigrants, and emigrants affects population size. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. ...
... In local populations, such as the population of the United States, the number of births, deaths, immigrants, and emigrants affects population size. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. ...
Slide 1
... Terrestrial mollusks can have negative and positive effects on ecosystems. Slugs have been found to have negative effects on seedling establishment (Scheidel, 2005; Hanley 1995), vegetation biomass and diversity (Buschmann 2004) and positive effects on litter consumption and nutrient cycling (Jennin ...
... Terrestrial mollusks can have negative and positive effects on ecosystems. Slugs have been found to have negative effects on seedling establishment (Scheidel, 2005; Hanley 1995), vegetation biomass and diversity (Buschmann 2004) and positive effects on litter consumption and nutrient cycling (Jennin ...
Name of indicator 3.10 Zooplankton mean size vs. total stock (MSTS)
... Zooplankton has a crucial role in the pelagic food web dynamics: it transfers energy from primary producers to a form utilizable by fish. Zooplankton is affected by changes in primary production, indicative of eutrophication, and by changes in the structure and abundance of the fish community, indic ...
... Zooplankton has a crucial role in the pelagic food web dynamics: it transfers energy from primary producers to a form utilizable by fish. Zooplankton is affected by changes in primary production, indicative of eutrophication, and by changes in the structure and abundance of the fish community, indic ...
Tidal power and the aquatic environment of La Rance
... Clupea harengus and a nursery ground for others (Pollachius pollachius). Catadromous eels (Anguilla anguilla, Conger conger) enter as larvae and leave to breed. Not less than 30 fish species are confirmed breeders in the area. Studies on the biology of many species of fish (Le Mao, 1985), suggest th ...
... Clupea harengus and a nursery ground for others (Pollachius pollachius). Catadromous eels (Anguilla anguilla, Conger conger) enter as larvae and leave to breed. Not less than 30 fish species are confirmed breeders in the area. Studies on the biology of many species of fish (Le Mao, 1985), suggest th ...
Intraspecific trait variation and colonization sequence alter
... When individuals from multiple populations colonize a new habitat patch, intraspecific trait variation can make the arrival order of colonists an important factor for subsequent population and community dynamics. In particular, intraspecific priority effects (IPEs) allow early arrivers to limit the ...
... When individuals from multiple populations colonize a new habitat patch, intraspecific trait variation can make the arrival order of colonists an important factor for subsequent population and community dynamics. In particular, intraspecific priority effects (IPEs) allow early arrivers to limit the ...
stage structure - Rice University
... can transcend the population level to influence the structure and dynamics of multi-species assemblages. Here, we synthesize recent advances in understanding of how stage structure can influence communities consisting of consumers (or predators) and resources (or prey). We identify the features of s ...
... can transcend the population level to influence the structure and dynamics of multi-species assemblages. Here, we synthesize recent advances in understanding of how stage structure can influence communities consisting of consumers (or predators) and resources (or prey). We identify the features of s ...
The Genotypic View of Social Interactions in Microbial Communities
... across all phylogenetic scales. Despite increased complexity, we reduce the theory to a simple null model that we call the genotypic view. This states that cooperation will occur when cells are surrounded by identical genotypes at the loci that drive interactions, with genetic identity coming from r ...
... across all phylogenetic scales. Despite increased complexity, we reduce the theory to a simple null model that we call the genotypic view. This states that cooperation will occur when cells are surrounded by identical genotypes at the loci that drive interactions, with genetic identity coming from r ...
Persist or Produce: A Community Trade-Off Tuned by Species
... The niche width was chosen such that the average interspecific niche overlap was within the range [0:05, 0:3]. The results are qualitatively robust to changes in the dimension of the niche space (results not shown). Second, because our aim is to study the association imposed by the Lotka-Volterra mod ...
... The niche width was chosen such that the average interspecific niche overlap was within the range [0:05, 0:3]. The results are qualitatively robust to changes in the dimension of the niche space (results not shown). Second, because our aim is to study the association imposed by the Lotka-Volterra mod ...
Interactions among invaders: community and ecosystem effects of
... impacts remains limited (Pyšek et al. 2008), particularly at scales extending beyond the population level (see Parker et al. 1999). When community or ecosystem-level changes are associated with an invasion, the direct and indirect mechanisms responsible are often unknown or confounded by other form ...
... impacts remains limited (Pyšek et al. 2008), particularly at scales extending beyond the population level (see Parker et al. 1999). When community or ecosystem-level changes are associated with an invasion, the direct and indirect mechanisms responsible are often unknown or confounded by other form ...
D 56. Shachak et al. 2008. Woody sp.as landscape modulators
... Ecological research on organism-environment interactions has developed asymmetrically. Modulation of organisms by the environment has received much attention, while theoretical studies on the environmental impact of organisms have until recently been limited. We propose a theoretical framework for s ...
... Ecological research on organism-environment interactions has developed asymmetrically. Modulation of organisms by the environment has received much attention, while theoretical studies on the environmental impact of organisms have until recently been limited. We propose a theoretical framework for s ...
Artificial Regeneration
... – Site preparation must break and mix the seedbed – Inefficient use of high-value and genetically improved seed – Stands have irregular spacing and arrangement ...
... – Site preparation must break and mix the seedbed – Inefficient use of high-value and genetically improved seed – Stands have irregular spacing and arrangement ...
Ecosystems and Living Organisms
... Brown anole eventually out-competed the green anole for resources Drove out green anole, thereby reducing the green anole’s realized niche ...
... Brown anole eventually out-competed the green anole for resources Drove out green anole, thereby reducing the green anole’s realized niche ...
Spatial dynamics of Norwegian tetraonid populations
... Norwegian tetraonid species covering 24 years to examine patterns of interspecific and intraspecific synchrony. We estimated synchrony at three spatial scales; national, regional (consisting of counties with similar climate), and county level. Ecologically related species with overlapping distribution ...
... Norwegian tetraonid species covering 24 years to examine patterns of interspecific and intraspecific synchrony. We estimated synchrony at three spatial scales; national, regional (consisting of counties with similar climate), and county level. Ecologically related species with overlapping distribution ...
Ecological Assessment of Selenium in the Aquatic Environment
... •• Differences in species sensitivities to Se may be related to differences in reproductive physiology, dynamics of Se transfer from diet or body tissues to eggs, and/or differences in capacity to metabolize organic Se to more reactive oxidized species. •• Protection of top predators may not guarant ...
... •• Differences in species sensitivities to Se may be related to differences in reproductive physiology, dynamics of Se transfer from diet or body tissues to eggs, and/or differences in capacity to metabolize organic Se to more reactive oxidized species. •• Protection of top predators may not guarant ...