Carbon and Macromolecules Notes
... Hydrocarbons are the result of Carbon having four unpaired valence electrons Therefore, Carbon prefers to bond with four other atoms/compounds This results in a large variety of compounds from methane to complex carbohydrates. Other Common Hydrocarbon Compounds: o Propane o Butane o Octane ( ...
... Hydrocarbons are the result of Carbon having four unpaired valence electrons Therefore, Carbon prefers to bond with four other atoms/compounds This results in a large variety of compounds from methane to complex carbohydrates. Other Common Hydrocarbon Compounds: o Propane o Butane o Octane ( ...
A Level Biology Nucleic Acids
... polynucleotide strands breaking DNA unwinding and breaking its hydrogen bonds (and the role of DNA helicase in this) attraction of new DNA nucleotides to exposed bases on template strands and base pairing the condensation reaction that joins adjacent nucleotides (and the role of DNA polymerase in th ...
... polynucleotide strands breaking DNA unwinding and breaking its hydrogen bonds (and the role of DNA helicase in this) attraction of new DNA nucleotides to exposed bases on template strands and base pairing the condensation reaction that joins adjacent nucleotides (and the role of DNA polymerase in th ...
CHAPTER 39: The Genetic Code
... 3. The code has “no” punctuation. 4. The code has directionality. 5. The code is degenerate. ...
... 3. The code has “no” punctuation. 4. The code has directionality. 5. The code is degenerate. ...
Ch. 3 Vocabs
... functional group: the portion of a molecule that is active in a chemical reaction and that determines the properties of many organic compounds monomer: a simple molecule that can combine with other like or unlike molecules to make a polymer polymer: a large molecule that is formed by more than ...
... functional group: the portion of a molecule that is active in a chemical reaction and that determines the properties of many organic compounds monomer: a simple molecule that can combine with other like or unlike molecules to make a polymer polymer: a large molecule that is formed by more than ...
DNA lecture Notes
... only with T and C only with G. • This will help explain how it copies itself Why does adenine only bond with thymine? Cytosine with guanine? ...
... only with T and C only with G. • This will help explain how it copies itself Why does adenine only bond with thymine? Cytosine with guanine? ...
The Nucleus, Chromosomes and Genes
... Proteins are made from amino acids. There are about 20 of these. The exact order of amino acids in a protein decides what job it can do. ...
... Proteins are made from amino acids. There are about 20 of these. The exact order of amino acids in a protein decides what job it can do. ...
2009 Dental Biochemistry (Questions)
... The importance of glutamate being formed as the result of transamination is that A) this can lead directly to the production of ATP. B) this occurs in the mitochondrion under conditions of prolonged starvation. C) this leads to the production of glutamine in the kidney, which is the way humans gene ...
... The importance of glutamate being formed as the result of transamination is that A) this can lead directly to the production of ATP. B) this occurs in the mitochondrion under conditions of prolonged starvation. C) this leads to the production of glutamine in the kidney, which is the way humans gene ...
Gene to Protein
... to produce proteins are stockpiled in the cytoplasm 2. these amino acids are either synthesized by the body or the amino acids are absorbed from the diet 3. a recipe arrives in the cytoplasm containing the order that the amino acids should be assembled in 4. the order is present in the sequence of c ...
... to produce proteins are stockpiled in the cytoplasm 2. these amino acids are either synthesized by the body or the amino acids are absorbed from the diet 3. a recipe arrives in the cytoplasm containing the order that the amino acids should be assembled in 4. the order is present in the sequence of c ...
Genetic Engineering
... specific genes in the cells of living organisms causing them to produce new or unusual substances • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): uses DNA polymerase to create thousands of copies of a gene ...
... specific genes in the cells of living organisms causing them to produce new or unusual substances • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): uses DNA polymerase to create thousands of copies of a gene ...
MCA Review Part 3 File
... 1. Variation: the heritable differences, or variations, that exist in population are the basics for evolution 2. Overproduction: results in competition between offspring for resources 3. Adaptation: sometimes a certain trait allows an individual to survive better than others, these individuals are “ ...
... 1. Variation: the heritable differences, or variations, that exist in population are the basics for evolution 2. Overproduction: results in competition between offspring for resources 3. Adaptation: sometimes a certain trait allows an individual to survive better than others, these individuals are “ ...
Chapter 11: Organization of DNA in Eukaryotes 11.2: mtDNA
... Human mtDNA does NOT have introns. Introns are non-coding SEQUENCES of the double helix. The absence of INTRONS in human mtDNA means that mutations will have a greater impact because all of the information is needed for normal cell structure and function; there is no “fluff” What does human mtDNA co ...
... Human mtDNA does NOT have introns. Introns are non-coding SEQUENCES of the double helix. The absence of INTRONS in human mtDNA means that mutations will have a greater impact because all of the information is needed for normal cell structure and function; there is no “fluff” What does human mtDNA co ...
Lecture 14
... pH when alkali was used to denature it, each strand will, after a time, find its complementary strand. The two strands will ‘zipper’ back together to re-form a double stranded DNA molecule. This ability of complementary sequences to anneal, or hybridize, to one another is called nucleic acid hybridi ...
... pH when alkali was used to denature it, each strand will, after a time, find its complementary strand. The two strands will ‘zipper’ back together to re-form a double stranded DNA molecule. This ability of complementary sequences to anneal, or hybridize, to one another is called nucleic acid hybridi ...
SURFIN` THROUGH STAAR
... a. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) b. glucose c. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ...
... a. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) b. glucose c. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ...
Genomics and Forensics - MCCC Faculty & Staff Web Pages
... Use the 1% to 0.1% that is different in DNA identification methods This small percentage leads to a unique DNA fingerprint; also called DNA typing or profiling ...
... Use the 1% to 0.1% that is different in DNA identification methods This small percentage leads to a unique DNA fingerprint; also called DNA typing or profiling ...
4. Protein Synthesis and Biotechnology
... translate mRNAs to make protein.) Freely floating amino acids within the cytoplasm are bonded to specific transfer RNAs (tRNAs) that then transport the amino acid to the mRNA now located on the ribosome. As a ribosome moves along the mRNA strand, each mRNA codon, or sequence of three nucleotides spe ...
... translate mRNAs to make protein.) Freely floating amino acids within the cytoplasm are bonded to specific transfer RNAs (tRNAs) that then transport the amino acid to the mRNA now located on the ribosome. As a ribosome moves along the mRNA strand, each mRNA codon, or sequence of three nucleotides spe ...
DNA and Protein Synthesisx
... CUU GCA UAU GAC Use the genetic code to identify the three “stop” codons. ...
... CUU GCA UAU GAC Use the genetic code to identify the three “stop” codons. ...
Unit 5 DNA/RNA/PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
... Translation is the process of interpreting the genetic message and building the protein and begins when the mRNA attaches to a ribosome, which contains proteins and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), in the cytoplasm. The function of ribosomes is to assemble proteins according to the code that the mRNA brings ...
... Translation is the process of interpreting the genetic message and building the protein and begins when the mRNA attaches to a ribosome, which contains proteins and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), in the cytoplasm. The function of ribosomes is to assemble proteins according to the code that the mRNA brings ...
RNA - Humble ISD
... separates strands, then uses one strand as a template to assemble an RNA copy. ...
... separates strands, then uses one strand as a template to assemble an RNA copy. ...
RNA - Gulf Coast State College
... • Students will explain the basic processes of transcription and/or translation, and their roles in the expression of genes. • Students will explain that the basic components of DNA are universal in organisms. • Students will explain how similarities in the genetic codes of organisms are due to comm ...
... • Students will explain the basic processes of transcription and/or translation, and their roles in the expression of genes. • Students will explain that the basic components of DNA are universal in organisms. • Students will explain how similarities in the genetic codes of organisms are due to comm ...
RNA - Gulf Coast State College
... • Students will explain the basic processes of transcription and/or translation, and their roles in the expression of genes. • Students will explain that the basic components of DNA are universal in organisms. • Students will explain how similarities in the genetic codes of organisms are due to comm ...
... • Students will explain the basic processes of transcription and/or translation, and their roles in the expression of genes. • Students will explain that the basic components of DNA are universal in organisms. • Students will explain how similarities in the genetic codes of organisms are due to comm ...
Nucleic acid analogue
Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.