Basic molecular genetics for epidemiologists
... N Malats, Institut Municipal d’Investigació Mèdica, Barcelona, Spain ...
... N Malats, Institut Municipal d’Investigació Mèdica, Barcelona, Spain ...
polymerase chain reaction
... Dideoxy Method of DNA Sequencing 1) A modified form of the normal deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) is used. 2) The modified form is called a dideoxy- because its 3’ hydroxyl is removed which prevents elongation of the DNA strand. 3) These dideoxy’s are also tagged with a particular molecule ...
... Dideoxy Method of DNA Sequencing 1) A modified form of the normal deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) is used. 2) The modified form is called a dideoxy- because its 3’ hydroxyl is removed which prevents elongation of the DNA strand. 3) These dideoxy’s are also tagged with a particular molecule ...
PYRIMIDINE METABOLISM
... There are basically two types of salvage. The first involves attachment of the base to PRPP with the formation of pyrophosphate. This pathway is available for salvage of purines and uracil but not for cytosine or thymine. The other pathway involves attachment of the base to ribose 1-phosphate, which ...
... There are basically two types of salvage. The first involves attachment of the base to PRPP with the formation of pyrophosphate. This pathway is available for salvage of purines and uracil but not for cytosine or thymine. The other pathway involves attachment of the base to ribose 1-phosphate, which ...
Crystal structure of Cas9 in complex with guide RNA and target DNA
... technology, which works effectively in various types of cells and organisms. Catalytically dead or inactive Cas9 (referred to as dCas9) can serve as an RNAguided genome-targeting platform, and dCas9-based new technologies, such as those for transcription regulation and chromatin imaging, have also b ...
... technology, which works effectively in various types of cells and organisms. Catalytically dead or inactive Cas9 (referred to as dCas9) can serve as an RNAguided genome-targeting platform, and dCas9-based new technologies, such as those for transcription regulation and chromatin imaging, have also b ...
Chap 3 Recombinant DNA Technology
... light. The light intensity can be recorded and quantified. Firefly luciferase is often used. ...
... light. The light intensity can be recorded and quantified. Firefly luciferase is often used. ...
Viruses - nicolehebertscience
... Viruses can only reproduce by infecting a host cell. Viruses do not grow, instead they are assembled. Viruses are not made of cells. Viruses do not carry out metabolic processes to maintain ...
... Viruses can only reproduce by infecting a host cell. Viruses do not grow, instead they are assembled. Viruses are not made of cells. Viruses do not carry out metabolic processes to maintain ...
Student Materials - Scope, Sequence, and Coordination
... 4. If you were to make a DNA molecule with six amino acids, do you think that any other team in the room would make the identical molecule? Justify your answer. 5. Many of the amino acids have more than one triplet to code for. Some will have as many as six different codes. Why do you think that it ...
... 4. If you were to make a DNA molecule with six amino acids, do you think that any other team in the room would make the identical molecule? Justify your answer. 5. Many of the amino acids have more than one triplet to code for. Some will have as many as six different codes. Why do you think that it ...
Answers questions chapter 12
... Despite the many differences between the two processes, CSSR and transposition share the same overall steps. First, specialized proteins called recombinases recognize specific recombination sites within the DNA; second, the recombinases bring the sites together to form a synaptic complex; and, third ...
... Despite the many differences between the two processes, CSSR and transposition share the same overall steps. First, specialized proteins called recombinases recognize specific recombination sites within the DNA; second, the recombinases bring the sites together to form a synaptic complex; and, third ...
CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS
... Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Write your name, Centre number and candidate number on the answer sheet in the spaces provided unless this has been done for you. There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four p ...
... Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Write your name, Centre number and candidate number on the answer sheet in the spaces provided unless this has been done for you. There are forty questions on this paper. Answer all questions. For each question there are four p ...
Unity of Life
... the same 20 amino acids are always used, and only left-handed ones a universal genetic code DNA triplets coding for same amino acid the use of proteins and lipids to make membranes the use of the ATP-ADP cycle for chemical energy. ...
... the same 20 amino acids are always used, and only left-handed ones a universal genetic code DNA triplets coding for same amino acid the use of proteins and lipids to make membranes the use of the ATP-ADP cycle for chemical energy. ...
Chapter 2: Biochemistry
... The fats that are solid at room temperature are just referred to as fats. The fats that are liquid at room temperature are referred to as oils. If all the carbonto-carbon bonds are single bonds, that fat is said to be saturated. If one or more pairs of carbon are joined by a double or even triple b ...
... The fats that are solid at room temperature are just referred to as fats. The fats that are liquid at room temperature are referred to as oils. If all the carbonto-carbon bonds are single bonds, that fat is said to be saturated. If one or more pairs of carbon are joined by a double or even triple b ...
Unit 04 Part III - Doral Academy Preparatory
... This is when a gene is introduced into a patient to help them recover from a disease. It could be used to help those suffering from cystic fibrosis. Only the patient is affected and so there are few ethical concerns. ...
... This is when a gene is introduced into a patient to help them recover from a disease. It could be used to help those suffering from cystic fibrosis. Only the patient is affected and so there are few ethical concerns. ...
Transformation
... Transformation :is a process in which cells take up foreign DNA from their environment. bacteria take up exogenous (foreign) DNA and produce the genetic products (proteins) encoded in the foreign DNA. Under proper conditions, a cell that is incubated with plasmid DNA can absorb the plasmid into i ...
... Transformation :is a process in which cells take up foreign DNA from their environment. bacteria take up exogenous (foreign) DNA and produce the genetic products (proteins) encoded in the foreign DNA. Under proper conditions, a cell that is incubated with plasmid DNA can absorb the plasmid into i ...
Chapter_10_HB_Molecular_Biology
... • RNA differs structurally from DNA – RNA is single stranded – RNA uses the sugar ribose – RNA uses the nitrogenous base uracil (U) instead of thymine (T) ...
... • RNA differs structurally from DNA – RNA is single stranded – RNA uses the sugar ribose – RNA uses the nitrogenous base uracil (U) instead of thymine (T) ...
press alert - the Gregor Mendel Institute
... Transposons are parasitic mobile DNA elements, contained in large quantities in plant and animal DNA, which normally move from place to place within the genome, unless inactivated by defense mechanisms such as DNA methylation. But besides acting as harmful mutators, transposons contribute to importa ...
... Transposons are parasitic mobile DNA elements, contained in large quantities in plant and animal DNA, which normally move from place to place within the genome, unless inactivated by defense mechanisms such as DNA methylation. But besides acting as harmful mutators, transposons contribute to importa ...
Fact Sheet 2 | VARIATIONS IN THE GENETIC CODE DNA stands for
... in the DNA code. DNA VARIATIONS Variations in the DNA code can occur during our life for a variety of reasons including exposure to radiation, certain chemicals, by chance or other unknown factors. Ageing is one of the most common causes of genetic variation. Throughout our life, cells grow, divide ...
... in the DNA code. DNA VARIATIONS Variations in the DNA code can occur during our life for a variety of reasons including exposure to radiation, certain chemicals, by chance or other unknown factors. Ageing is one of the most common causes of genetic variation. Throughout our life, cells grow, divide ...
Chapter 10 Protein Synthesis
... Viruses infect organisms by – binding to receptors on a host’s target cell, – injecting viral genetic material into the cell, and – hijacking the cell’s own molecules and organelles to produce new copies of the virus. ...
... Viruses infect organisms by – binding to receptors on a host’s target cell, – injecting viral genetic material into the cell, and – hijacking the cell’s own molecules and organelles to produce new copies of the virus. ...
Biology 115 Lab 10:Gene Technology
... 5′-carbon sugar (deoxyribose) and a nitrogenous base. There are four different nitrogenous bases in DNA: adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. These four bases can be placed into two groups based on the structure of the base. Two of these, adenine and guanine, are in a double-ring structure. Thes ...
... 5′-carbon sugar (deoxyribose) and a nitrogenous base. There are four different nitrogenous bases in DNA: adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine. These four bases can be placed into two groups based on the structure of the base. Two of these, adenine and guanine, are in a double-ring structure. Thes ...
Chapter 11 How Genes are Controlled
... A DNA microarray allows visualization of gene expression. The pattern of glowing spots enables the researcher to determine which genes were being transcribed in the starting cells. Researchers can thus learn which genes are active in different tissues or in tissues from individuals in different ...
... A DNA microarray allows visualization of gene expression. The pattern of glowing spots enables the researcher to determine which genes were being transcribed in the starting cells. Researchers can thus learn which genes are active in different tissues or in tissues from individuals in different ...
DNA measurements in low volume samples
... c = concentration of absorbing substance in solution [mol/l or M] E = substance-specific constant [cm-1 M-1] (extinction coefficient) Absorbance measurements can be performed either for the direct determination of absorbing substances, like for nucleotides and proteins, or for an absorbing dye bound ...
... c = concentration of absorbing substance in solution [mol/l or M] E = substance-specific constant [cm-1 M-1] (extinction coefficient) Absorbance measurements can be performed either for the direct determination of absorbing substances, like for nucleotides and proteins, or for an absorbing dye bound ...
Serine Proteases Teaching Exercises
... a. Find examples of arginine, lysine, glutamic acid and aspartic acid (not that these two acidic amino acids are hard to distinguish from one another). Notice the distribution of charged amino acids. What significance might this distribution have in terms of function? b. Find examples of asparagine/ ...
... a. Find examples of arginine, lysine, glutamic acid and aspartic acid (not that these two acidic amino acids are hard to distinguish from one another). Notice the distribution of charged amino acids. What significance might this distribution have in terms of function? b. Find examples of asparagine/ ...
chapter9_Sections 4-6 - (per 3) and wed 4/24 (per 2,6)
... so some amino acids are specified by more than one codon • Some codons signal the beginning and end of a proteincoding sequence: • AUG (methionine) start translation • UAA, UAG, and UGA are stop codons • The order of mRNA codons determines the order of amino acids in the polypeptide that will be tra ...
... so some amino acids are specified by more than one codon • Some codons signal the beginning and end of a proteincoding sequence: • AUG (methionine) start translation • UAA, UAG, and UGA are stop codons • The order of mRNA codons determines the order of amino acids in the polypeptide that will be tra ...
Nucleic acid analogue
Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.