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Single-molecule studies of DNA replication Geertsema, Hylkje
Single-molecule studies of DNA replication Geertsema, Hylkje

... showed that both leading- and lagging-strand synthesis are resistant to dilution confirming the recycling of replication proteins by the T7 replisome (46). In addition, kinetic studies demonstrated that the T4 replisome is highly processive and potentially able to replicate the entire T4 genome (172 ...
Lecture 35: Basics of DNA Cloning-I
Lecture 35: Basics of DNA Cloning-I

... cohesive ends are generated. These single stranded sticky ends can form hydrogen bond with the complementary DNA sequence from different source. For example, two DNA sequences of different origin both containing EcoR1 restriction site can be ligated if they are digested with the EcoR1 restriction en ...
CHEM 642-09 Powerpoint
CHEM 642-09 Powerpoint

... The standard one-letter abbreviation for each amino acid is presented below its three-letter abbreviation (see Panel 3–1, pp. 132–133, for the full name of each amino acid and its structure). By convention, codons are always written with the 5'- terminal nucleotide to the left. Note that most amino ...
RNA/Protein Purification 96-Well Kit
RNA/Protein Purification 96-Well Kit

... rapid method for the high throughput isolation and purification of total RNA and proteins simultaneously from a single sample of cultured animal cells, small tissue samples, blood, bacteria, yeast, fungi or plants. It is often necessary to isolate total RNA and proteins from a single sample, such as ...
1) - life.illinois.edu
1) - life.illinois.edu

... i). (5 Points). Which mechanism of transposition does this experiment support? Why? (Use a diagram or precise language to explain your answer). The result supports replicative transposition because a transposition event will transfer an element containing a single strand of Tn88-lacZ which is replic ...
Conductivity of Solutions
Conductivity of Solutions

Directions for Use Ribonuclease A (RNase A), 10 mg/mL
Directions for Use Ribonuclease A (RNase A), 10 mg/mL

Crystal structure of human MTH1 and the 8-oxo-dGMP product complex
Crystal structure of human MTH1 and the 8-oxo-dGMP product complex

... and the two proteins most likely utilize a conserved site for substrate hydrolysis. Glu100, Glu56 and Glu52 are positioned where they can coordinate a divalent cation needed for activity (Figure 2A). These residues are clustered close to the position of the α-phosphate of 8-oxo-dGMP. The product com ...
Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

... between deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid. 2. Instead of using the nucleotide thymine, RNA uses another nucleotide called uracil: 3. Because of the extra hydroxyl group on the sugar, RNA is too bulky to form a stable double helix. RNA exists as a single-stranded molecule. However, regions o ...
PostScript - Theoretical Biochemistry Group
PostScript - Theoretical Biochemistry Group

... first codon GAU (Asp) allows for one silent mutation to GAC which corresponds to the conservative amino acid interchange from Ile (AUC) to Val (GUC) on the opposite strand (lower left). For the second codon GCA (Ala) three silent mutations are possible (upper left) yielding amino acid replacements o ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... Position 6 on the Beta Chain Hemoglobin C Glu to Lys at Position 6 on the Beta Chain ...
AWC Summer Studentship Report_Will Stovall
AWC Summer Studentship Report_Will Stovall

... that GBS is highly reproducible, and can reach previously inaccessible regions of the genome. They also assert that the approach is exceptionally useful for conservation studies, as it can help infer population structure in the absence of a reference genome or prior knowledge of diversity in the spe ...
Exercise 10 - DNA Fingerprinting - Lake
Exercise 10 - DNA Fingerprinting - Lake

... Introduction Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a double stranded genetic molecule consisting of many monomers called nucleotides, hence DNA is a polynucleotide. The two strands of DNA are connected to one another by hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases of each strand. The DNA base pair sequence ...
Chapter 3 Study Guide
Chapter 3 Study Guide

... nucleic acids Know how excess glucose is stored Know dipeptide, tripeptide, polypeptide, disaccharide, polysaccharide Know the functional groups of amino acids Know peptide bonds Know what a glycerol and fatty acid are Know dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis Know condensation reaction Know monomer ...
Document
Document

... amino acids which are L-isomers. ...
Power Point 1 - G. Holmes Braddock
Power Point 1 - G. Holmes Braddock

... glycogen for animals. Other carbohydrates are involved as structural components in cells, such as cellulose which is found in the cell walls of plants.  Lipids: One function for Lipids is that of Energy storage. Lipids contain a lot of calories in a small space. Since Lipids are generally insoluble ...
Mutations - stephen fleenor
Mutations - stephen fleenor

... depends on the environmental context. Mutations are the primary source of genetic variation. 3C.2a: The imperfect nature of DNA replication and repair increases variation. 1A.1c: Genetic variation and mutation play roles in natural selection. A diverse gene pool is important for the survival of a sp ...
Comparison of three methods for DNA extraction
Comparison of three methods for DNA extraction

... insertion sequence (IS 6110). Similar results were published by Stein et al. when using this procedure to detect Coxiella burnetti in PET samples [16]. Another possibility would be the total absence of the target sequence due to the degradation produced by heating the tissue. Although the presence o ...
1BIOLOGY 220W - Lecture Notes Packet
1BIOLOGY 220W - Lecture Notes Packet

... triphosphates into a new DNA strand. The DNA polymerase from most organisms is denatured permanently when it is heated to the temperature that melts apart the two DNA strands. However, the DNA polymerase from hydrothermal vent organisms, like Thermus aquaticus, can stand such high temperatures, so t ...
Chapter 4 - Colby College Wiki
Chapter 4 - Colby College Wiki

... concentration. If it takes 17.8 mL of the potassium hydroxide solution to turn the indicator (phenolphthalein) slightly pink, what is the concentration of the hydrobromic acid solution? • The above process is known as a titration – the careful addition of one solution to another until one component ...
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules TEKS 9A
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules TEKS 9A

... in organisms. – Amino acids differ in side groups, or R groups. – Amino acids are linked by peptide bonds. ...
Enzymes used in Genetic Engineering The ability to manipulate
Enzymes used in Genetic Engineering The ability to manipulate

... free DNA ends (i.e., 5 or 3 end). Exonucleases release nucleotides (Nucleic acid + sugar + phosphate), whereas endonucleases release short segments of DNA. Restriction Enzymes DNases which act on specific positions or sequences on the DNA are called as restriction endonucleases. The sequences which ...
PPT File
PPT File

... (b) Novel contigs not present in the reference assembly (red) but detected among clone pool–derived reads (light blue, purple, yellow) are anchored by searching for positions in the reference common to those pools but missing from most or all other pools. This approach anchors 1,733 recently reporte ...
DNA ppt notes 2015
DNA ppt notes 2015

... jointly received the Nobel Prize in 1962 for their determination of the structure of DNA. What is interesting about this fact is that Rosalind Franklin had as much to do with the discovery as the other three gentlemen with her work with X-ray crystallography. She died of cancer and could not be hono ...
DNA SEQUENCING (using an ABI automated sequencer)
DNA SEQUENCING (using an ABI automated sequencer)

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Nucleic acid analogue



Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.
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