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Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives

... You should be able to use structures of amino acids and a pKa table to draw the step-wise ionization of any of the 20 standard amino acids. You should then be able to use the step-wise ionization to determine the charge an amino acid has at a particular pH. What is electrophoresis? You should be abl ...
chapter 20 lo
chapter 20 lo

... You should be able to use structures of amino acids and a pKa table to draw the step-wise ionization of any of the 20 standard amino acids. You should then be able to use the step-wise ionization to determine the charge an amino acid has at a particular pH. What is electrophoresis? You should be abl ...
PDF of article
PDF of article

... The third method, AbaSI-coupled sequencing (Aba-seq), was designed to map the hydroxymethylome at single-nucleotide resolution in mammalian cells and is based on the high substrate selectivity of AbaSI, a member of the PvuRts1I family endonucleases, which have a high preference for 5-hmC over both 5 ...
Chapter 5
Chapter 5

... • Nucleotide polymers are linked together to build a polynucleotide • Adjacent nucleotides are joined by covalent bonds that form between the –OH group on the 3 carbon of one nucleotide and the phosphate on the 5 carbon on the next • These links create a backbone of sugarphosphate units with nitro ...
Section J Analysis and Uses of Cloned DNA
Section J Analysis and Uses of Cloned DNA

... • Length of target sequences:  Short target sequences amplify more easily, so often this distance is less than 500 bp, but, with optimization, PCR can amplify fragments over 10 kb in length. • Primer design: – The region to be amplified should be inspected for two sequences of  about 20 nt with a ...
Lecture 10 - Protein Turnover and Amino Acid
Lecture 10 - Protein Turnover and Amino Acid

... Hemoglobin lasts as long as a red blood cell. Υ-Crystallin (eye lens protein) lasts as long as the organism does. ...
Protein structure - Manning`s Science
Protein structure - Manning`s Science

... joins with the OH from the carboxyl group. This forms a water molecule. The Nitrogen atom them combines with the carbon atom forming a peptide bond. ...
Cloning in Escherichia coli
Cloning in Escherichia coli

... molecular biology. With just a small amount of sequence information about a target DNA molecule, a pair of short single-stranded primers complementary to the ends of this DNA molecule, and a special DNA polymerase enzyme, the PCR technique can amplify the sequence to produce enough DNA for most stan ...
Ch 17- Carboxylic Acids and their derivatives
Ch 17- Carboxylic Acids and their derivatives

RNAi, Penetrance and Expressivity Genetics 322, Fall 2008
RNAi, Penetrance and Expressivity Genetics 322, Fall 2008

... seemed to be happening was that the introduction of the extra copies of the pigment gene somehow triggered a mechanism that was inhibiting the function of both the introduced copies of the gene and the copies that naturally occur in the petunia. In 1995, while working on the free-living nematode wor ...
Decoding the message_2 - Molecular-Biology-Resource
Decoding the message_2 - Molecular-Biology-Resource

... In the chart below is the “DNA to amino acid dictionary.” Teachers can use this to make their own personalized messages for the students Review base pairing in DNA (A with T and G with C) vs. RNA (A with U and G with C) This activity can also be done backwards (from translation to transcription); st ...
Introduction
Introduction

... The hydrogen-bond networks created among water molecules change constantly on a subpicosecond time scale  At any moment the H-bonds look like those in crystalline ice  Solutes disrupt the H-bond networks ...
polymorphism
polymorphism

... and C bonded together in a very long chain. Importantly the human genome has been sequenced, that is from the tip to the end of each chromosome researchers have determined the actual sequence of As, Ts, Gs, and Cs. It has been found that each region of the chromosome, each gene, has its own unique s ...
doc bio 202 2009
doc bio 202 2009

... takes into account the possibility of differential viability of the mutation-bearing gametes, whereas answer “d” does not. However, I noted that there has been confusion over this due to inconsistency in the way in which the text and MegaManual solves these types of problems. Technically, the method ...
DNA databases Rape in the US Victims States with Offender Laws
DNA databases Rape in the US Victims States with Offender Laws

... State DNA Index System (SDIS) allows local laboratories within that State to compare DNA profiles. SDIS is operated by the agency responsible for implementing and monitoring compliance with the State's convicted offender statute. National DNA Index System (NDIS) is the highest level of CODIS enables ...
DNA Background
DNA Background

... DNA is the largest known molecule. A single unbroken strand can contain millions of atoms. When DNA is released from a cell it typically breaks up into tiny strand fragments. These tiny fragments have a slightly negative electric charge. Salt ions, common in many solutions, are attracted to the neg ...
Epigenetics - UNM Biology
Epigenetics - UNM Biology

... transcriptional and posttranscriptional level of gene activity as well as at the level of protein translation and posttranslational modifications. • Mechanisms include: ...
carbohydrates
carbohydrates

... images;  may  have  same  D-­‐  or  L-­‐ configura=on  (or  not).   Configura=onal:  Anomers-­‐   Stereoisomers  that  differ  in   configura=on  at  the  anomeric   carbon  (formerly  the  carbonyl  C).   Conforma=onal  isomers-­‐   Possess  same ...
Amino Acid Structure
Amino Acid Structure

... White = Hydrogen Red = Oxygen Blue = Nitrogen Sulfur = Yellow 6. Go to Amino Acid ID Quiz http://www.bio.cmu.edu/Courses/BiochemMols/aaIDCQz/aaQCMain.htm 7. Take the quiz and write your results on question #10. Questions: 1. What is biochemistry? 2. What is an amino acid? 3. How many amino acids are ...
Ch_20
Ch_20

... Restriction site - Recognize a palindrome sequence GAATTC - Originally found in bacteria DNA 5 CTTAAG ...
Reading
Reading

... Tim Westwood ...
http://www.life.umd.edu/grad/mlfsc/ DNA Bracelets
http://www.life.umd.edu/grad/mlfsc/ DNA Bracelets

... The coded amino acids were changed significantly. 3) What happens to the amino acid chain if the frame shift results in an RNA codon of UAA, UAG, or UGA? These are termination codons. Translation will stop prematurely. 4) How will the changes in amino acids affect the protein that is expressed by th ...
PowerPoint - Oregon State University
PowerPoint - Oregon State University

... How are we sure that pool imbalances were caused by NDP kinase abnormalities and not by loss of protein-protein interaction resulting from absence of NDP kinase? A mutant strain with structurally intact, but catalytically inactive form of NDP kinase was tested for pool levels. The results were ident ...
Human Heredity
Human Heredity

... detect specific sequences found in disease-causing alleles. 9. What is the method of identification of individuals that analyzes sections of DNA that have little or no know function but vary widely from one individual to ...
Monitoring viral DNA release with capillary electrophoresis
Monitoring viral DNA release with capillary electrophoresis

... Capillary electrophoresis allowed rapid detection of commercially prepared T5 phages, even when the number of virus particles was as low as 105. Most importantly, the labeling protocol was minimized to less than 5 min with sufficient fluorescent intensity, a drastic difference from the timeconsuming ...
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Nucleic acid analogue



Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.
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