SPOTTED HYAENA SURVIVAL AND DENSITY IN A LION
... Competition is considered an important factor for large carnivore population dynamics, but the manner in which interspecific competition impacts these species are not well understood. This lack of knowledge is due to the ongoing declines of large carnivores, the loss of intact large carnivore gui ...
... Competition is considered an important factor for large carnivore population dynamics, but the manner in which interspecific competition impacts these species are not well understood. This lack of knowledge is due to the ongoing declines of large carnivores, the loss of intact large carnivore gui ...
Understanding mutualism when there is adaptation to the partner
... (Bronstein 1994b), our understanding of and theoretical insights into this type of interaction are limited (Bronstein 1994b). One factor that might contribute critically to this gap is that in a mutualistic interaction, there is usually adaptation to the partner species, and this may lead to ambigui ...
... (Bronstein 1994b), our understanding of and theoretical insights into this type of interaction are limited (Bronstein 1994b). One factor that might contribute critically to this gap is that in a mutualistic interaction, there is usually adaptation to the partner species, and this may lead to ambigui ...
Sequence Analysis Tools
... • A single mutational event may cause the insertion or deletion of more than one residue • Initial gap is penalized heavily, whereas a lesser penalty is assigned to each subsequent residue in the gap • No widely accepted theory for selecting gap costs • It is rarely necessary to change gap values fr ...
... • A single mutational event may cause the insertion or deletion of more than one residue • Initial gap is penalized heavily, whereas a lesser penalty is assigned to each subsequent residue in the gap • No widely accepted theory for selecting gap costs • It is rarely necessary to change gap values fr ...
Network structural properties mediate the stability of mutualistic
... from real mutualistic communities (Bascompte et al. 2006a). The empirical data show realistic ranges for parameter values of each structural property, but the parameter values may be confounded by one another, as any biological mechanism responsible for one structure (e.g. nestedness, degree distrib ...
... from real mutualistic communities (Bascompte et al. 2006a). The empirical data show realistic ranges for parameter values of each structural property, but the parameter values may be confounded by one another, as any biological mechanism responsible for one structure (e.g. nestedness, degree distrib ...
Western green lizard (Lacerta bilineata) - GB non
... could do it again at any time, and indeed could already have done so. The chances of other as-yet-undiscovered L. bilineata populations existing are probably quite high. It would probably take at least several years to discover any newly-established population, even with a well-developed herpetologi ...
... could do it again at any time, and indeed could already have done so. The chances of other as-yet-undiscovered L. bilineata populations existing are probably quite high. It would probably take at least several years to discover any newly-established population, even with a well-developed herpetologi ...
Reiskind, M.H. and M.L. Wilson. 2008. Interspecific
... and Aedes aegypti, generally concluding that Ae. albopictus larvae are superior competitors under realistic conditions, allowing them to displace Ae. aegypti from much of its previous range (OÕMeara et al. 1995, Juliano 1998, Daugherty et al. 2000, Juliano et al. 2002). Likewise, studies have examin ...
... and Aedes aegypti, generally concluding that Ae. albopictus larvae are superior competitors under realistic conditions, allowing them to displace Ae. aegypti from much of its previous range (OÕMeara et al. 1995, Juliano 1998, Daugherty et al. 2000, Juliano et al. 2002). Likewise, studies have examin ...
Phylogenetic niche conservatism: what are the
... Phylogenetic niche conservatism (PNC) is the tendency of lineages to retain their niche-related traits through speciation events. A recent surge in the availability of well-sampled molecular phylogenies has stimulated phylogenetic approaches to understanding ecological processes at large geographica ...
... Phylogenetic niche conservatism (PNC) is the tendency of lineages to retain their niche-related traits through speciation events. A recent surge in the availability of well-sampled molecular phylogenies has stimulated phylogenetic approaches to understanding ecological processes at large geographica ...
... therein, along with amount of exposed bare ground and plant litter (Collins and Smith 2006). These data were used to calculate the relative percent cover of grasses, forbs, and bare ground, as well as species richness. We used data on ANPP from clipping three 20 cm 3 50 cm quadrats positioned within ...
- Wiley Online Library
... and all seasonal data (wet vs. dry season), as well as separately for each ...
... and all seasonal data (wet vs. dry season), as well as separately for each ...
Mid-Atlantic/Southern New England BCR Plan
... soils allows for a variety of habitats and the BCR contains many high priority habitats, including maritime marshes and dunes, grasslands, and mature deciduous forests. The coastline is characterized by dune fields, beaches, lagoons, embayments, and barrier islands (USDA Forest Service Ecoregions, h ...
... soils allows for a variety of habitats and the BCR contains many high priority habitats, including maritime marshes and dunes, grasslands, and mature deciduous forests. The coastline is characterized by dune fields, beaches, lagoons, embayments, and barrier islands (USDA Forest Service Ecoregions, h ...
Functional traits, convergent evolution, and periodic tables of niches
... from functional trait and performance data. Niche differences and their influence on ecological patterns and processes could be revealed effectively by first performing data reduction/ordination analyses separately on matrices of trait and performance data compiled according to logical associations ...
... from functional trait and performance data. Niche differences and their influence on ecological patterns and processes could be revealed effectively by first performing data reduction/ordination analyses separately on matrices of trait and performance data compiled according to logical associations ...
Foliar elemental composition of European forest tree species
... niche. This optimal elemental composition results from differences in metabolic and physiological functions and morphologies that have developed over a long period of time, resulting in each species tending to reach an optimum chemical composition linked to a singular optimum function (homeostasis). ...
... niche. This optimal elemental composition results from differences in metabolic and physiological functions and morphologies that have developed over a long period of time, resulting in each species tending to reach an optimum chemical composition linked to a singular optimum function (homeostasis). ...
The Mechanistic Approach of `The Theory of Island Biogeography
... pays attention to differences between phenomena, since this may shed light on history. By contrast, the “machinery person” is more focused on similarities among phenomena, because these reveal regularities (MacArthur, 1972, p. 239). Since investigating “the machinery of the phenomenon” reveals what ...
... pays attention to differences between phenomena, since this may shed light on history. By contrast, the “machinery person” is more focused on similarities among phenomena, because these reveal regularities (MacArthur, 1972, p. 239). Since investigating “the machinery of the phenomenon” reveals what ...
Correlating species and spectral diversities using hyperspectral
... diversity and spectral diversity in early-successional abandoned agricultural fields in the Ridge and Valley ecoregion of north-central Virginia at the Blandy Experimental Farm. We established plant community plots and collected vegetation surveys and ground-level hyperspectral data from 350 to 1 ...
... diversity and spectral diversity in early-successional abandoned agricultural fields in the Ridge and Valley ecoregion of north-central Virginia at the Blandy Experimental Farm. We established plant community plots and collected vegetation surveys and ground-level hyperspectral data from 350 to 1 ...
Genotype-by-Environment Interaction for Salinity Tolerance in the
... E. affinis from a brackish lake with fluctuating salinity (Edgartown Great Pond, Martha’s Vineyard, Mass.). This population was chosen because it was more tolerant of fresh water than other saline populations tested (Lee 1999). Genetic variation for phenotypic plasticity was measured using two stati ...
... E. affinis from a brackish lake with fluctuating salinity (Edgartown Great Pond, Martha’s Vineyard, Mass.). This population was chosen because it was more tolerant of fresh water than other saline populations tested (Lee 1999). Genetic variation for phenotypic plasticity was measured using two stati ...
- Wiley Online Library
... main tree species. At Trois Fontaines, the understorey is made up of hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and brambles (Rubus sp.). At Chize, three different habitats can be identified in relation to the type of timber stand and coppice structure (from richest to poorest: oak with hornbeam, oak with Montpel ...
... main tree species. At Trois Fontaines, the understorey is made up of hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) and brambles (Rubus sp.). At Chize, three different habitats can be identified in relation to the type of timber stand and coppice structure (from richest to poorest: oak with hornbeam, oak with Montpel ...
carrying capacity: a critique of the concept al~ its usefulness
... Budd (1992) traces the term to Verhulst in 1838, although he does not specify in what' context it was applied. The term was first used in an ecological context in 1922 by Hadwen and Palmer (cited in Dhondt, 1988).who defined it as "the number of stock which a range will support for a definite period ...
... Budd (1992) traces the term to Verhulst in 1838, although he does not specify in what' context it was applied. The term was first used in an ecological context in 1922 by Hadwen and Palmer (cited in Dhondt, 1988).who defined it as "the number of stock which a range will support for a definite period ...
Molecular basis for the evolution of xylem lignification
... has largely been gained in a few well-studied plant species through forward-genetic isolation or reversegenetic creation of null or nearly null mutant lines with large phenotypic effects (Table 2; [1,2,6]). These approaches do not, however, tell us about how these genes evolved or about the natural ...
... has largely been gained in a few well-studied plant species through forward-genetic isolation or reversegenetic creation of null or nearly null mutant lines with large phenotypic effects (Table 2; [1,2,6]). These approaches do not, however, tell us about how these genes evolved or about the natural ...
Risk analysis report of non-native organisms in Belgium
... areas included within the Atlantic and the continental biogeographic regions in Europe). The risk analysis tool that was used here follows a simplified scheme elaborated on the basis of the recommendations provided by the international standard for pest risk analysis for organisms of quarantine conc ...
... areas included within the Atlantic and the continental biogeographic regions in Europe). The risk analysis tool that was used here follows a simplified scheme elaborated on the basis of the recommendations provided by the international standard for pest risk analysis for organisms of quarantine conc ...
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... their utter dismay that the pigment appeared purple instead of blue! This was found to be due to the relatively acidic vacuolar pH in the flowers of these plants. However, the intrepid researchers were not discouraged, and are now valiantly trying to increase the vacuolar pH of these ornamental plan ...
... their utter dismay that the pigment appeared purple instead of blue! This was found to be due to the relatively acidic vacuolar pH in the flowers of these plants. However, the intrepid researchers were not discouraged, and are now valiantly trying to increase the vacuolar pH of these ornamental plan ...
Trait differences between grass species along a climatic
... could reflect the existence of trends in traits specialization and provide indirect evidence on the variation of ecosystem level processes. For example, differences between plants related to leaf size, area, and height along an environmental gradient suggest an increase of light competition. Similar ...
... could reflect the existence of trends in traits specialization and provide indirect evidence on the variation of ecosystem level processes. For example, differences between plants related to leaf size, area, and height along an environmental gradient suggest an increase of light competition. Similar ...
Ecological morphospace of New World ants
... into a PCA. The covariance matrix from the log-transformed means was used to determine the principal components, which allows comparison of dispersion of species in this morphospace with other analyses (Ricklefs & Miles, 1994; Nipperess & Beattie, 2004). Principal component axes that account for at ...
... into a PCA. The covariance matrix from the log-transformed means was used to determine the principal components, which allows comparison of dispersion of species in this morphospace with other analyses (Ricklefs & Miles, 1994; Nipperess & Beattie, 2004). Principal component axes that account for at ...