3-1 What Is Ecology?
... An ecologist may set up an artificial environment in a laboratory to imitate and manipulate conditions that organisms would encounter in the wild. Other experiments are conducted within natural ecosystems. ...
... An ecologist may set up an artificial environment in a laboratory to imitate and manipulate conditions that organisms would encounter in the wild. Other experiments are conducted within natural ecosystems. ...
We report on a system developed by Bio-Rad
... refer back to their films to resolve disagreements, the programs can also report a gel reading's sequence in its original sense. ...
... refer back to their films to resolve disagreements, the programs can also report a gel reading's sequence in its original sense. ...
Ecologically Appropriate Plant Materials for
... In order to support the case for local plant materials, an example of genetic mismatch is sometimes highlighted to demonstrate the negative impact of a rare climatic event on nonlocal plant materials. Alternatively, however, such incidents may be regarded as natural selection in action (Hoffmann and ...
... In order to support the case for local plant materials, an example of genetic mismatch is sometimes highlighted to demonstrate the negative impact of a rare climatic event on nonlocal plant materials. Alternatively, however, such incidents may be regarded as natural selection in action (Hoffmann and ...
Mar 5 - University of San Diego
... Often occur farther from shore (up to 100+ km) May be sand cays on back reef slope ...
... Often occur farther from shore (up to 100+ km) May be sand cays on back reef slope ...
The Value of Animal Behavior in Evaluations of Restoration Success
... example, nest success and nest density are strong influences on population replacement in birds (e.g., Pidgeon et al. 2006). However, documenting reproductive success does not explain why individuals in one site have higher reproductive success than individuals in other sites. This missing informati ...
... example, nest success and nest density are strong influences on population replacement in birds (e.g., Pidgeon et al. 2006). However, documenting reproductive success does not explain why individuals in one site have higher reproductive success than individuals in other sites. This missing informati ...
Ecological and Evolutionary Drivers of Geographic Variation in
... From humble beginnings more than 3 billion years ago, living organisms have colonized and transformed almost all marine and terrestrial environments on Earth and, in the process, evolved myriad forms, physiologies, and life histories. Yet such diversity is not evenly distributed around the globe and ...
... From humble beginnings more than 3 billion years ago, living organisms have colonized and transformed almost all marine and terrestrial environments on Earth and, in the process, evolved myriad forms, physiologies, and life histories. Yet such diversity is not evenly distributed around the globe and ...
Influence of phenotypic and social traits on dispersal in a family
... affect fitness. Conceivably, individuals with particular phenotypes may breed in different habitats, thus potentiating the development of geographic variation. Moreover, studies typically underestimate dispersal distance owing to sampling issues and rarely consider the direction of movement, limitin ...
... affect fitness. Conceivably, individuals with particular phenotypes may breed in different habitats, thus potentiating the development of geographic variation. Moreover, studies typically underestimate dispersal distance owing to sampling issues and rarely consider the direction of movement, limitin ...
Unit Description and Student Understandings
... How do changes in population size relate to environmental conditions? Populations can grow exponentially or logistically How do organisms affect one another’s survival and environment? Limiting factors and biotic potential regulates a population’s growth How does the environment affect where and how ...
... How do changes in population size relate to environmental conditions? Populations can grow exponentially or logistically How do organisms affect one another’s survival and environment? Limiting factors and biotic potential regulates a population’s growth How does the environment affect where and how ...
Results of a food addition experiment in a north-central Chile
... treatments with grids being the replicates (four/treatment). The data were analyzed with one-way repeated measures analysis of variance (rmANOVA, PROC MIXED; Wolfinger and Chang 1995, SAS 1996) using MNKA estimates of species abundance. Mixed model rmANOVA is a newer SAS procedure that allows for s ...
... treatments with grids being the replicates (four/treatment). The data were analyzed with one-way repeated measures analysis of variance (rmANOVA, PROC MIXED; Wolfinger and Chang 1995, SAS 1996) using MNKA estimates of species abundance. Mixed model rmANOVA is a newer SAS procedure that allows for s ...
Southern African Sustainable Use Specialist Group
... Contribution to environmental conservation: Ecosystem health (systems not degraded over nonrecovery thresholds, especially for trophic levels with long recovery times) Biodiversity (species not lost) ...
... Contribution to environmental conservation: Ecosystem health (systems not degraded over nonrecovery thresholds, especially for trophic levels with long recovery times) Biodiversity (species not lost) ...
MOOREA`S NEWEST INVASIVE SPECIES: THE DISTRIBUTION
... A series of thirty minute observed trials were conducted, between P.laticauda and the other four gecko species present on Moorea, to determine if the P. laticauda could be considered more aggressive than the other species. All five gecko species were caught using a gloved hand, and kept separately i ...
... A series of thirty minute observed trials were conducted, between P.laticauda and the other four gecko species present on Moorea, to determine if the P. laticauda could be considered more aggressive than the other species. All five gecko species were caught using a gloved hand, and kept separately i ...
Impact: toward a framework for understanding
... (Figure 2). Here we review some of the best examples of studies, both experimental and observational, that have quantified impacts. The impact of an invader can be measured at five levels: (1) effects on individuals (including demographic rates such as mortality and growth), (2) genetic effects (inc ...
... (Figure 2). Here we review some of the best examples of studies, both experimental and observational, that have quantified impacts. The impact of an invader can be measured at five levels: (1) effects on individuals (including demographic rates such as mortality and growth), (2) genetic effects (inc ...
Using trait-based ecology to restore resilient ecosystems
... 2012), then we can manage for species with more favorable trait combinations to reduce mortality risk and enhance restoration success (Funk et al. 2008; Martínez-Garza et al. 2013; Laughlin 2014a; Cadotte et al. 2015; Ostertag et al. 2015). Trait-environment relationships can be indicative of which ...
... 2012), then we can manage for species with more favorable trait combinations to reduce mortality risk and enhance restoration success (Funk et al. 2008; Martínez-Garza et al. 2013; Laughlin 2014a; Cadotte et al. 2015; Ostertag et al. 2015). Trait-environment relationships can be indicative of which ...
A New Kind of Ecology? Thinking of Biology
... ecological systems consist of many interacting elements, only some of which are known and understood for any point in time and space. This makes the attempt to understand ecological systems very difficult, because not all information present in the system can be used without constructing a model as ...
... ecological systems consist of many interacting elements, only some of which are known and understood for any point in time and space. This makes the attempt to understand ecological systems very difficult, because not all information present in the system can be used without constructing a model as ...
Density Dependence, Evolutionary Optimization, and
... age include the effects of many life-history traits. For example, reproductive rate is determined by clutch size, nesting success,seasonlength, and nest-cycle length, each of which representsthe outcome of many different interactionsof an individual’s life-history traits with its environment. Resolu ...
... age include the effects of many life-history traits. For example, reproductive rate is determined by clutch size, nesting success,seasonlength, and nest-cycle length, each of which representsthe outcome of many different interactionsof an individual’s life-history traits with its environment. Resolu ...
More closely related species are more ecologically similar in an
... competitive exclusion between close relatives (20). Darwin (20) argued that closely related species compete most intensely, because they have similar morphologies and niches. However, the degree to which close relatives are similar in niche is still debated (21). Some studies find evidence for phylog ...
... competitive exclusion between close relatives (20). Darwin (20) argued that closely related species compete most intensely, because they have similar morphologies and niches. However, the degree to which close relatives are similar in niche is still debated (21). Some studies find evidence for phylog ...
Effects of Urbanization on the North American Cougar
... in human settings, while males have the option to travel further distances and wait for their food (Wilmers et al 2013). When habitat fragmentation infringes on chemical and auditory signals between potential mates, they may struggle to find members of the opposite sex due in part to differing proxi ...
... in human settings, while males have the option to travel further distances and wait for their food (Wilmers et al 2013). When habitat fragmentation infringes on chemical and auditory signals between potential mates, they may struggle to find members of the opposite sex due in part to differing proxi ...
Ecological Concepts, Principles and Applications
... Ecological concepts are general understandings (or facts) about ecosystems and ecosystem management. • Ecosystem concepts provide a foundation for developing ecological principles in section 2.2 and applications in section 3. • Ecosystem management concepts are basic tools that can be applied to s ...
... Ecological concepts are general understandings (or facts) about ecosystems and ecosystem management. • Ecosystem concepts provide a foundation for developing ecological principles in section 2.2 and applications in section 3. • Ecosystem management concepts are basic tools that can be applied to s ...
Effects of Competition, Predation, and Dispersal on Species
... for linear relationships between local and regional diversity (Caswell and Cohen 1993; Huston 1999; Fox et al. 2000; Loreau 2000). In fact, previous work found that although freshwater zooplankton show linear patterns of local and regional richness on a global scale (Shurin et al. 2000), 11 local po ...
... for linear relationships between local and regional diversity (Caswell and Cohen 1993; Huston 1999; Fox et al. 2000; Loreau 2000). In fact, previous work found that although freshwater zooplankton show linear patterns of local and regional richness on a global scale (Shurin et al. 2000), 11 local po ...
Biodiversity is Autocatalytic
... level of an ecological community are “neutral” in relation to their fitness. This implies that there are no real differences between the niches of each species and that their success is dictated by the randomness of the moment [5]. In contrast, the idea that niches are critical for the maintenance ...
... level of an ecological community are “neutral” in relation to their fitness. This implies that there are no real differences between the niches of each species and that their success is dictated by the randomness of the moment [5]. In contrast, the idea that niches are critical for the maintenance ...
Local diversity of heathland Cercozoa explored by in-depth
... (Baldauf et al., 2000). Therefore, they can inherently only be amplified with general eukaryotic primers, which will unavoidably also amplify DNA from other organisms abundant in soil. Thus, sequences from metazoans, fungi and plants often dominate samples, and must be removed prior to further analy ...
... (Baldauf et al., 2000). Therefore, they can inherently only be amplified with general eukaryotic primers, which will unavoidably also amplify DNA from other organisms abundant in soil. Thus, sequences from metazoans, fungi and plants often dominate samples, and must be removed prior to further analy ...