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Introduced Species
Introduced Species

... Ecological Succession • Natural changes in the biotic community over time • Why? – Modification in physical environment caused by species themselves – Leaves door open for next biotic community, example: – Pioneers (crabgrass) – Colonizers (deciduous hardwoods) ...
APES Review Packet 2
APES Review Packet 2

... 14.. In a human population undergoing demographic transition, which of the following generally decreases first? a. Birth rate 19. Nation with the largest ecological footprint per b. Death rate capita. c. Average family size 20. A growing elderly population, the high cost of d. Life expectancy childr ...
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... 1. Evolution, as a general term, means “change over time.” 2. Specifically, biologists define biological evolution as a change in a population’s gene pool over time. 3. A gene is a sequence of DNA that codes for a particular trait. 4. Mutations are changes in DNA. ...
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EOC review #2

... The shape of the pyramid implies there is “less” at the top. “Less” what and why is this necessary for success of the ecosystem? (Energy) ...
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Biology 30 Chapter 20 - Vegreville Composite High
Biology 30 Chapter 20 - Vegreville Composite High

... these are factors such as limits to food supply, disease, and predation often problems involving density-dependent factors are alleviated when a population density returns to lower levels ...
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... The difference between a parasite and predator is a parasite spends most of its life in or on the host, and does not usually kill the host. The parasite has an evolutionary advantage in that it allows the host to live longer. However, the host is often weakened or exposed to disease by the parasite. ...
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Species Relationships ppt Worksheet

... • If the parasite kills the _________ then it may die too, so it does not usually do this. • Examples: ________________ and hookworms that live inside of an animal (the host) and get nutrients from them. • This interaction is also called parasite – host. Video Link Predation • An interaction where o ...
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... An animal that hunts other animals for food is called a predator. The animal that is hunted by the predator is called the prey. A wolf (predator) eating a moose (prey) is an example of a predator–prey relationship (Figure 4). A moose eating grass is not an example of a predator–prey relationship bec ...
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... many ecologists.' I appreciated that independence of judgment. Ironically, in the obligatory final struggle for condensation, I had to delete a brief tribute to Lloyd's own work2 on a related topic, viz: 'Lloyd (1967)... defined two parameters, mean crowding and patchiness, which, by the simplicity ...
Interactions Among Living Things
Interactions Among Living Things

... 1. a type of symbiosis in which one organism live with, in, or on a host and harms it 2. the struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same limited resources in the same place at the same time 3. a type of symbiosis in which both species benefit from living together 4. the pro ...
Unit 5 - OCCC.edu
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... Some populations show an Allee effect, in which individuals have a more difficult time surviving or reproducing if the population size is too small The logistic model fits few ________ populations but is useful for ____________________ possible growth Conservation biologists can use the model to est ...
Food Web Game
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... ecosystem. All animals, including humans, are consumers, which obtain food by eating other organisms. Decomposers, primarily bacteria and fungi, are consumers that use waste materials and dead organisms for food. Food webs identify the relationships among producers, consumers, and decomposers in an ...
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Ecology PPT

... The concentration of a pollutant in organisms increases at higher trophic levels in the food web because these chemicals build-up in the fatty tissues of these organism and do not dissolve or flush-out of the organism. ...
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Ecology Study Guide

... A ________ is where an organism lives. Habitat A niche is sometimes compared to an organisms __________. Occupation What is it called when organisms attempt to use a resource at the same time? competition ...
APES FINAL
APES FINAL

... divide 70 by annual percentage growth = approximate doubling time in years in other words: 70 / x% = doubling time (years) (for instance, a population growing at 35% doubles in 2 years) ...
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Theoretical ecology



Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.
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