A review of the ethology of jumping spiders Araneae
... vision, but salticids have acute vision (Drees, 1952). The unusual and highly evolved visual system of salticids, extensively studied by neurobiologists (Forster, 1982a; Blest, 1985; Land, 1985), is probably the most important characteristic of this family. Because no other spider family has compara ...
... vision, but salticids have acute vision (Drees, 1952). The unusual and highly evolved visual system of salticids, extensively studied by neurobiologists (Forster, 1982a; Blest, 1985; Land, 1985), is probably the most important characteristic of this family. Because no other spider family has compara ...
Srivastava and Bell 2009
... species vs. four species polycultures, and then by examining the significance of particular two-species communities (Wilby et al. 2005). Note that non-additive effects preclude us from examining effects of individual species as main effects cannot be separated from interactions. All regression analy ...
... species vs. four species polycultures, and then by examining the significance of particular two-species communities (Wilby et al. 2005). Note that non-additive effects preclude us from examining effects of individual species as main effects cannot be separated from interactions. All regression analy ...
1 NSW Threatened Species Conservation Act
... Zieria buxijugum J.D. Briggs & J.A. Armstr. Zieria formosa J.D. Briggs & J.A. Armstr. Zieria parrisiae J.D. Briggs & J.A. Armstr. ...
... Zieria buxijugum J.D. Briggs & J.A. Armstr. Zieria formosa J.D. Briggs & J.A. Armstr. Zieria parrisiae J.D. Briggs & J.A. Armstr. ...
NORTHERN- AND SOUTHERN EUROPEAN GREY WOLF (Canis
... studied the prey choice of wolf in Scandinavia and Tuscany and looked at variances between territories within the two study areas. I analysed scats collected during a nine year period in Scandinavia and four years in Tuscany. I found greater habitat heterogeneity in Tuscany which leads to a more com ...
... studied the prey choice of wolf in Scandinavia and Tuscany and looked at variances between territories within the two study areas. I analysed scats collected during a nine year period in Scandinavia and four years in Tuscany. I found greater habitat heterogeneity in Tuscany which leads to a more com ...
Climate Change and Invasibility of the Antarctic Benthos
... et al. 1991, Thorson 1950) and a trend toward gigantism (Chapelle & Peck 1999, Peck 2002) are among the unusual features of the invertebrate fauna. Ecological and evolutionary responses to cold temperature underlie these peculiarities, making the Antarctic bottom fauna particularly vulnerable to cli ...
... et al. 1991, Thorson 1950) and a trend toward gigantism (Chapelle & Peck 1999, Peck 2002) are among the unusual features of the invertebrate fauna. Ecological and evolutionary responses to cold temperature underlie these peculiarities, making the Antarctic bottom fauna particularly vulnerable to cli ...
Innate Predator Recognition and the Problem of Introduced Trout
... Innate predator recognition typically only occurs when there is an evolutionary history between predator and prey. Predator introductions thus can pose a substantial threat to native fauna that rely heavily on inherent identification of predators. In permanent aquatic habitats prey often encounter a ...
... Innate predator recognition typically only occurs when there is an evolutionary history between predator and prey. Predator introductions thus can pose a substantial threat to native fauna that rely heavily on inherent identification of predators. In permanent aquatic habitats prey often encounter a ...
Population Ecology
... sets of terms: density and dispersion; clumped dispersion, uniform dispersion, and random dispersion; life table and reproductive table; Type I, Type II, and Type III survivorship curves; semelparity and iteroparity; r-selected populations and Kselected populations 2. Explain how ecologists may esti ...
... sets of terms: density and dispersion; clumped dispersion, uniform dispersion, and random dispersion; life table and reproductive table; Type I, Type II, and Type III survivorship curves; semelparity and iteroparity; r-selected populations and Kselected populations 2. Explain how ecologists may esti ...
Invasive Alien Species Fact Sheet – Dreissena polymorpha
... is, however, evidence for species-specific sperm attractants suggesting that interspecific fertilization may be rare in nature (hybrids are very rare both in North America and in the Volga River basin (M. Orlova, pers. comm.). If hybridization does occur; these hybrids will constitute a very small p ...
... is, however, evidence for species-specific sperm attractants suggesting that interspecific fertilization may be rare in nature (hybrids are very rare both in North America and in the Volga River basin (M. Orlova, pers. comm.). If hybridization does occur; these hybrids will constitute a very small p ...
A bibliography for the development of an intelligent mathematical
... concept of sets and domains, so the distinction from an algebraic language is not crisp (Geoffrion [I9921 makes this point very succinctly in the context of indexing). Although an algebraic language need not force a row view of formulation, the algebra is more suited to this and makes it difficult t ...
... concept of sets and domains, so the distinction from an algebraic language is not crisp (Geoffrion [I9921 makes this point very succinctly in the context of indexing). Although an algebraic language need not force a row view of formulation, the algebra is more suited to this and makes it difficult t ...
Long-term Effects of Shifts in Grazing Pressure on
... Plant traits, growth forms and grazing resistance The alpine vegetation is characterized by low-stature woody species, tussocks of graminoids and rosette-forming, perennial herbs (Körner, 2003). Plants with these traits show varying responses to herbivory depending on their level of grazing resistan ...
... Plant traits, growth forms and grazing resistance The alpine vegetation is characterized by low-stature woody species, tussocks of graminoids and rosette-forming, perennial herbs (Körner, 2003). Plants with these traits show varying responses to herbivory depending on their level of grazing resistan ...
Research Information on Acacia Erioloba
... 18-year oscillations (Tyson and Crimp 1998) in rainfall over the region. Therefore, the context in which trees occur is important for harvesting decisions. In drier areas, where rainfall is episodic, recruitment is likely to be low (Ernst et al. 1990, Barnes et al. 1997, Barnes 1999, 2001b). Therefo ...
... 18-year oscillations (Tyson and Crimp 1998) in rainfall over the region. Therefore, the context in which trees occur is important for harvesting decisions. In drier areas, where rainfall is episodic, recruitment is likely to be low (Ernst et al. 1990, Barnes et al. 1997, Barnes 1999, 2001b). Therefo ...
Deciphering a survival strategy during the interspecific competition
... Ecology is a scientific study pertaining to the relationship between living organisms and their environment. The coexistence of multiple species in an ecological niche with both intra- and interspecies interaction can help maintain the balance of the ecosystem. Previously, prokaryotes were thought t ...
... Ecology is a scientific study pertaining to the relationship between living organisms and their environment. The coexistence of multiple species in an ecological niche with both intra- and interspecies interaction can help maintain the balance of the ecosystem. Previously, prokaryotes were thought t ...
Assessing the role of large herbivores in the
... Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download a ...
... Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download a ...
Movement behaviour and mortality in invasive and indigenous
... beds) and at meso scales (in bays and on the open coast). M. galloprovincialis moved more and had higher mortality rates than did P. perna. For both species, mortality was greater at the edge than at the centre of beds, and on the open coast than in bays. Mussels at the edge of beds moved more than ...
... beds) and at meso scales (in bays and on the open coast). M. galloprovincialis moved more and had higher mortality rates than did P. perna. For both species, mortality was greater at the edge than at the centre of beds, and on the open coast than in bays. Mussels at the edge of beds moved more than ...
A gentle depilation of the niche: Dicean
... The early history of the niche concept has been discussed by Udvardy (1959), Vandermeer (1972), and Hutchinson (1978). Birth of the concept was gradual and attended by vague and shifting usage, a pattern hardly unusual in the evolution of ideas. Neither Grinnell nor Elton nor Gause offered very spec ...
... The early history of the niche concept has been discussed by Udvardy (1959), Vandermeer (1972), and Hutchinson (1978). Birth of the concept was gradual and attended by vague and shifting usage, a pattern hardly unusual in the evolution of ideas. Neither Grinnell nor Elton nor Gause offered very spec ...
grain size selection in case building by the mountain cased
... prefer travertine for case building may switch to quartzite if the former is unavailable. In addition, the type of material used can vary along the ontogeny of a particular species and depending on the presence of predators or other environmental conditions (Boyero et al. 2006), indicating that spec ...
... prefer travertine for case building may switch to quartzite if the former is unavailable. In addition, the type of material used can vary along the ontogeny of a particular species and depending on the presence of predators or other environmental conditions (Boyero et al. 2006), indicating that spec ...
Invasive non-native plants retain native mammal communities in
... the strongest positive predictors for recruitment of juveniles from source populations into the overall meta-population. The results confirm that non-native plants can act as ecosystem engineers in novel ecosystems and create critical habitat that supports mammal communities where they would otherwi ...
... the strongest positive predictors for recruitment of juveniles from source populations into the overall meta-population. The results confirm that non-native plants can act as ecosystem engineers in novel ecosystems and create critical habitat that supports mammal communities where they would otherwi ...
The Southwest Australia Ecoregion - WWF
... It is a large Ecoregion. Covering approximately 48.9 million hectares (489,944 km2), it is roughly triangular in shape, stretching between Shark Bay in the northwest to Esperance in the southeast, with a narrow strip along the southeastern coast to the border between Western Australia and South Aus ...
... It is a large Ecoregion. Covering approximately 48.9 million hectares (489,944 km2), it is roughly triangular in shape, stretching between Shark Bay in the northwest to Esperance in the southeast, with a narrow strip along the southeastern coast to the border between Western Australia and South Aus ...
Adaptive advantages of myrmecochory: the predator
... The predator-avoidance hypothesis states that once released from the parent plant, myrmecochorous seeds are rapidly taken by ants to their nests, where they are protected from predators. Previous studies conducted to test this hypothesis have frequently neglected two major aspects necessary for its ...
... The predator-avoidance hypothesis states that once released from the parent plant, myrmecochorous seeds are rapidly taken by ants to their nests, where they are protected from predators. Previous studies conducted to test this hypothesis have frequently neglected two major aspects necessary for its ...
Explanatory, Predictive, and Heuristic Roles of
... Noble gases are chemically inert. This generalization is nonchange-relating and consequently not invariant, because it does not allow for a well-defined change in its terms, noble gases and chemically inert. In fact, the generalization denies changes in the properties of noble gases that could be us ...
... Noble gases are chemically inert. This generalization is nonchange-relating and consequently not invariant, because it does not allow for a well-defined change in its terms, noble gases and chemically inert. In fact, the generalization denies changes in the properties of noble gases that could be us ...
Adaptive advantages of myrmecochory: the predator
... The predator-avoidance hypothesis states that once released from the parent plant, myrmecochorous seeds are rapidly taken by ants to their nests, where they are protected from predators. Previous studies conducted to test this hypothesis have frequently neglected two major aspects necessary for its ...
... The predator-avoidance hypothesis states that once released from the parent plant, myrmecochorous seeds are rapidly taken by ants to their nests, where they are protected from predators. Previous studies conducted to test this hypothesis have frequently neglected two major aspects necessary for its ...
Literature review on the American bullfrog
... Human alterations to the landscape influence the habitat of many species. One far reaching human impact is the introduction of non-native species and this threat affects virtually all ecosystems (Vitousek et al., 1997) and is even suggested to be a leading cause of animal extinctions world-wide (Cla ...
... Human alterations to the landscape influence the habitat of many species. One far reaching human impact is the introduction of non-native species and this threat affects virtually all ecosystems (Vitousek et al., 1997) and is even suggested to be a leading cause of animal extinctions world-wide (Cla ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.