The broad footprint of climate change from genes to biomes to people
... Although inherently different, marine, freshwater, and terrestrial realms share a common hierarchy of levels of biological organization, ranging from genes to organisms, populations, species, communities, and ecosystems. Broadly adapting from Bellard et al. (17), we screened the literature (suppleme ...
... Although inherently different, marine, freshwater, and terrestrial realms share a common hierarchy of levels of biological organization, ranging from genes to organisms, populations, species, communities, and ecosystems. Broadly adapting from Bellard et al. (17), we screened the literature (suppleme ...
Daphnia hybridization along ecological gradients in pelagic
... hybrids of the D. longispina complex seem to be sizeselective fish predation pressure and food level, as it is Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B (2008) ...
... hybrids of the D. longispina complex seem to be sizeselective fish predation pressure and food level, as it is Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B (2008) ...
WINSLOW Biology Quick View Biology Standards Washington State
... benefits nor is harmed. An example of commensalism is the relationship between sharks and remoras. The remora benefits and the shark is not affected either positively or negatively. Community: all of the species that live together in the same habitat and interact with each other. Consumer: an organi ...
... benefits nor is harmed. An example of commensalism is the relationship between sharks and remoras. The remora benefits and the shark is not affected either positively or negatively. Community: all of the species that live together in the same habitat and interact with each other. Consumer: an organi ...
Ecological Effects of Pesticides
... the same species within an area or region. We can see populations of humans, birch trees, or sunfish in a pond. Population ecology is concerned with the interaction of the individuals with each other and with their environment. The next, more complex, level of organization is the community. Communit ...
... the same species within an area or region. We can see populations of humans, birch trees, or sunfish in a pond. Population ecology is concerned with the interaction of the individuals with each other and with their environment. The next, more complex, level of organization is the community. Communit ...
Leaf trait variation and field spectroscopy of generalist tree species
... underscoring the importance of community-level variation in traits. An increasing number of leaf traits are being measured routinely in plant communities (Asner et al., 2011; Asner et al., 2015), and these traits can be placed with three functional groups involved in shaping plant performance (Asner ...
... underscoring the importance of community-level variation in traits. An increasing number of leaf traits are being measured routinely in plant communities (Asner et al., 2011; Asner et al., 2015), and these traits can be placed with three functional groups involved in shaping plant performance (Asner ...
ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF SOFT-WATER CALCIUM DECLINE ON THE LIFE- DAPHNIA
... Impact of calcium decline on Daphnia Based on a paleolimnological analysis, one taxanomic group that has been severely impacted by recent calcium decline is Daphnia, a genus of freshwater cladoceran zooplankton (Jeziorski & Yan 2006). Daphnia has some of the highest known calcium contents of any cru ...
... Impact of calcium decline on Daphnia Based on a paleolimnological analysis, one taxanomic group that has been severely impacted by recent calcium decline is Daphnia, a genus of freshwater cladoceran zooplankton (Jeziorski & Yan 2006). Daphnia has some of the highest known calcium contents of any cru ...
MacNeil, Calum, Jaimie T. A. Dick, Mark P. Johnson, Melanie J
... (arcsine transformed; Sokal and Rohlf 1995) among treatments using SuperANOVA (Abacus Concepts 1989). Figures show raw mean percent for clarity. Survivorship of G. pulex was examined in a two-factor analysis of variance with respect to ’’G. duebeni subsp. celticus presence/parasite status’’ (no G. d ...
... (arcsine transformed; Sokal and Rohlf 1995) among treatments using SuperANOVA (Abacus Concepts 1989). Figures show raw mean percent for clarity. Survivorship of G. pulex was examined in a two-factor analysis of variance with respect to ’’G. duebeni subsp. celticus presence/parasite status’’ (no G. d ...
End Overfishing of Menhaden
... In the interim, the Board drafted Addendum V to the Interstate Menhaden Fishery Management Plan. Addendum V proposes a more protective overfishing limit of 15% MSP to keep more fish in the water. To prevent exceeding the new overfishing limit of 15% MSP, managers must set a fishing target set sa ...
... In the interim, the Board drafted Addendum V to the Interstate Menhaden Fishery Management Plan. Addendum V proposes a more protective overfishing limit of 15% MSP to keep more fish in the water. To prevent exceeding the new overfishing limit of 15% MSP, managers must set a fishing target set sa ...
Annex C
... The yellow anaconda (Eunectes notaeus) is one of four species of anacondas that occur in South America. This boa is the largest snake and one of the three existing species of boa found in Argentina. Yellow anacondas have been historically considered a very valuable resource and have been largely exp ...
... The yellow anaconda (Eunectes notaeus) is one of four species of anacondas that occur in South America. This boa is the largest snake and one of the three existing species of boa found in Argentina. Yellow anacondas have been historically considered a very valuable resource and have been largely exp ...
Natural mortality of marine pelagic fish eggs and larvae: role of
... actual crowding of an individual, relative to the average crowding expected in a randomly dispersed population. In a randomly distributed population each individual occupies its own individual space. If the distribution becomes more non-random each individual comes to share its space with 'crowders' ...
... actual crowding of an individual, relative to the average crowding expected in a randomly dispersed population. In a randomly distributed population each individual occupies its own individual space. If the distribution becomes more non-random each individual comes to share its space with 'crowders' ...
Halsey, R.W. and J.E. Keeley. 2016. Conservation issues: California
... diversity or evolutionary relationships such as species diversity or other measures that reflect genetic diversity. It can also focus on ecosystem processes and diversity and be based on characteristics such as the variety of responses to fire like resprouting, reseeding, or colonizing from outside ...
... diversity or evolutionary relationships such as species diversity or other measures that reflect genetic diversity. It can also focus on ecosystem processes and diversity and be based on characteristics such as the variety of responses to fire like resprouting, reseeding, or colonizing from outside ...
4-habitat-and-niche
... • A habitat is all aspects of the area in which an organism lives. – biotic factors – abiotic factors • An ecological niche includes all of the factors that a species needs to survive, stay healthy, and reproduce. – food – abiotic conditions – behavior ...
... • A habitat is all aspects of the area in which an organism lives. – biotic factors – abiotic factors • An ecological niche includes all of the factors that a species needs to survive, stay healthy, and reproduce. – food – abiotic conditions – behavior ...
Ecosystem services and biodiversity in Europe
... of them. As we have become more aware of our dependence and more conscious of the severe pressures that industrial society is placing on their delivery, the health of the ecosystems that provide services to us has become a matter of intense scrutiny, most recently through the UN-sponsored Millennium ...
... of them. As we have become more aware of our dependence and more conscious of the severe pressures that industrial society is placing on their delivery, the health of the ecosystems that provide services to us has become a matter of intense scrutiny, most recently through the UN-sponsored Millennium ...
white rock wind farm pty limited
... numbers). The Little Eagle was recorded during field assessment in Section 1 of the study area. The Little Lorikeet was recorded within Section 3 and the Diamond Firetail was recorded within Section 4 of the study area. The Blackbutt Candlebark was provisionally recorded in several sections of the s ...
... numbers). The Little Eagle was recorded during field assessment in Section 1 of the study area. The Little Lorikeet was recorded within Section 3 and the Diamond Firetail was recorded within Section 4 of the study area. The Blackbutt Candlebark was provisionally recorded in several sections of the s ...
Dynamics of the aphid-ant mutualism
... have been challenged, perhaps not by a new theory but by a wider understanding of all the circumstances that influence the outcome. Mutualism is a widely used term in behavioural biology and a ubiquitous phenomenon in nature and has a historical tendency to be viewed as a fixed property of an intera ...
... have been challenged, perhaps not by a new theory but by a wider understanding of all the circumstances that influence the outcome. Mutualism is a widely used term in behavioural biology and a ubiquitous phenomenon in nature and has a historical tendency to be viewed as a fixed property of an intera ...
penguins - Cloudfront.net
... PENGUINS ARE A TYPE OF BIRD. Population:2.5 million pairs Location: Antarctic region Size: About 30 inches tall Weight:11 pounds Diet: Fish, krill, & other small crustaceans Nests: Circle mounds of small stones ...
... PENGUINS ARE A TYPE OF BIRD. Population:2.5 million pairs Location: Antarctic region Size: About 30 inches tall Weight:11 pounds Diet: Fish, krill, & other small crustaceans Nests: Circle mounds of small stones ...
Are Cattle Surrogate Wildlife? Savanna Plant Community
... (Kartzinel et al. 2015) so that total herbivory is distributed across many species of the plant community. In contrast, a single or few livestock species might focus their grazing on a narrower set of herbaceous species. Additionally, evidence from North America shows that even animals with very sim ...
... (Kartzinel et al. 2015) so that total herbivory is distributed across many species of the plant community. In contrast, a single or few livestock species might focus their grazing on a narrower set of herbaceous species. Additionally, evidence from North America shows that even animals with very sim ...
Floral adaptation and diversification under pollen limitation
... Pollen limitation (PL) of seed production creates unique conditions for reproductive adaptation by angiosperms, in part because, unlike under ovule or resource limitation, floral interactions with pollen vectors can contribute to variation in female success. Although the ecological and conservation ...
... Pollen limitation (PL) of seed production creates unique conditions for reproductive adaptation by angiosperms, in part because, unlike under ovule or resource limitation, floral interactions with pollen vectors can contribute to variation in female success. Although the ecological and conservation ...
Do animal eyespots really mimic eyes?
... Centre for Ecology & Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, TR10 9FE, UK School of Biology, University of St Andrews, Dyers Brae House, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9TH, UK ...
... Centre for Ecology & Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, TR10 9FE, UK School of Biology, University of St Andrews, Dyers Brae House, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9TH, UK ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.