Do animal eyespots really mimic eyes?
... Centre for Ecology & Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, TR10 9FE, UK School of Biology, University of St Andrews, Dyers Brae House, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9TH, UK ...
... Centre for Ecology & Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, TR10 9FE, UK School of Biology, University of St Andrews, Dyers Brae House, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9TH, UK ...
Feeding by lepidopteran larvae is dangerous
... parasitoids. Thus, plant allelochemicals used by caterpillars to make themselves unpalatable may not only provide parasitoids with enemy free space, but may increase the probability of successful parasitoid attack. Plant allelochemicals may have both direct and indirect effects on natural enemies (G ...
... parasitoids. Thus, plant allelochemicals used by caterpillars to make themselves unpalatable may not only provide parasitoids with enemy free space, but may increase the probability of successful parasitoid attack. Plant allelochemicals may have both direct and indirect effects on natural enemies (G ...
secondary succession
... Walker and Chapin and suggested the whole process of vegetation dynamics is the end results of a hierarchy of interacting factors, but again a very complex series of events that are probablistic, not deterministic ...
... Walker and Chapin and suggested the whole process of vegetation dynamics is the end results of a hierarchy of interacting factors, but again a very complex series of events that are probablistic, not deterministic ...
Study Guide
... plants for nutrients, moisture, and sunlight. Within a few years, one of the most species rich ecosystems can be converted into a closed canopy Chinese tallow monoculture. The trees grow so close together that sunlight is unable to penetrate to the ground and reach the prairie grasses and wildflower ...
... plants for nutrients, moisture, and sunlight. Within a few years, one of the most species rich ecosystems can be converted into a closed canopy Chinese tallow monoculture. The trees grow so close together that sunlight is unable to penetrate to the ground and reach the prairie grasses and wildflower ...
53 Notes
... sets of terms: density and dispersion; clumped dispersion, uniform dispersion, and random dispersion; life table and reproductive table; Type I, Type II, and Type III survivorship curves; semelparity and iteroparity; r-selected populations and Kselected populations 2. Explain how ecologists may esti ...
... sets of terms: density and dispersion; clumped dispersion, uniform dispersion, and random dispersion; life table and reproductive table; Type I, Type II, and Type III survivorship curves; semelparity and iteroparity; r-selected populations and Kselected populations 2. Explain how ecologists may esti ...
Article
... Furthermore, little is known about how each prey-predator relationship differs between areas with contrasting landscapes, including heterogeneous landscapes offering a variety of refuges and foraging sites of different quality and homogenous areas consisting of a single habitat type. The consequence ...
... Furthermore, little is known about how each prey-predator relationship differs between areas with contrasting landscapes, including heterogeneous landscapes offering a variety of refuges and foraging sites of different quality and homogenous areas consisting of a single habitat type. The consequence ...
Text - Enlighten - University of Glasgow
... North America found that Roseate Terns have more restricted foraging areas than other tern species and tend to forage in shallow inshore waters, associate with predatory fish (Randall and Randall 1980, Safina 1990b, Safina et al. 1990, Shealer 1996), and rely on relatively few prey species during th ...
... North America found that Roseate Terns have more restricted foraging areas than other tern species and tend to forage in shallow inshore waters, associate with predatory fish (Randall and Randall 1980, Safina 1990b, Safina et al. 1990, Shealer 1996), and rely on relatively few prey species during th ...
Ecosystem Flips, Locks, and Feedbacks: the
... resulted in complete urchin mortality both years as a result of predation by large migratory Cancer borealis Stimpson, 1859 crabs. Population densities of this crab increased fivefold coastwide soon after the macroalgal phase shift. Persistent absence of urchins (even in no-take reserves) probably r ...
... resulted in complete urchin mortality both years as a result of predation by large migratory Cancer borealis Stimpson, 1859 crabs. Population densities of this crab increased fivefold coastwide soon after the macroalgal phase shift. Persistent absence of urchins (even in no-take reserves) probably r ...
Benefits derived from opportunistic survival
... Fisheries Service, unpublished data), as well as an increase in abundance in the Main Hawaiian Islands (MHI) (Baker & Johanos 2004, Baker et al. 2011b). However, at this time, these factors alone are insufficient to reverse the long-term downward population trajectory. For some species at risk, reco ...
... Fisheries Service, unpublished data), as well as an increase in abundance in the Main Hawaiian Islands (MHI) (Baker & Johanos 2004, Baker et al. 2011b). However, at this time, these factors alone are insufficient to reverse the long-term downward population trajectory. For some species at risk, reco ...
Lambden and Johnson 2013 biomass
... By infecting multiple host species and acting as a food resource, parasites can affect food web topography and contribute to ecosystem energy transfer. Owing to the remarkable secondary production of some taxa, parasite biomass – although cryptic – can be comparable to other invertebrate and vertebr ...
... By infecting multiple host species and acting as a food resource, parasites can affect food web topography and contribute to ecosystem energy transfer. Owing to the remarkable secondary production of some taxa, parasite biomass – although cryptic – can be comparable to other invertebrate and vertebr ...
Rodent abundance, stone bund density and its effects on crop
... 3.2. Seasonality, crop stage and rodent abundance Generally, rodent abundance varied seasonally during the study period (Fig. 2a & b). The seasonal changes in the abundance showed two sets of peaks each year; the highest peaks occurring early in the dry season (October to January) - hereafter calle ...
... 3.2. Seasonality, crop stage and rodent abundance Generally, rodent abundance varied seasonally during the study period (Fig. 2a & b). The seasonal changes in the abundance showed two sets of peaks each year; the highest peaks occurring early in the dry season (October to January) - hereafter calle ...
Habitat preferences and stocking densities of Bontebok in the
... absorb all nutrients from ingested food, food of a higher quality will result in faeces with a higher nutrient content (Grant et al. 2001). Faecal analysis has some advantages over other methods of determining diet quality. In contrast to methods that examine the available vegetation (Bodenstein et ...
... absorb all nutrients from ingested food, food of a higher quality will result in faeces with a higher nutrient content (Grant et al. 2001). Faecal analysis has some advantages over other methods of determining diet quality. In contrast to methods that examine the available vegetation (Bodenstein et ...
current research, monitoring, and education
... Investigators at three U.S. east coast sites where ichthyoplankton (larval fish) have been regularly collected for at least 25 years are working together with state and regional fishery management groups to make those long-term data available for use in managing fisheries species stocks. The North I ...
... Investigators at three U.S. east coast sites where ichthyoplankton (larval fish) have been regularly collected for at least 25 years are working together with state and regional fishery management groups to make those long-term data available for use in managing fisheries species stocks. The North I ...
Cambrian Cannibals - 21stcenturysciencetech.com
... blind, these predatory trilobites must have relied on senses other than sight to locate and capture their prey. Alternate sensory modalities, such as chemotaxis, electrotaxis or phonotaxis, may have been put into play in the search for prey. The slabs may be arranged in such a way as to suggest that ...
... blind, these predatory trilobites must have relied on senses other than sight to locate and capture their prey. Alternate sensory modalities, such as chemotaxis, electrotaxis or phonotaxis, may have been put into play in the search for prey. The slabs may be arranged in such a way as to suggest that ...
Black-footed ferrets and Siberian polecats as ecological surrogates
... possible with endangered ferrets. We released 37 ferrets onto white-tailed prairie dog (C. leucurus) colonies in Shirley Basin, Wyoming, in 1991 (Fig. 1). We provided all ferrets and 14 polecats with postrelease food and release cage refugia (Biggins et al. 2011). Research was done humanely and in a ...
... possible with endangered ferrets. We released 37 ferrets onto white-tailed prairie dog (C. leucurus) colonies in Shirley Basin, Wyoming, in 1991 (Fig. 1). We provided all ferrets and 14 polecats with postrelease food and release cage refugia (Biggins et al. 2011). Research was done humanely and in a ...
carrying capacity - Into The Outdoors
... In this activity you will study the effects of environmental stresses (loss of habitation, predation, etc.) on a size of a Musky population in Box Lake. You will keep track of this population usi ...
... In this activity you will study the effects of environmental stresses (loss of habitation, predation, etc.) on a size of a Musky population in Box Lake. You will keep track of this population usi ...
Contrasting Ecology Shapes Juvenile Lake-Type
... shape was also different within habitats among populations, as indicated by the significant population (habitat) term (P , 0.001). The interaction term habitat 3 centroid size was significant (P , 0.001), so we retained this term in the models. However, retaining or excluding the interaction term yi ...
... shape was also different within habitats among populations, as indicated by the significant population (habitat) term (P , 0.001). The interaction term habitat 3 centroid size was significant (P , 0.001), so we retained this term in the models. However, retaining or excluding the interaction term yi ...
The survival of moth larvae feeding on different plant species in
... high grazing pressure by larger herbivores like reindeers (Rangifer tarandus) in the damaged areas can also shift the vegetation from mountain birch forests to tundra (Karlsen et al. 2013). The cascading effects of larvae outbreaks on the mountain birch forest ecosystems will likely depend on the in ...
... high grazing pressure by larger herbivores like reindeers (Rangifer tarandus) in the damaged areas can also shift the vegetation from mountain birch forests to tundra (Karlsen et al. 2013). The cascading effects of larvae outbreaks on the mountain birch forest ecosystems will likely depend on the in ...
Impacts and management of feral cats Felis catus in Australia
... cats’) when they live independently of humans in the wild; they are termed stray cats when they depend on humans for incidental provision of food or shelter (Denny & Dickman 2010). Feral cats are implicated in 26% of bird, mammal and reptile species extinctions worldwide (Doherty et al. 2016). They ...
... cats’) when they live independently of humans in the wild; they are termed stray cats when they depend on humans for incidental provision of food or shelter (Denny & Dickman 2010). Feral cats are implicated in 26% of bird, mammal and reptile species extinctions worldwide (Doherty et al. 2016). They ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.