Nursery area
... Nursery area The shallow coastal area is a valuable ecosystem that provides nursery grounds for many juvenile flatfish. The species are adapted to this highly dynamic environment, and are thus used to some turbulence during their lifetime. Impact study A study was undertaken in the Wadden Island Ame ...
... Nursery area The shallow coastal area is a valuable ecosystem that provides nursery grounds for many juvenile flatfish. The species are adapted to this highly dynamic environment, and are thus used to some turbulence during their lifetime. Impact study A study was undertaken in the Wadden Island Ame ...
Species composition and interspecific association of plants in
... Moral 2003). One type of volcanic disturbance is nuées ardentes or pyroclastic flows. Nuèes ardentes are hot turbulent gas and fragmented material resulting from a collapsed lava dome that rapidly moves down the volcanic slope (Dale et al. 2005b). The accumulation of this material is called a nuées ...
... Moral 2003). One type of volcanic disturbance is nuées ardentes or pyroclastic flows. Nuèes ardentes are hot turbulent gas and fragmented material resulting from a collapsed lava dome that rapidly moves down the volcanic slope (Dale et al. 2005b). The accumulation of this material is called a nuées ...
Article - Revista Chilena de Historia Natural
... the time an animal actually spends in foraging. What occurs in other parts of an animal's time budget has been mostly ignored. Herbers (1981) points out that inactivity has received very little attention as a behavioral category. She says that even though quiescence can serve valuable ecological fun ...
... the time an animal actually spends in foraging. What occurs in other parts of an animal's time budget has been mostly ignored. Herbers (1981) points out that inactivity has received very little attention as a behavioral category. She says that even though quiescence can serve valuable ecological fun ...
CHAPTER 53
... exposed by another. For instance, cowbirds and cattle egrets feed on insects flushed out of the grass by grazing bison, cattle, horses, and other herbivores. The birds benefit, increasing their feeding rates when they follow the herbivores. The herbivores may derive some benefit because the bi ...
... exposed by another. For instance, cowbirds and cattle egrets feed on insects flushed out of the grass by grazing bison, cattle, horses, and other herbivores. The birds benefit, increasing their feeding rates when they follow the herbivores. The herbivores may derive some benefit because the bi ...
Biology
... The range of temperatures that an organism needs to survive and its place in the food web are part of its niche. The combination of biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem often determines the number of different niches in that ecosystem. ...
... The range of temperatures that an organism needs to survive and its place in the food web are part of its niche. The combination of biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem often determines the number of different niches in that ecosystem. ...
Part 2: Identify the producers and consumers in your
... Create a shoebox model of your biome. It must include: Consumers and producers of that biome. Be sure you label EACH producer and consumer and write the species name. It needs to show the food web that exists there, beginning with the producers. Show how it links together! Label the predators ...
... Create a shoebox model of your biome. It must include: Consumers and producers of that biome. Be sure you label EACH producer and consumer and write the species name. It needs to show the food web that exists there, beginning with the producers. Show how it links together! Label the predators ...
the functioning of marine ecosystems
... 2.3 Alternating steady states and pelagic fish assemblages [8] Strong environmental effects on fish populations result in large fluctuations in species composition. It also appears that alternating steady states are observed at the level of fish assemblages on decadal scales. For example, upwelling ...
... 2.3 Alternating steady states and pelagic fish assemblages [8] Strong environmental effects on fish populations result in large fluctuations in species composition. It also appears that alternating steady states are observed at the level of fish assemblages on decadal scales. For example, upwelling ...
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
... Several factors contribute to the overexploitation of large, tropical forest animals (Millner-Guland et al. 2003). The weak economies of many tropical countries fail to provide sufficient jobs for their growing populations while land-use change, improved infrastructure, and new technology facilitate ...
... Several factors contribute to the overexploitation of large, tropical forest animals (Millner-Guland et al. 2003). The weak economies of many tropical countries fail to provide sufficient jobs for their growing populations while land-use change, improved infrastructure, and new technology facilitate ...
Strategies for the selection of reference organisms in environmental
... Ecological sensitivity is a fundamental parameter for the assessment of potential environmental impacts [10]. An important property of ecological sensitivity is the hierarchical structure, with each level nested on the previous level. Ecological effects, due to both biotic and abiotic factors, are u ...
... Ecological sensitivity is a fundamental parameter for the assessment of potential environmental impacts [10]. An important property of ecological sensitivity is the hierarchical structure, with each level nested on the previous level. Ecological effects, due to both biotic and abiotic factors, are u ...
Variability and Selection in Natural Populations of Wood Lice
... example, youíve probably noticed quite a bit of variation in the size, shape, color and firmness of apples in a grocery store bin. Nevertheless, if you were to describe apples to a friend who had never seen one before, you might describe one that had a size, shape, color and firmness that were not p ...
... example, youíve probably noticed quite a bit of variation in the size, shape, color and firmness of apples in a grocery store bin. Nevertheless, if you were to describe apples to a friend who had never seen one before, you might describe one that had a size, shape, color and firmness that were not p ...
Dynamics of Ecosystems
... up only about 0.03% of the atmosphere (figure 28.4). Worldwide, the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water through photosynthesis (see chapter 10) utilizes about 10% of the roughly 700 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere each year. This enormous amount of bi ...
... up only about 0.03% of the atmosphere (figure 28.4). Worldwide, the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water through photosynthesis (see chapter 10) utilizes about 10% of the roughly 700 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere each year. This enormous amount of bi ...
Empirical and Other Stock Assessment Approaches
... Setting fishing effort in multi-species fisheries FMSP Project R5484 derived guidelines for setting F in multi-species, deep reef-slope, hook and line fisheries Management by size limits not practical for hook and line fisheries ...
... Setting fishing effort in multi-species fisheries FMSP Project R5484 derived guidelines for setting F in multi-species, deep reef-slope, hook and line fisheries Management by size limits not practical for hook and line fisheries ...
Class Notes - The Westminster Schools
... Interspecific interactions can be symbolized by the positive (+) or negative (−) effects they have on the survival and reproduction of the two species engaged in the interaction. o 0 indicates that a population is not affected by the interaction in any known way. ...
... Interspecific interactions can be symbolized by the positive (+) or negative (−) effects they have on the survival and reproduction of the two species engaged in the interaction. o 0 indicates that a population is not affected by the interaction in any known way. ...
CHAPTER 53
... Interspecific interactions can be symbolized by the positive (+) or negative (−) effects they have on the survival and reproduction of the two species engaged in the interaction. o 0 indicates that a population is not affected by the interaction in any known way. ...
... Interspecific interactions can be symbolized by the positive (+) or negative (−) effects they have on the survival and reproduction of the two species engaged in the interaction. o 0 indicates that a population is not affected by the interaction in any known way. ...
ALTERNATIVE PREY AND THE DYNAMICS OF INTRAGUILD
... much more complex systems. But in others, the simplifications turn out to be oversimplifications. For example, predictions about the pattern of abundance along productivity gradients as a function of trophic level, derived from linear food chain models (e.g., Oksanen et al. 1981), break down with mult ...
... much more complex systems. But in others, the simplifications turn out to be oversimplifications. For example, predictions about the pattern of abundance along productivity gradients as a function of trophic level, derived from linear food chain models (e.g., Oksanen et al. 1981), break down with mult ...
Probeseiten 1 PDF
... found “an exceptionally rapid loss of biodiversity over the last few centuries, indicating that a sixth mass extinction is already under way.” They concluded that the average rate of vertebrate species loss over the past century has been 100 times higher than the background rate. “The evidence is in ...
... found “an exceptionally rapid loss of biodiversity over the last few centuries, indicating that a sixth mass extinction is already under way.” They concluded that the average rate of vertebrate species loss over the past century has been 100 times higher than the background rate. “The evidence is in ...
measuring seed dispersal - (CRSSA), Rutgers University
... range of a population. Seeds produced in an undisturbed understory remain there, while seeds in patchy forests with gaps tend to be scattered across longer distances (Cipollini et al. 1994). Studying the dispersal of the shade-tolerant understory shrub, Lindera benzoin (spicebush), Cipollini et al. ...
... range of a population. Seeds produced in an undisturbed understory remain there, while seeds in patchy forests with gaps tend to be scattered across longer distances (Cipollini et al. 1994). Studying the dispersal of the shade-tolerant understory shrub, Lindera benzoin (spicebush), Cipollini et al. ...
Biodiversity in grasslands: current changes and scenarios for the
... Dykterhuis (1949) proposed a theory of rangeland management based on this knowledge. According to this theory, by changing stocking rates it was possible to manage plant community composition. This statement proved, however, not to be valid for all conditions and ecosystems. New knowledge enriched t ...
... Dykterhuis (1949) proposed a theory of rangeland management based on this knowledge. According to this theory, by changing stocking rates it was possible to manage plant community composition. This statement proved, however, not to be valid for all conditions and ecosystems. New knowledge enriched t ...
Plankton Sinking Slowly
... larvae of aquatic animals. Protozoa are one-celled organisms that lack chlorophyll, so they must catch their own food and thus are considered consumers. Zooplankton are most abundant in fertile waters where phytoplankton is abundant. Examples of zooplankton that are commonly found include- water fle ...
... larvae of aquatic animals. Protozoa are one-celled organisms that lack chlorophyll, so they must catch their own food and thus are considered consumers. Zooplankton are most abundant in fertile waters where phytoplankton is abundant. Examples of zooplankton that are commonly found include- water fle ...
RATS (Rattus sp.) IN GUAFO ISLAND
... Invasive species are considered one of the most important causes of biodiversity loss on the planet. Rats (Rattus sp.) are within the taxonomic groups that successfully invade new ecosystems (Meerburg et al.2009). The impact of rodents in the loss of biodiversity has been particularly dramatic in oc ...
... Invasive species are considered one of the most important causes of biodiversity loss on the planet. Rats (Rattus sp.) are within the taxonomic groups that successfully invade new ecosystems (Meerburg et al.2009). The impact of rodents in the loss of biodiversity has been particularly dramatic in oc ...
A jumping spider feeding on an earthworm
... specimen of P. undatus was observed perched on a protected section of the lower exterior wall of the author’s home, 10 mm above the surface of a concrete walkway, feeding on a small 30 mm earthworm (Oligochaeta, most likely the common garden worm Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny 1826)). The spider s ...
... specimen of P. undatus was observed perched on a protected section of the lower exterior wall of the author’s home, 10 mm above the surface of a concrete walkway, feeding on a small 30 mm earthworm (Oligochaeta, most likely the common garden worm Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny 1826)). The spider s ...
ECOLOGICAL RELATIONSIDPS BETWEEN SMALL MAMMALS AND CENTRAL ITALY
... A further discriminant analysis was performed between plots belonging to environmental types (3) and (4) (i.e. 1 2 and 1 8 years of age) to check whether they were also discriminated by the occurrence of small mammal �pecies (table VI). In this analysis (Wilks ' À = 0.0 1 , F6•3 = 46.7, p < 0.005 ) ...
... A further discriminant analysis was performed between plots belonging to environmental types (3) and (4) (i.e. 1 2 and 1 8 years of age) to check whether they were also discriminated by the occurrence of small mammal �pecies (table VI). In this analysis (Wilks ' À = 0.0 1 , F6•3 = 46.7, p < 0.005 ) ...
54_DetailLectOut w Pictures
... Interspecific interactions can be symbolized by the positive (+) or negative (−) effects they have on the survival and reproduction of the two species engaged in the interaction. o 0 indicates that a population is not affected by the interaction in any known way. ...
... Interspecific interactions can be symbolized by the positive (+) or negative (−) effects they have on the survival and reproduction of the two species engaged in the interaction. o 0 indicates that a population is not affected by the interaction in any known way. ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.