Microbial interactions: from networks to models
... Pairwise relationships: similarity-based network inference. Although there are many subtleties and pitfalls (see below), generally speaking, similarity-based network inference assesses the co-occurrence and/or mutual exclusion pattern of two species over multiple samples using a measure that quantif ...
... Pairwise relationships: similarity-based network inference. Although there are many subtleties and pitfalls (see below), generally speaking, similarity-based network inference assesses the co-occurrence and/or mutual exclusion pattern of two species over multiple samples using a measure that quantif ...
Zooplankton Generalities
... spine length Caused by increased temperature, turbulence, photoperiod, food ...
... spine length Caused by increased temperature, turbulence, photoperiod, food ...
Using species distribution and occupancy modeling to guide survey
... This approach finds a probability distribution of maximum entropy using a set of environmental variables to estimate a species’ ecological niche using the defined Maxent probability distribution. Maxent utilises presence-only data to discriminate species occurrences from background points. We used 250 ...
... This approach finds a probability distribution of maximum entropy using a set of environmental variables to estimate a species’ ecological niche using the defined Maxent probability distribution. Maxent utilises presence-only data to discriminate species occurrences from background points. We used 250 ...
Will Small Population Sizes Warn Us of Impending Extinctions?
... where c is a per capita capture rate of resources by an individual consumer when it is searching. Each resource item caught takes a time, h, to handle and process, which prevents search. The efficiency of conversion of resource into new consumer individuals is given by b, and d is the per capita dea ...
... where c is a per capita capture rate of resources by an individual consumer when it is searching. Each resource item caught takes a time, h, to handle and process, which prevents search. The efficiency of conversion of resource into new consumer individuals is given by b, and d is the per capita dea ...
A pragmatic approach for selecting evo
... Beside the practical criteria of small size, short generation, abundant progeny, ease of manipulation and of housing/breeding, accessibility of phenotyping and genome manipulation techniques, etc., there are other parameters that should be considered when listing preferred model species. An intuitiv ...
... Beside the practical criteria of small size, short generation, abundant progeny, ease of manipulation and of housing/breeding, accessibility of phenotyping and genome manipulation techniques, etc., there are other parameters that should be considered when listing preferred model species. An intuitiv ...
BIOL 4120: Principles of Ecology Lecture 13: Predation
... • Batesian mimicry of tropical butterflies Edible species mimic inedible species, nonvenomous mimic venomous species ...
... • Batesian mimicry of tropical butterflies Edible species mimic inedible species, nonvenomous mimic venomous species ...
A generalized model for population dynamics where interactions
... Systems Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 20040 Madrid, Spain Académico de Ingenierı́a, Universidad del Pacı́fico, Apartado 4683 Lima, ...
... Systems Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 20040 Madrid, Spain Académico de Ingenierı́a, Universidad del Pacı́fico, Apartado 4683 Lima, ...
(1999) Consequences of the Allee effect for behaviour, ecology and
... Box 1. Mechanisms of the Allee effect Following Allee’s original work on the subject, any mechanism that can lead to a positive relationship between a component of individual fitness and either numbers or densities of conspecifics, can be termed a mechanism of the Allee effect. However, only those m ...
... Box 1. Mechanisms of the Allee effect Following Allee’s original work on the subject, any mechanism that can lead to a positive relationship between a component of individual fitness and either numbers or densities of conspecifics, can be termed a mechanism of the Allee effect. However, only those m ...
Biotic modifiers, environmental modulation and species
... Jones et al. (1994), and which has inspired a large number of further studies: at the time of submission of this article, Jones et al. (1994) had been cited 1416 times. A useful overview of the development of ecosystem engineers is given in Wright & Jones (2006). Ecosystem engineers are species that ...
... Jones et al. (1994), and which has inspired a large number of further studies: at the time of submission of this article, Jones et al. (1994) had been cited 1416 times. A useful overview of the development of ecosystem engineers is given in Wright & Jones (2006). Ecosystem engineers are species that ...
Hoo eats who? The New Jersey Barn Owl Food Chain
... areas small mammal population. These small mammals consist of rodents (voles and mice), shrews and moles. In addition to plant material, these animals will eat small insects that may be available. It turns out that these organisms are an important dietary component of the Barn owl. Barn owls live in ...
... areas small mammal population. These small mammals consist of rodents (voles and mice), shrews and moles. In addition to plant material, these animals will eat small insects that may be available. It turns out that these organisms are an important dietary component of the Barn owl. Barn owls live in ...
DOC
... areas small mammal population. These small mammals consist of rodents (voles and mice), shrews and moles. In addition to plant material, these animals will eat small insects that may be available. It turns out that these organisms are an important dietary component of the Barn owl. Barn owls live in ...
... areas small mammal population. These small mammals consist of rodents (voles and mice), shrews and moles. In addition to plant material, these animals will eat small insects that may be available. It turns out that these organisms are an important dietary component of the Barn owl. Barn owls live in ...
Fish population size, and not density, as the determining factor of
... directly transmitted parasites. Here, we test this prediction using a natural system in which populations of the crucian carp, Carassius carassius (L.), occur alone, with no other fish species, in a series of 9 isolated ponds in Finland. The ectoparasite communities in these fish populations consist o ...
... directly transmitted parasites. Here, we test this prediction using a natural system in which populations of the crucian carp, Carassius carassius (L.), occur alone, with no other fish species, in a series of 9 isolated ponds in Finland. The ectoparasite communities in these fish populations consist o ...
15 Annual Environmental Studies Student Research Symposium
... community, however, it is likely that more examples of the BCCC exist, and that known occurrences may have rare plant populations extending over a larger area than previously known. This study located some previously unknown occurrences of the BCCC using computer modeling coupled with knowledge of t ...
... community, however, it is likely that more examples of the BCCC exist, and that known occurrences may have rare plant populations extending over a larger area than previously known. This study located some previously unknown occurrences of the BCCC using computer modeling coupled with knowledge of t ...
Introduction of Leptodactylus labyrinthicus (Spix, 1824)(Anura
... rainforest and the Amazon river are apparently barriers to natural dispersal of L. labyrinthicus, but geographic range of the species has been expanded by anthropogenic dispersal corridors. Thus, we believe that the population living in Manaus was introduced, and we present a brief description for i ...
... rainforest and the Amazon river are apparently barriers to natural dispersal of L. labyrinthicus, but geographic range of the species has been expanded by anthropogenic dispersal corridors. Thus, we believe that the population living in Manaus was introduced, and we present a brief description for i ...
Activity 2: Interactions Name: PSI Biology Competition Competition
... Competition occurs when organisms try to obtain the same resources at the same place at the same time. Competition takes place when there is resource limitation in an ecosystem. That is, when there is not enough of a particular resource (food, shelter, water etc) to meet the needs of all organisms. ...
... Competition occurs when organisms try to obtain the same resources at the same place at the same time. Competition takes place when there is resource limitation in an ecosystem. That is, when there is not enough of a particular resource (food, shelter, water etc) to meet the needs of all organisms. ...
Create-a-Symbiosis
... * what it eats (or how it gets its nutrients, if it doesn't eat) * what's it's size? * anything else about it that might be interesting or relevant to the project Step 6. Now describe the interaction between your two species. Designate one of your species as "Population A" and the other as "Populati ...
... * what it eats (or how it gets its nutrients, if it doesn't eat) * what's it's size? * anything else about it that might be interesting or relevant to the project Step 6. Now describe the interaction between your two species. Designate one of your species as "Population A" and the other as "Populati ...
Accepted manuscript
... stable communities varies with the number of species present, or the connectance among species in the community. I examined the limits to the classical result that increasing the complexity of competitive communities through changes in the number of links or interaction ...
... stable communities varies with the number of species present, or the connectance among species in the community. I examined the limits to the classical result that increasing the complexity of competitive communities through changes in the number of links or interaction ...
2.2 Measuring abiotic components of the system
... The emphasis will be on ecosystems but some mention should be made of economic, social and value systems. The range must include a small-scale local ecosystem, a large ecosystem such as a biome, and Gaia as an example of a global ecosystem. ...
... The emphasis will be on ecosystems but some mention should be made of economic, social and value systems. The range must include a small-scale local ecosystem, a large ecosystem such as a biome, and Gaia as an example of a global ecosystem. ...
PDF - David J. Harris
... also inappropriate behavioural means of handling toxic prey. Adders, for example, are well adapted to handling toxic frogs by waiting for their toxins to degrade; however, this tactic is ineffective against cane toads because their toxins degrade slowly (Hagman et al. 2009). Habitat loss and fragmen ...
... also inappropriate behavioural means of handling toxic prey. Adders, for example, are well adapted to handling toxic frogs by waiting for their toxins to degrade; however, this tactic is ineffective against cane toads because their toxins degrade slowly (Hagman et al. 2009). Habitat loss and fragmen ...
The relationship between global warming and decomposition rates
... extrapolate the effects of increasing temperature into different ecosystems, or with different organisms. The study only used one type of organism (Gammarus spp.) and was limited to only three ecosystem types, all of which were aquatic. To be able to generalise these findings to other systems would ...
... extrapolate the effects of increasing temperature into different ecosystems, or with different organisms. The study only used one type of organism (Gammarus spp.) and was limited to only three ecosystem types, all of which were aquatic. To be able to generalise these findings to other systems would ...
Mutualism, Facilitation, and the Structure of Ecological Communities
... acilitative, or positive, interactions are encounters between organisms that benefit at least one of the participants and cause harm to neither. Such interactions are considered “mutualisms” when both species derive benefit from the interaction. Positive interactions are ubiquitous: They may lie at ...
... acilitative, or positive, interactions are encounters between organisms that benefit at least one of the participants and cause harm to neither. Such interactions are considered “mutualisms” when both species derive benefit from the interaction. Positive interactions are ubiquitous: They may lie at ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.