A stoichiometric exception to the competitive exclusion principle.
... or zero. (One notable exception to this rule is Levin’s (1970) extension of the CEP, where resources were replaced with more abstract “limiting factors.” Levin’s formulation requires only that species-specific growth rates be linear ...
... or zero. (One notable exception to this rule is Levin’s (1970) extension of the CEP, where resources were replaced with more abstract “limiting factors.” Levin’s formulation requires only that species-specific growth rates be linear ...
- Wiley Online Library
... 2010), and trophy males are often shot at the age of trophy culmination (Apollonio, Andersen & Putman 2010). The degree of size selection may strongly differ between the age classes that are targeted in both males (Mysterud & Bischof 2010) and females (Proaktor, Coulson & Milner-Gulland 2007). Differe ...
... 2010), and trophy males are often shot at the age of trophy culmination (Apollonio, Andersen & Putman 2010). The degree of size selection may strongly differ between the age classes that are targeted in both males (Mysterud & Bischof 2010) and females (Proaktor, Coulson & Milner-Gulland 2007). Differe ...
Building the bridge between animal movement and population
... population dynamics. In this sense, animal movement is the long-sought bridge between behaviour, landscape ecology and population dynamics (Lima & Zollner 1996; Wiens 1997). Traditional models of population and community dynamics assume well-mixed populations comprising many individuals in which dem ...
... population dynamics. In this sense, animal movement is the long-sought bridge between behaviour, landscape ecology and population dynamics (Lima & Zollner 1996; Wiens 1997). Traditional models of population and community dynamics assume well-mixed populations comprising many individuals in which dem ...
Applications of Differential Equations
... See Figure 1 for sample graphs of y = ekt in these two cases. In the case where k is negative, the natural growth equation can also be written dy = −ry dt where r = |k| is positive, in which case the solutions have the form y = y0 e−rt . The following examples illustrate several instances in science ...
... See Figure 1 for sample graphs of y = ekt in these two cases. In the case where k is negative, the natural growth equation can also be written dy = −ry dt where r = |k| is positive, in which case the solutions have the form y = y0 e−rt . The following examples illustrate several instances in science ...
the Conference abstract booklet - Psychology
... differences in behavioural phenotype expression and life history strategy further strengthening K.marmoratus as a model for behavioural syndrome research. Contrary to predictions, we found limited evidence of significant relationships between behavioural phenotypes and life history strategy in this ...
... differences in behavioural phenotype expression and life history strategy further strengthening K.marmoratus as a model for behavioural syndrome research. Contrary to predictions, we found limited evidence of significant relationships between behavioural phenotypes and life history strategy in this ...
Chapter 2 Environmental Science
... from one place to another is called dispersal. Dispersal can be caused by wind, water and living things. Wind disperses the seeds of plants, the spores of fungi, tiny spiders, and many other small, light organisms. ...
... from one place to another is called dispersal. Dispersal can be caused by wind, water and living things. Wind disperses the seeds of plants, the spores of fungi, tiny spiders, and many other small, light organisms. ...
High school lesson plan
... B3.4 Changes in Ecosystems - Although the interrelationships and interdependence of organisms may generate biological communities in ecosystems that are stable for hundreds or thousands of years, ecosystems always change when climate changes or when one or more new species appear as a result of migr ...
... B3.4 Changes in Ecosystems - Although the interrelationships and interdependence of organisms may generate biological communities in ecosystems that are stable for hundreds or thousands of years, ecosystems always change when climate changes or when one or more new species appear as a result of migr ...
Cryptic Population Dynamics: Rapid Evolution Masks Trophic
... cost for reduced palatability. Predator population dynamics result from conversion of prey into offspring, and from a density-independent intrinsic mortality rate d. We also scale the model so that a unit of prey consumption yields one net predator birth. In the Materials and Methods section, we dis ...
... cost for reduced palatability. Predator population dynamics result from conversion of prey into offspring, and from a density-independent intrinsic mortality rate d. We also scale the model so that a unit of prey consumption yields one net predator birth. In the Materials and Methods section, we dis ...
Behavioural influences on disease risk: implications for conservation
... of host behaviour in establishing policies for managing infectious diseases. In this review, we focus on host behaviour because very little is known about parasite behaviour, particularly in the context of conservation. However, we acknowledge that behaviour of both hosts and parasites can influence ...
... of host behaviour in establishing policies for managing infectious diseases. In this review, we focus on host behaviour because very little is known about parasite behaviour, particularly in the context of conservation. However, we acknowledge that behaviour of both hosts and parasites can influence ...
Study Guide for Final
... 5. Understand what a species’ geographic range is, as well as the distribution within the range. Know what types of factors determine each of these and be able to give examples of these factors. 6. Understand the patterns of spatial dispersion of a population (random, clumped, uniform), and their ca ...
... 5. Understand what a species’ geographic range is, as well as the distribution within the range. Know what types of factors determine each of these and be able to give examples of these factors. 6. Understand the patterns of spatial dispersion of a population (random, clumped, uniform), and their ca ...
parasitism, parasites and their hosts
... end of XIX century, emphasizing that parasites gain their nourishment without killing the host, up to very complex ones, which include such elements, as ecological, metabolic, and physiological relations between the parasite and its host, expressed in the host-parasite interdependence. Currently abo ...
... end of XIX century, emphasizing that parasites gain their nourishment without killing the host, up to very complex ones, which include such elements, as ecological, metabolic, and physiological relations between the parasite and its host, expressed in the host-parasite interdependence. Currently abo ...
The number of competitor species is unlinked to sexual dimorphism
... Meiri, Simberloff & Dayan 2011), canines are often fractured, broken or missing altogether from museum specimens (SM, personal observation), and the use of carnassials thus allows us to increase sample sizes. To make sure that our choice of morphological parameter does not influence the results of o ...
... Meiri, Simberloff & Dayan 2011), canines are often fractured, broken or missing altogether from museum specimens (SM, personal observation), and the use of carnassials thus allows us to increase sample sizes. To make sure that our choice of morphological parameter does not influence the results of o ...
lecture 25 ch 22 community development
... Clements: Succession as part of superorganism concept Succession as growth, development, maturation, and reproduction Directional/ predictable Monolithic theory of climax: all seres lead to same climax Climatic climax driven by common climate and topography Acknowledged may be some edaphic climaxes ...
... Clements: Succession as part of superorganism concept Succession as growth, development, maturation, and reproduction Directional/ predictable Monolithic theory of climax: all seres lead to same climax Climatic climax driven by common climate and topography Acknowledged may be some edaphic climaxes ...
Untitled - Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
... when they are approached as complex adaptive systems. Information transfer could thus have ...
... when they are approached as complex adaptive systems. Information transfer could thus have ...
Apex Predators of Costa Rica - Point Loma Nazarene University
... predator is removed, certain species whose populations are limited by their presence, such as medium- and large-sized prey, are able to expand. However, with the large increase in herbivore populations, the plants they eat can then decline dramatically in response to the increased consumption. In th ...
... predator is removed, certain species whose populations are limited by their presence, such as medium- and large-sized prey, are able to expand. However, with the large increase in herbivore populations, the plants they eat can then decline dramatically in response to the increased consumption. In th ...
A PRELIMINARY ECOREGION CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR
... and functioning on local and wider scales. Ecological sensitivity (or fragility) refers to the system’s ability to resist disturbance and its capability to recover from disturbance once it has occurred (resilience) (Resh et al. 1988; Milner 1994). Both abiotic and biotic components of the system are ...
... and functioning on local and wider scales. Ecological sensitivity (or fragility) refers to the system’s ability to resist disturbance and its capability to recover from disturbance once it has occurred (resilience) (Resh et al. 1988; Milner 1994). Both abiotic and biotic components of the system are ...
Habitat Use and Community Structure in an Assemblage of Cottid
... in resource use reflect inherent interspecific inequalities in the abilities to use and/or the preferences for using resources (autecological interactions) and to what extent biotic processes, including predation and competition (synecological interactions) modify autecological differences (Strong 1 ...
... in resource use reflect inherent interspecific inequalities in the abilities to use and/or the preferences for using resources (autecological interactions) and to what extent biotic processes, including predation and competition (synecological interactions) modify autecological differences (Strong 1 ...
Stability and variability in the marine ecosystem
... suddenly reduced. Fig. 4 illustrates Colebrook’s results for a copepod, Pseudo calanus. One immediately notices the seasonal variation and a decline through the entire period of observation. The decline may or may not be due to some unnoticed gradual change in sampling technique. Anyway, it is not o ...
... suddenly reduced. Fig. 4 illustrates Colebrook’s results for a copepod, Pseudo calanus. One immediately notices the seasonal variation and a decline through the entire period of observation. The decline may or may not be due to some unnoticed gradual change in sampling technique. Anyway, it is not o ...
factors affecting the growth of micro-organisms in foods
... The intracellular pH of any organism must be maintained above the pH limit that is critical for that organism. The control of intracellular pH is required in order to prevent the denaturation of intracellular proteins. Each organism has a specific requirement and pH tolerance range; some are capable ...
... The intracellular pH of any organism must be maintained above the pH limit that is critical for that organism. The control of intracellular pH is required in order to prevent the denaturation of intracellular proteins. Each organism has a specific requirement and pH tolerance range; some are capable ...
Grassland Gazette - Kansas State University
... MANHATTAN -- Ecological sustainability doesn't exist in a vacuum, especially in African nations, according to a Kansas State University professor who is organizing a symposium on issues facing the African continent. "Unlike in the United States and other developed countries, African nations have an ...
... MANHATTAN -- Ecological sustainability doesn't exist in a vacuum, especially in African nations, according to a Kansas State University professor who is organizing a symposium on issues facing the African continent. "Unlike in the United States and other developed countries, African nations have an ...
Invasive species: a global concern bubbling to the
... their introduction unless they are proven otherwise; but of course the expansion of global trade means that numerous species are sneaking in under our radar screen. Finally, perhaps the main route for the spread of aquatic IAS is transport in ballast water, leading to a major international programme ...
... their introduction unless they are proven otherwise; but of course the expansion of global trade means that numerous species are sneaking in under our radar screen. Finally, perhaps the main route for the spread of aquatic IAS is transport in ballast water, leading to a major international programme ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.