density-mediated, context-dependent consumer–resource
... interactions occur not only for predator–prey and competitive interactions, but for mutualistic ones as well. For example, consumer–resource interactions between ants and extrafloral nectar (EFN) plants are often mutualistic, as EFN resources attract and reward ants which protect plants from herbivo ...
... interactions occur not only for predator–prey and competitive interactions, but for mutualistic ones as well. For example, consumer–resource interactions between ants and extrafloral nectar (EFN) plants are often mutualistic, as EFN resources attract and reward ants which protect plants from herbivo ...
Partial migration in fishes
... The most recent review of partial migration in fishes describes just 11 species as exhibiting partial migration (Jonsson & Jonsson, 1993), and of these, seven were salmonids. Advances in techniques to study fish migration in the past two decades, however, have revealed how taxonomically widespread p ...
... The most recent review of partial migration in fishes describes just 11 species as exhibiting partial migration (Jonsson & Jonsson, 1993), and of these, seven were salmonids. Advances in techniques to study fish migration in the past two decades, however, have revealed how taxonomically widespread p ...
Native Bunchgrass and Invasive Weed Establishment in Low
... “degenerate.” Instead, I found Geno to be a top-shelf scientist, a fine mentor, and a very decent and generous person. His advice and patience helped bring this work to completion, and I am grateful for this education and the people with whom I’ve become acquainted in the process. This research was ...
... “degenerate.” Instead, I found Geno to be a top-shelf scientist, a fine mentor, and a very decent and generous person. His advice and patience helped bring this work to completion, and I am grateful for this education and the people with whom I’ve become acquainted in the process. This research was ...
The Activity budget of free-ranging common dolphins
... the basis for the activity budget. Many researchers favour focal individual-follows over group-follows, because they tend to provide more accurate information and data are based on the ‘‘natural unit for analysis’’ (Mann, 1999). However, this was not the most appropriate option for this study for tw ...
... the basis for the activity budget. Many researchers favour focal individual-follows over group-follows, because they tend to provide more accurate information and data are based on the ‘‘natural unit for analysis’’ (Mann, 1999). However, this was not the most appropriate option for this study for tw ...
Managing wet grassland landscapes: impacts on predators and
... may also influence species interactions. For example, the breeding seasons of some amphibians in Britain have advanced in response to climate change, leading to altered temporal niche overlaps in which earlier breeding newts (Triturus spp.) exert a higher level of predation on frogs (Rana temporaria ...
... may also influence species interactions. For example, the breeding seasons of some amphibians in Britain have advanced in response to climate change, leading to altered temporal niche overlaps in which earlier breeding newts (Triturus spp.) exert a higher level of predation on frogs (Rana temporaria ...
Niche Construction, Biological Evolution and Cultural
... We think this particular human-centred perspective is misleading. Humans may be unique in their extraordinary capacity for culture, but they are not unique in their capacity to modify natural selection pressures in their environments. Many other species do the same, either on the basis of simple pro ...
... We think this particular human-centred perspective is misleading. Humans may be unique in their extraordinary capacity for culture, but they are not unique in their capacity to modify natural selection pressures in their environments. Many other species do the same, either on the basis of simple pro ...
Effects of introduced round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) on diet
... fish eating birds and snakes (e.g. Jakubas 2004; King et al. 2008). Round goby is not only a potential prey for predatory fish species but can also act as a predator on fish eggs and larvae (e.g. Steinhart et al. 2004b). Kornis et al. (2012) gave multiple examples for species suffering from egg depr ...
... fish eating birds and snakes (e.g. Jakubas 2004; King et al. 2008). Round goby is not only a potential prey for predatory fish species but can also act as a predator on fish eggs and larvae (e.g. Steinhart et al. 2004b). Kornis et al. (2012) gave multiple examples for species suffering from egg depr ...
GIANT TORTOISE - Galapagos Conservancy
... Return Giant Tortoises to Santa Fe It is well documented that tortoises once lived on Santa Fe, but, unfortunately, the species has been extinct for more than 150 years. While other populations have been of higher conservation priority to date, we must now focus on the overall restoration of Santa F ...
... Return Giant Tortoises to Santa Fe It is well documented that tortoises once lived on Santa Fe, but, unfortunately, the species has been extinct for more than 150 years. While other populations have been of higher conservation priority to date, we must now focus on the overall restoration of Santa F ...
Ensis directus
... The American razor clam is known as Ensis directus (Conrad, 1843) in its native area, and this is also what is was called when it was first introduced to Europe (Von Cosel et al., 1982). However, further studies showed that this name was based on a fossil and presumably extinct species (van Urk, 197 ...
... The American razor clam is known as Ensis directus (Conrad, 1843) in its native area, and this is also what is was called when it was first introduced to Europe (Von Cosel et al., 1982). However, further studies showed that this name was based on a fossil and presumably extinct species (van Urk, 197 ...
Hwang 1 The Effects of Acanthaster planci Species on
... an arduous task in finding the solution to preserve the coral reefs, that are being destroyed faster than they are being created, and not hunting the starfish species to extinction just to create a form of balance between the two species. The difference in temperature, probably due to climate change ...
... an arduous task in finding the solution to preserve the coral reefs, that are being destroyed faster than they are being created, and not hunting the starfish species to extinction just to create a form of balance between the two species. The difference in temperature, probably due to climate change ...
Effects of reindeer browsing on tundra willow and its
... 1994; Bergman 2002), while leaf-stripping in summer by moose or reindeer generally has the opposite effect (Danell, Bergström & Edenius 1994). Simulated browsing experiments have shown that clipping reduced the growth of willow Salix lanata (Ouellet, Boutin & Heard 1994), demonstrating that effects ...
... 1994; Bergman 2002), while leaf-stripping in summer by moose or reindeer generally has the opposite effect (Danell, Bergström & Edenius 1994). Simulated browsing experiments have shown that clipping reduced the growth of willow Salix lanata (Ouellet, Boutin & Heard 1994), demonstrating that effects ...
Regional recovery plan for threatened species and ecological
... Many species have become extinct in the AMLR region, and a range of threatened species that may still be extant are considered ‘functionally extinct’. The species and subspecies included in this plan are considered threatened and are currently declining or have already declined to critical levels, w ...
... Many species have become extinct in the AMLR region, and a range of threatened species that may still be extant are considered ‘functionally extinct’. The species and subspecies included in this plan are considered threatened and are currently declining or have already declined to critical levels, w ...
Meeting Content Message from the Division Slide 1 Title
... management process by answering the following questions: • Providing information about gypsy moth biology. • What damage can the gypsy moth cause? • How are gypsy moth infestations detected? • What is Slow the Spread Program? • What are the options for control? • What does the DNR propose? There are ...
... management process by answering the following questions: • Providing information about gypsy moth biology. • What damage can the gypsy moth cause? • How are gypsy moth infestations detected? • What is Slow the Spread Program? • What are the options for control? • What does the DNR propose? There are ...
The role of community and population ecology in applying
... The global human population is expected to reach B9 billion by 2050. Feeding this many people represents a major challenge requiring global crop yield increases of up to 100%. Microbial symbionts of plants such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) represent a huge, but unrealized resource for impro ...
... The global human population is expected to reach B9 billion by 2050. Feeding this many people represents a major challenge requiring global crop yield increases of up to 100%. Microbial symbionts of plants such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) represent a huge, but unrealized resource for impro ...
Centrostephanus rodgersii on shallow subtidal
... pulchra and articulated coralline algae Amphiroa sp. and Corallina sp. Species of filamentous algae were also combined (see Andrew & Underwood 1989, Underwood et a1.1991) as were crustose corallines Lithothamnion sp., Neogoniolithon sp. and Porolithon sp. Differences among replicates in the species ...
... pulchra and articulated coralline algae Amphiroa sp. and Corallina sp. Species of filamentous algae were also combined (see Andrew & Underwood 1989, Underwood et a1.1991) as were crustose corallines Lithothamnion sp., Neogoniolithon sp. and Porolithon sp. Differences among replicates in the species ...
Softshell Clam - Prince William Sound Regional Citizens` Advisory
... Nutrition Requirements: The Softshell Clam is a filter feeder and has a broad food preference. It feeds on phytoplankton, small zooplankton, benthic diatoms, suspended particulates, and dissolved organic matter. Reproduction: Softshell Clams are typically dioecious (separate sexes) but can sometimes ...
... Nutrition Requirements: The Softshell Clam is a filter feeder and has a broad food preference. It feeds on phytoplankton, small zooplankton, benthic diatoms, suspended particulates, and dissolved organic matter. Reproduction: Softshell Clams are typically dioecious (separate sexes) but can sometimes ...
SEASONAL VARIATION IN SEX RATIOS AND
... weeks of life in Auburn, Alabama............................................................................49 2. Model results from known fate analysis of survival rates during the initial 8 weeks of life for white-tailed deer fawns in Auburn, Alabama from 2004-2005 .......50 3. Parameter estimates ...
... weeks of life in Auburn, Alabama............................................................................49 2. Model results from known fate analysis of survival rates during the initial 8 weeks of life for white-tailed deer fawns in Auburn, Alabama from 2004-2005 .......50 3. Parameter estimates ...
Possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) diet in a mast and non
... year and a non-mast year in the simple beech forests of the North Branch of the Hurunui Catchment, eastern South Island, New Zealand, was determined by sorting the contents of 270 possum stomachs, collected between December 1999 and December 2001. Beech flowers and seeds contributed 46.1% to annual ...
... year and a non-mast year in the simple beech forests of the North Branch of the Hurunui Catchment, eastern South Island, New Zealand, was determined by sorting the contents of 270 possum stomachs, collected between December 1999 and December 2001. Beech flowers and seeds contributed 46.1% to annual ...
conservation action plan for the russian far east ecoregion complex
... regional Red Books of rare and endangered species Overall and comparative diversity of organisms in the RFE Minimum area requirements for focal species and related assumptions Comparison of two Ecoregion classification systems Evaluation of characteristics of biodiversity in the RFE Ecoregion Ecoreg ...
... regional Red Books of rare and endangered species Overall and comparative diversity of organisms in the RFE Minimum area requirements for focal species and related assumptions Comparison of two Ecoregion classification systems Evaluation of characteristics of biodiversity in the RFE Ecoregion Ecoreg ...
PDF-1 - RUcore
... The cycling of carbon between inorganic and organic compounds is an underlying process that drives all life forms. While the rates of production of organic matter have been extensively examined, the degradation rates and kinetics remain poorly understood. Microbial organisms, highly efficient recycl ...
... The cycling of carbon between inorganic and organic compounds is an underlying process that drives all life forms. While the rates of production of organic matter have been extensively examined, the degradation rates and kinetics remain poorly understood. Microbial organisms, highly efficient recycl ...
Landscape effects on insect pests of Dracaena marginata
... Ornamental production is one of the most important economical sources of income for Costa Rica (CR) and a significant part of their agricultural landscape. Within the ornamental plants, Dracaena marginata Lam. (Rusaceae) provides an opportunity to study the population dynamics of three families of h ...
... Ornamental production is one of the most important economical sources of income for Costa Rica (CR) and a significant part of their agricultural landscape. Within the ornamental plants, Dracaena marginata Lam. (Rusaceae) provides an opportunity to study the population dynamics of three families of h ...
Aquatic Ecosystem Classification - Great Lakes
... characteristics of fishes. An extensive electronic, geo-referenced distributional database for all fish species native to Ontario is available to develop and test the aquatic classification. We assume that although the AEC was developed from biological criteria explicitly relating to fish species, i ...
... characteristics of fishes. An extensive electronic, geo-referenced distributional database for all fish species native to Ontario is available to develop and test the aquatic classification. We assume that although the AEC was developed from biological criteria explicitly relating to fish species, i ...
Size-dependent predation by snakes: selective
... widely for active prey and most often consumed large skinks, whereas death adders (Acanthophis antarcticus) ambush active prey and most often consumed small skinks. Small-eyed snakes (Rhinoplocephalus nigrescens) forage widely for inactive prey and consumed both small and large skinks equally often. ...
... widely for active prey and most often consumed large skinks, whereas death adders (Acanthophis antarcticus) ambush active prey and most often consumed small skinks. Small-eyed snakes (Rhinoplocephalus nigrescens) forage widely for inactive prey and consumed both small and large skinks equally often. ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.