Carrying Capacity and Ecological Economics Mark Sagoff When the
... to technological progress.”10 Economists following Solow have adopted a standard model of growth that contains only two factors: knowledge and the labor to apply it. This model differs from the classical models of Robert T. Malthus and David Ricardo11 because “[natural] resources, the third member o ...
... to technological progress.”10 Economists following Solow have adopted a standard model of growth that contains only two factors: knowledge and the labor to apply it. This model differs from the classical models of Robert T. Malthus and David Ricardo11 because “[natural] resources, the third member o ...
The long-term relationship between plant diversity and total plant
... 2002). Second, the two-species case of each model is analytically tractable, and acts as a limiting case for the behavior of more speciose models. Third, the twospecies version of each model might be expected to capture many (though by no means all) aspects of the dynamics of more speciose models. F ...
... 2002). Second, the two-species case of each model is analytically tractable, and acts as a limiting case for the behavior of more speciose models. Third, the twospecies version of each model might be expected to capture many (though by no means all) aspects of the dynamics of more speciose models. F ...
The long-term relationship between plant diversity and total plant
... 2002). Second, the two-species case of each model is analytically tractable, and acts as a limiting case for the behavior of more speciose models. Third, the twospecies version of each model might be expected to capture many (though by no means all) aspects of the dynamics of more speciose models. F ...
... 2002). Second, the two-species case of each model is analytically tractable, and acts as a limiting case for the behavior of more speciose models. Third, the twospecies version of each model might be expected to capture many (though by no means all) aspects of the dynamics of more speciose models. F ...
What Do We Mean When We Talk About Ecological Restoration?
... range that even our largest prairie restorations could not support them. How natural is a prairie that lacks its typical animals? A further complication is that the tallgrass prairies that existed in Illinois in the 1830s were almost certainly maintained by Native American-set fires (Anderson 1990). ...
... range that even our largest prairie restorations could not support them. How natural is a prairie that lacks its typical animals? A further complication is that the tallgrass prairies that existed in Illinois in the 1830s were almost certainly maintained by Native American-set fires (Anderson 1990). ...
S07-present
... each generation of the new population, and – the rule that determines which individuals from the old population will be replaced and which individuals will be placed in the new population • Generational - the old population is entirely rebuilt in each generation (short-lived species) • Steady-state ...
... each generation of the new population, and – the rule that determines which individuals from the old population will be replaced and which individuals will be placed in the new population • Generational - the old population is entirely rebuilt in each generation (short-lived species) • Steady-state ...
Floristics and Distribution Patterns of Lichens and Bryophytes in
... The successional transition of forested grassland ecosystems from nonnative annual grasses to native bunchgrasses in the British Columbia Interior has been previously described (McLean and Marchand 1968). This study builds upon existing knowledge by examining some of the ecological effects of these ...
... The successional transition of forested grassland ecosystems from nonnative annual grasses to native bunchgrasses in the British Columbia Interior has been previously described (McLean and Marchand 1968). This study builds upon existing knowledge by examining some of the ecological effects of these ...
An examination of multiple factors affecting community structure in
... and experimental communities (Cortwright 1987). The design included amphibian larvae and two predaceous insects common in the study and nearby ponds in 1984. Specific predictions were: (1) R. sylvatica and A. jeffersonianum survivorship should be least in the presence of larval A. opacum predators, ...
... and experimental communities (Cortwright 1987). The design included amphibian larvae and two predaceous insects common in the study and nearby ponds in 1984. Specific predictions were: (1) R. sylvatica and A. jeffersonianum survivorship should be least in the presence of larval A. opacum predators, ...
Marine Ecology Progress Series 311:273
... Certainly there is evidence that both biodiversity and biomass are declining on large scales. If we consider global changes to major biome types as an indicator of changing biomass, with the exception of boreal forests, Balmford et al. (2002) estimated that between 1992 and 2002, the Earth’s major b ...
... Certainly there is evidence that both biodiversity and biomass are declining on large scales. If we consider global changes to major biome types as an indicator of changing biomass, with the exception of boreal forests, Balmford et al. (2002) estimated that between 1992 and 2002, the Earth’s major b ...
Intraspecific genetic variation and species coexistence in plant
... The ecological success of plant species and the means by which they coexist in a community can be seen as ultimately determined by four main processes: speciation, migration, demographic stochasticity and ecological differences between species [7]. Various coexistence paradigms have been proposed th ...
... The ecological success of plant species and the means by which they coexist in a community can be seen as ultimately determined by four main processes: speciation, migration, demographic stochasticity and ecological differences between species [7]. Various coexistence paradigms have been proposed th ...
Life in the Colonies: Learning the Alien Ways of
... In the early 1970s marine ecology was thriving. Studies of reproduction, development, and life histories of marine organisms were popular topics of research. However, despite the large amount of knowledge of marine animals’ life histories that had developed, most research was still being carried out ...
... In the early 1970s marine ecology was thriving. Studies of reproduction, development, and life histories of marine organisms were popular topics of research. However, despite the large amount of knowledge of marine animals’ life histories that had developed, most research was still being carried out ...
meeting summary
... term “impact” is defined and understood. Many different definitions and measures are found in the literature, and we listed and discussed them. These myriad definitions of “impact” contribute to the “terminological morass” that the field of invasion biology faces. While recognizing that there is no ...
... term “impact” is defined and understood. Many different definitions and measures are found in the literature, and we listed and discussed them. These myriad definitions of “impact” contribute to the “terminological morass” that the field of invasion biology faces. While recognizing that there is no ...
ClsI eEl eEl - Competitive Enterprise Institute
... our earlier conclusions remain sound, and may be considered strengthened by the absence of new countervailing material coming to light since then. These are the key questions: Are species defined with sufficient clarity so that different people can arrive at satisfactorily similar estimates? What is ...
... our earlier conclusions remain sound, and may be considered strengthened by the absence of new countervailing material coming to light since then. These are the key questions: Are species defined with sufficient clarity so that different people can arrive at satisfactorily similar estimates? What is ...
Marine Ecology Progress Series 478:231
... suggest that it is equally likely to be a major phenomenon to explore owing to its general implications for the population dynamics of P. platurus, including putative sex-differences in dispersal strategies or abilities (see e.g. Lane & Shine 2011). δ15N values are similar among size and sex of Pela ...
... suggest that it is equally likely to be a major phenomenon to explore owing to its general implications for the population dynamics of P. platurus, including putative sex-differences in dispersal strategies or abilities (see e.g. Lane & Shine 2011). δ15N values are similar among size and sex of Pela ...
Reef-fish community structure and dynamics
... species richness and abundance were greater on the southern reefs. Piscivorous fishes were proportionately more abundant on the northern reefs. Therefore, predators were more abundant a t the location with greater recruitment but lower abundance and species richness of resident fishes. Also, the dec ...
... species richness and abundance were greater on the southern reefs. Piscivorous fishes were proportionately more abundant on the northern reefs. Therefore, predators were more abundant a t the location with greater recruitment but lower abundance and species richness of resident fishes. Also, the dec ...
Annual_report_for_2014-15
... lower in 2015 compared to 2014 but similar to the average gill-net catch rate since recovery in 2009. Most notable in 2015 was a greatly improved Yellow Perch catch rate, measuring the fourth greatest since the gillnetting survey component was added in 1989. Preliminary results from the 2015 trawl s ...
... lower in 2015 compared to 2014 but similar to the average gill-net catch rate since recovery in 2009. Most notable in 2015 was a greatly improved Yellow Perch catch rate, measuring the fourth greatest since the gillnetting survey component was added in 1989. Preliminary results from the 2015 trawl s ...
Culmination of Low-Dose Pesticide Effects
... larvae (obtained from the Federal Environment Agency, UBA, Berlin, Germany). The two-species nanocosms were initiated with 15 first-instar Culex larvae and 15 neonates of Daphnia magna, clone B (obtained from Bayer CropScience, Monheim, Germany). The populations were cultured in 5.5 L cylindrical gla ...
... larvae (obtained from the Federal Environment Agency, UBA, Berlin, Germany). The two-species nanocosms were initiated with 15 first-instar Culex larvae and 15 neonates of Daphnia magna, clone B (obtained from Bayer CropScience, Monheim, Germany). The populations were cultured in 5.5 L cylindrical gla ...
Fragoso 2005 Trophic strucure tropics
... dispersal by tapirs (Tapirus terrestris) in allowing Attalea to escape its predators, and subsequent local regulation by a multi-level trophic system, in which the ecological importance of each interaction shifts through time. I further consider how the interactions between organisms in the same and ...
... dispersal by tapirs (Tapirus terrestris) in allowing Attalea to escape its predators, and subsequent local regulation by a multi-level trophic system, in which the ecological importance of each interaction shifts through time. I further consider how the interactions between organisms in the same and ...
Meanders and stream restoration
... most projects fail. Currently, we know little about aquatic ecosystems or restoration ecology. Few long term studies have been conducted that elucidate the complexity of river processes, forms, and ecological relationships. Many restoration projects are funded without post-project monitoring which m ...
... most projects fail. Currently, we know little about aquatic ecosystems or restoration ecology. Few long term studies have been conducted that elucidate the complexity of river processes, forms, and ecological relationships. Many restoration projects are funded without post-project monitoring which m ...
Comparative evolution of flower and fruit morphology
... (Feinsinger 1987; Armbruster et al. 1994). Experimental studies (Fishman & Wyatt 1999; Caruso 2000; Smith & Rausher 2008) have confirmed that the patterns of natural selection on floral traits of a focal species can depend on the presence or absence of sympatric species with similar floral morpholog ...
... (Feinsinger 1987; Armbruster et al. 1994). Experimental studies (Fishman & Wyatt 1999; Caruso 2000; Smith & Rausher 2008) have confirmed that the patterns of natural selection on floral traits of a focal species can depend on the presence or absence of sympatric species with similar floral morpholog ...
Comparative evolution of flower and fruit morphology
... Smith & Rausher 2008) have confirmed that the patterns of natural selection on floral traits of a focal species can depend on the presence or absence of sympatric species with similar floral morphologies. Alternatively, species assemblages may be shaped by ecological sorting, in which species experi ...
... Smith & Rausher 2008) have confirmed that the patterns of natural selection on floral traits of a focal species can depend on the presence or absence of sympatric species with similar floral morphologies. Alternatively, species assemblages may be shaped by ecological sorting, in which species experi ...
Discussion of *RMB Exchange Rate Changes, Income Distribution
... • The failure of the empirical test (the 2nd part) could be due to using year-to-year capital growth rates * the profit share effect on capital could be unimportant in the short run • If the purpose is to analyze the long-run effect, using cross-sectional or lower frequency panel data would be bette ...
... • The failure of the empirical test (the 2nd part) could be due to using year-to-year capital growth rates * the profit share effect on capital could be unimportant in the short run • If the purpose is to analyze the long-run effect, using cross-sectional or lower frequency panel data would be bette ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.