Restoration of degraded hill land in South China
... correlation between plant community and the environment, and the angle between two lines represents their relativity. Figure 8 shows that soil bulk density, soil moisture, N, pH were the most important factors in vegetation restoration. The soil of our sites was laterite, acidic, with the pH ranging ...
... correlation between plant community and the environment, and the angle between two lines represents their relativity. Figure 8 shows that soil bulk density, soil moisture, N, pH were the most important factors in vegetation restoration. The soil of our sites was laterite, acidic, with the pH ranging ...
Conservation and restoration of plant
... ecosystems (e.g. Janzen, 1974; Bond, 1994; Buchmann and Nabhan, 1996; Kearns et al., 1998; Traveset and Richardson, 2006). Despite the fact that the connection between species extinction and ecosystem function has long been a central point of concern (Ehrlich and Mooney, 1983; Ehrlich and Wilson, 19 ...
... ecosystems (e.g. Janzen, 1974; Bond, 1994; Buchmann and Nabhan, 1996; Kearns et al., 1998; Traveset and Richardson, 2006). Despite the fact that the connection between species extinction and ecosystem function has long been a central point of concern (Ehrlich and Mooney, 1983; Ehrlich and Wilson, 19 ...
Conservation of Deep Pelagic Biodiversity
... these linkages (Edwards & Richardson 2004), with negative effects at higher trophic levels. Although most of these effects of climate change have been measured only in coastal waters or in the open ocean’s upper layers, it is likely that corresponding changes are occurring in the deeper parts of the ...
... these linkages (Edwards & Richardson 2004), with negative effects at higher trophic levels. Although most of these effects of climate change have been measured only in coastal waters or in the open ocean’s upper layers, it is likely that corresponding changes are occurring in the deeper parts of the ...
Bandicoots - E602S22010
... There are several species of Bandicoot around Australia, and although they can be seen during the day are generally nocturnal. Bandicoots are small creatures only about the size of a rat and eat small insects and plants. Several of the Bandicoots around Australia include the Eastern Barred Bandicoot ...
... There are several species of Bandicoot around Australia, and although they can be seen during the day are generally nocturnal. Bandicoots are small creatures only about the size of a rat and eat small insects and plants. Several of the Bandicoots around Australia include the Eastern Barred Bandicoot ...
Biological Diversity - FIU Faculty Websites
... colours is assumed to remain the same. In an open metacommunity, in which the assemblage changes size and composition through time, it may not be possible to draw valid inferences about community structure from a snapshot sample at one point in time (Magurran 2007). Few, if any, real communities are ...
... colours is assumed to remain the same. In an open metacommunity, in which the assemblage changes size and composition through time, it may not be possible to draw valid inferences about community structure from a snapshot sample at one point in time (Magurran 2007). Few, if any, real communities are ...
Feeding Relationships among Nine Species of
... anterior 1I.J of the intestine was evacuated. Specimens with empty stomachs or anterior intestines were not utilized. Gut contents from each fish were identified and counted. Like items were pooled for each species, and wet weight was taken. Pooled items were aspirated for a period of one minute in ...
... anterior 1I.J of the intestine was evacuated. Specimens with empty stomachs or anterior intestines were not utilized. Gut contents from each fish were identified and counted. Like items were pooled for each species, and wet weight was taken. Pooled items were aspirated for a period of one minute in ...
- Wiley Online Library
... et al. 2005). We used prey density recorded in an individual’s territory during the month in which it was first seen with external signs. To assess the influence of prey abundance on the likelihood of hyenas to express external signs, the occurrence of symptomatic cases during months of high, medium a ...
... et al. 2005). We used prey density recorded in an individual’s territory during the month in which it was first seen with external signs. To assess the influence of prey abundance on the likelihood of hyenas to express external signs, the occurrence of symptomatic cases during months of high, medium a ...
lions on small reserves - Carnivore Conservation
... frequently the focus of reintroduction efforts, previous post-release monitoring of such attempts has been poor (Hunter, 1998) and, in general, the success of such projects has been limited (Childes, 1988; Hamilton, 1981; Kruger, 1988; Pettifer, 1981; Mills, 1991; Linnell, et al. 1997). Such failure ...
... frequently the focus of reintroduction efforts, previous post-release monitoring of such attempts has been poor (Hunter, 1998) and, in general, the success of such projects has been limited (Childes, 1988; Hamilton, 1981; Kruger, 1988; Pettifer, 1981; Mills, 1991; Linnell, et al. 1997). Such failure ...
Relationship of calling intensity to - Research Online
... positive relationship. Humidity also often correlates with calling activity (Almeida-Gomes et al., 2007; Hauselberger and Alford, 2005). These variables are most strongly related to calling, presumably because anurans dehydrate when conditions are dry and, being ectothermic, are able to call most ef ...
... positive relationship. Humidity also often correlates with calling activity (Almeida-Gomes et al., 2007; Hauselberger and Alford, 2005). These variables are most strongly related to calling, presumably because anurans dehydrate when conditions are dry and, being ectothermic, are able to call most ef ...
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning - annurev-ecolsys
... invasion by exotic species, and lower disease incidence. His ideas were widely accepted but put aside in the 1970s as ecology transitioned toward being a more mechanistic, quantitative, experimental, and theoretical discipline. May (1973), building on the work of Gardner & Ashby (1970), led this tra ...
... invasion by exotic species, and lower disease incidence. His ideas were widely accepted but put aside in the 1970s as ecology transitioned toward being a more mechanistic, quantitative, experimental, and theoretical discipline. May (1973), building on the work of Gardner & Ashby (1970), led this tra ...
GLOBAL WARMING AND FLOWERING TIMES IN THOREAU`S
... (Stenseth and Mysterud 2002, Visser and Both 2005) and could alter species’ exposures to abiotic factors such as frost (Inouye 2008). Some changes in intertrophic interactions are already evident (Inouye et al. 2000, Edwards and Richardson 2004, Both et al. 2006). For plants, studies have shown sign ...
... (Stenseth and Mysterud 2002, Visser and Both 2005) and could alter species’ exposures to abiotic factors such as frost (Inouye 2008). Some changes in intertrophic interactions are already evident (Inouye et al. 2000, Edwards and Richardson 2004, Both et al. 2006). For plants, studies have shown sign ...
Ch - Garnet Valley School District
... 2. How is energy transferred in an ecosystem after photosynthesis takes place? 3. Define Producer (AKA______________________): 4. Define Consumer (AKA ____________________): 5. What is the source of energy for organisms that live too deep for photosynthesis to take place? 6. Define Decomposers: 7. W ...
... 2. How is energy transferred in an ecosystem after photosynthesis takes place? 3. Define Producer (AKA______________________): 4. Define Consumer (AKA ____________________): 5. What is the source of energy for organisms that live too deep for photosynthesis to take place? 6. Define Decomposers: 7. W ...
Economic instruments to achieve ecosystem objectives in fisheries
... the system reduces to a collection of Clark-Munro type of singlespecies equilibrium conditions. In this case, the single-species theory applies even if the fishery is actually an ecosystem fishery. Notice, however, that this is a necessary condition: all these matrices must be diagonal. If even one ...
... the system reduces to a collection of Clark-Munro type of singlespecies equilibrium conditions. In this case, the single-species theory applies even if the fishery is actually an ecosystem fishery. Notice, however, that this is a necessary condition: all these matrices must be diagonal. If even one ...
Collapse of the world`s largest herbivores
... every major ecosystem on Earth except Antarctica. Here, we consider the 74 wild herbivore species with mean adult body masses ≥100 kg. These largest species represent four orders (Proboscidea, Primates, Cetartiodactyla, and Perissodactyla) and 11 families (Elephantidae, Rhinocerotidae, Hippopotamida ...
... every major ecosystem on Earth except Antarctica. Here, we consider the 74 wild herbivore species with mean adult body masses ≥100 kg. These largest species represent four orders (Proboscidea, Primates, Cetartiodactyla, and Perissodactyla) and 11 families (Elephantidae, Rhinocerotidae, Hippopotamida ...
hierarchical analysis of forest bird species
... can lead to equivocal results that have no basis in theory. Analyzing species–environment relationships simultaneously across several levels of organization may provide more reliable inferences. Organizational levels are conceptually different than gradations of scale (Allen and Starr 1982). Scale r ...
... can lead to equivocal results that have no basis in theory. Analyzing species–environment relationships simultaneously across several levels of organization may provide more reliable inferences. Organizational levels are conceptually different than gradations of scale (Allen and Starr 1982). Scale r ...
ZAP! - Fort Wayne Children`s Zoo
... The energy stored by plants is passed along through the ecosystem in a series of steps of eating and being eaten. However, no organism lives wholly on another. The resources are shared. For example, plants are eaten by a variety of insects, birds, mammals and fish; some of the animals are eaten by s ...
... The energy stored by plants is passed along through the ecosystem in a series of steps of eating and being eaten. However, no organism lives wholly on another. The resources are shared. For example, plants are eaten by a variety of insects, birds, mammals and fish; some of the animals are eaten by s ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.