![Biology II Curriculum - Shamokin Area School District](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/002437055_1-f7d23cb1b2be4abf796f80912b7fccfc-300x300.png)
Biology II Curriculum - Shamokin Area School District
... BIO.B.4.2.3: Describe how matter recycles through an ecosystem (i.e., water cycle, carbon cycle, oxygen cycle, nitrogen cycle). BIO.B.4.2.4: Describe how ecosystems change in response to natural and human disturbances (e.g., climate changes, introduction of non-native species, pollution, fires). BIO ...
... BIO.B.4.2.3: Describe how matter recycles through an ecosystem (i.e., water cycle, carbon cycle, oxygen cycle, nitrogen cycle). BIO.B.4.2.4: Describe how ecosystems change in response to natural and human disturbances (e.g., climate changes, introduction of non-native species, pollution, fires). BIO ...
Wild boar in Norway – is climate a limiting factor?
... the Norwegian fauna within a few years. Because of this it will be important to obtain an overview of the species climatic and habitat demands and how this affects it at the borders of its natural distribution range. This might help us to predict the future of wild boar in Norway and how it may resp ...
... the Norwegian fauna within a few years. Because of this it will be important to obtain an overview of the species climatic and habitat demands and how this affects it at the borders of its natural distribution range. This might help us to predict the future of wild boar in Norway and how it may resp ...
Wild boar in Norway – is climate a limiting factor?
... the Norwegian fauna within a few years. Because of this it will be important to obtain an overview of the species climatic and habitat demands and how this affects it at the borders of its natural distribution range. This might help us to predict the future of wild boar in Norway and how it may resp ...
... the Norwegian fauna within a few years. Because of this it will be important to obtain an overview of the species climatic and habitat demands and how this affects it at the borders of its natural distribution range. This might help us to predict the future of wild boar in Norway and how it may resp ...
plant endophyte in food chain – friend or foe?
... Natural communities involve complex interactions among a number of species. The term ‘symbiosis’, Greek for “life together”, is commonly defined as a close and often longterm interaction between different species. Since its first use by de Bary (1887), the term has been applied to a wide range of bi ...
... Natural communities involve complex interactions among a number of species. The term ‘symbiosis’, Greek for “life together”, is commonly defined as a close and often longterm interaction between different species. Since its first use by de Bary (1887), the term has been applied to a wide range of bi ...
McClanahan, T.N. 2002. The near future of coral reefs.
... Documented by a number of measures, including shipboard measurements and oxygen isotope chemistry taken from coral cores, seawater temperature has increased by about 1.5°C over the last 100 years (Parker et al. 1995; Cole et al. 2000; Barnett et al. 2001), most of this warming occurring since the mi ...
... Documented by a number of measures, including shipboard measurements and oxygen isotope chemistry taken from coral cores, seawater temperature has increased by about 1.5°C over the last 100 years (Parker et al. 1995; Cole et al. 2000; Barnett et al. 2001), most of this warming occurring since the mi ...
Report on the conservation status and threats for wolf (Canis lupus
... methods. In others, such as Estonia. Latvia, Poland, Spain and Portugal there are organised surveys of pack distribution and presence. However, in many other countries, numbers are based on “official” estimates from the forestry or hunting districts (these methods are widely believed to overestimate ...
... methods. In others, such as Estonia. Latvia, Poland, Spain and Portugal there are organised surveys of pack distribution and presence. However, in many other countries, numbers are based on “official” estimates from the forestry or hunting districts (these methods are widely believed to overestimate ...
interspecific competition alters nonlinear selection on offspring size
... 1996; Marshall and Keough 2008a). Yet, despite the increasing number of studies that examine the influence of the local environment on offspring size effects, there are very few formal estimates of selection on offspring size (Einum and Fleming 2000; Dibattista et al. 2007; Johnson et al. 2010), and ...
... 1996; Marshall and Keough 2008a). Yet, despite the increasing number of studies that examine the influence of the local environment on offspring size effects, there are very few formal estimates of selection on offspring size (Einum and Fleming 2000; Dibattista et al. 2007; Johnson et al. 2010), and ...
Wildlife in alpine and sub-alpine habitats
... goats, remain in their high elevation ‘islands’ yearround, and leave only to travel to other alpine patches. However, the majority of species move to lower elevation habitats at some life history stage. Thus, connectivity is a key ecological process to maintain for alpine wildlife. Anthropogenically ...
... goats, remain in their high elevation ‘islands’ yearround, and leave only to travel to other alpine patches. However, the majority of species move to lower elevation habitats at some life history stage. Thus, connectivity is a key ecological process to maintain for alpine wildlife. Anthropogenically ...
How to be a fig wasp parasite on the fig–fig wasp
... 2214-5745/# 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ...
... 2214-5745/# 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ...
restoration of tall fescue pastures to native warm season grasslands
... (none, one, or two burns). Watering regime significantly affected all measured growth parameters (wet>dry), but few endophyte effects were found and when present were opposite the hypothesis (E->E+). All burned plants quickly re-grew ...
... (none, one, or two burns). Watering regime significantly affected all measured growth parameters (wet>dry), but few endophyte effects were found and when present were opposite the hypothesis (E->E+). All burned plants quickly re-grew ...
Winners always win: growth of a wide range of plant species from
... Medlyn et al. 2011) and serve to increase the area available for photosynthesis at a lower carbon cost to biomass. A higher biomass allocation to leaves (LMF) serves to take up more of the most limiting resource, carbon, required for optimal growth (Bloom and Mooney 1985). At high CO2, these traits ...
... Medlyn et al. 2011) and serve to increase the area available for photosynthesis at a lower carbon cost to biomass. A higher biomass allocation to leaves (LMF) serves to take up more of the most limiting resource, carbon, required for optimal growth (Bloom and Mooney 1985). At high CO2, these traits ...
The Hoary Marmot of the North Cascades in Washington
... marmots is not as rigidly defined. They exhibit a loose dominance hierarchy as interactions among males, females, yearlings, and juveniles do not always follow a pattern. The only predictable interactions are those between adult males. Colonies surrounded by an abundance of food typically contain on ...
... marmots is not as rigidly defined. They exhibit a loose dominance hierarchy as interactions among males, females, yearlings, and juveniles do not always follow a pattern. The only predictable interactions are those between adult males. Colonies surrounded by an abundance of food typically contain on ...
Intermittent Stream Ecology
... affected under reduced‐flow conditions. However, the changes in community composition were found to degrade ecosystem services provided by the stream, particularly in the areas of organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling. ...
... affected under reduced‐flow conditions. However, the changes in community composition were found to degrade ecosystem services provided by the stream, particularly in the areas of organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling. ...
Inger Johansson - Rovdjursskolan
... least 12 hours in pack C the location was searched for ungulate kills. Kills were found by backtracking wolves and/or by localising ravens present in the area. Locations were investigated no less than 24 hours after the radio-collard wolves had abandoned the location to minimise the risk for disturb ...
... least 12 hours in pack C the location was searched for ungulate kills. Kills were found by backtracking wolves and/or by localising ravens present in the area. Locations were investigated no less than 24 hours after the radio-collard wolves had abandoned the location to minimise the risk for disturb ...
Relative importance of recruitment and other causes of variation in
... algae were the dominant space occupants in mid and low zones while most high zone space was bare rock. Although solitary sessile organisms tended to be more abundant at both wave-exposed and wave-protected sites, total abundances were always low (typically < 10% cover) at all tide heights and at all ...
... algae were the dominant space occupants in mid and low zones while most high zone space was bare rock. Although solitary sessile organisms tended to be more abundant at both wave-exposed and wave-protected sites, total abundances were always low (typically < 10% cover) at all tide heights and at all ...
grouse news - Galliformes Specialist Group
... and reproduction as well as provide information on seasonal movements. Specific biological data that will be collected include estimates of spring breeding density of territorial males, age-specific survival, nesting success, and chick production. Ultimately the data will be used to aid wildlife man ...
... and reproduction as well as provide information on seasonal movements. Specific biological data that will be collected include estimates of spring breeding density of territorial males, age-specific survival, nesting success, and chick production. Ultimately the data will be used to aid wildlife man ...
The Keystone Role of Bison in North American Tallgrass Prairie
... excluded bison from experimental plots within grazed watersheds for several years. When adjacent grazed sites were also protected from grazing with temporary exclosures, aboveground production in the first year in these newly protected sites was reduced relative to that in the adjoining long-term un ...
... excluded bison from experimental plots within grazed watersheds for several years. When adjacent grazed sites were also protected from grazing with temporary exclosures, aboveground production in the first year in these newly protected sites was reduced relative to that in the adjoining long-term un ...
Forest Diversity and Function
... are few results from explicit experiments on the diversity/functioning/stability relationships. We have had to turn to “experiments” that nature has provided, i.e. observing functioning in systems of varying diversity. However, as noted in this volume, it is difficult to draw firm conclusions from o ...
... are few results from explicit experiments on the diversity/functioning/stability relationships. We have had to turn to “experiments” that nature has provided, i.e. observing functioning in systems of varying diversity. However, as noted in this volume, it is difficult to draw firm conclusions from o ...
(Diptera: Culicidae) Within the United States?
... across leaf types is secondary plant compounds, like tannins, which may be higher in some lead species and which are known to negatively affect the performance (e.g., size, growth rates) of Ae. albopictus and other mosquito species (Rey et al. 1999). Tannins have been identified as a critical factor ...
... across leaf types is secondary plant compounds, like tannins, which may be higher in some lead species and which are known to negatively affect the performance (e.g., size, growth rates) of Ae. albopictus and other mosquito species (Rey et al. 1999). Tannins have been identified as a critical factor ...
The Zoogeography of Mammalian Basal Metabolic Rate
... does not adequately predict the BMR of mammals (Hayssen and Lacy 1985; McNab 1988; Heusner 1991). For example, log-transformed BMR data have been described better by two regression lines (data outside and within 95% confidence intervals) with similar slopes of 0.67 but different intercepts (Heusner ...
... does not adequately predict the BMR of mammals (Hayssen and Lacy 1985; McNab 1988; Heusner 1991). For example, log-transformed BMR data have been described better by two regression lines (data outside and within 95% confidence intervals) with similar slopes of 0.67 but different intercepts (Heusner ...
Negative effects of an autogenic ecosystem engineer: interactions
... conducted at San Antonio Bay (Argentina: 40° 45’ S, 65° 55’ W) from September 2003 to March 2004. This is an 80 km2 embayment affected by up to 9 m semidiurnal tides. The intertidal zone is characterized by sandy pebble flats at lower tidal elevations (i.e. 0 to 4 m above the mean low tide level [he ...
... conducted at San Antonio Bay (Argentina: 40° 45’ S, 65° 55’ W) from September 2003 to March 2004. This is an 80 km2 embayment affected by up to 9 m semidiurnal tides. The intertidal zone is characterized by sandy pebble flats at lower tidal elevations (i.e. 0 to 4 m above the mean low tide level [he ...
The impacts of an introduced mammalian predator (Mus musculus
... The introduction of foreign species is widely considered one of the most significant causes of loss of biodiversity worldwide, and this holds true for New Zealand (Vitousek et al. 1997b, Salo et al. 2007). The arrival of European settlers in the early 19th century consequently resulted in the introd ...
... The introduction of foreign species is widely considered one of the most significant causes of loss of biodiversity worldwide, and this holds true for New Zealand (Vitousek et al. 1997b, Salo et al. 2007). The arrival of European settlers in the early 19th century consequently resulted in the introd ...
Ecological interactions of marine sponges1 - FSU Biology
... reproduced with permission). The sole manipulations of the images (all originals are 35 mm slides, scanned, and manipulated in Adobe Photoshop® CS version 8) were cropping from the edges so that only the relevant portions are included, and removal of suspended particles in some of the backgrounds. ( ...
... reproduced with permission). The sole manipulations of the images (all originals are 35 mm slides, scanned, and manipulated in Adobe Photoshop® CS version 8) were cropping from the edges so that only the relevant portions are included, and removal of suspended particles in some of the backgrounds. ( ...
Rotifera X
... which are likely to benefit further from the molecular ecological approach. It is now feasible to obtain representative DNA sequences from identified rotifer species for use in genomic-based surveys for determining rotifers in new sample collections, circumventing the difficulties that go with tradition ...
... which are likely to benefit further from the molecular ecological approach. It is now feasible to obtain representative DNA sequences from identified rotifer species for use in genomic-based surveys for determining rotifers in new sample collections, circumventing the difficulties that go with tradition ...
Theoretical ecology
![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/FoodWeb.jpg?width=300)
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.