Preview Sample 1
... b. the study of the interaction of organisms and their environment. c. a place where organisms live. d. what happens when a predator consumes a prey item. e. the study of the physical environment in an ecosystem. ANS: B ...
... b. the study of the interaction of organisms and their environment. c. a place where organisms live. d. what happens when a predator consumes a prey item. e. the study of the physical environment in an ecosystem. ANS: B ...
BEST PRACTICE IN RESTORATION
... conservation value. These semi-natural communities, for example grassland and heathlands, often require very infertile soils in order to maintain themselves. This is pretty well established and it is also well known that such elevated increase in fertility can be brought about through a range of mec ...
... conservation value. These semi-natural communities, for example grassland and heathlands, often require very infertile soils in order to maintain themselves. This is pretty well established and it is also well known that such elevated increase in fertility can be brought about through a range of mec ...
- Wiley Online Library
... respectively). In this review we discuss all three types of Cendophyte with a focus on Type III C-endophytes, because they – like the NC-endophytes treated here – grow within plant tissues without manifesting symptoms of disease. Transmission of Class 1 endophytes is primarily vertical, with materna ...
... respectively). In this review we discuss all three types of Cendophyte with a focus on Type III C-endophytes, because they – like the NC-endophytes treated here – grow within plant tissues without manifesting symptoms of disease. Transmission of Class 1 endophytes is primarily vertical, with materna ...
measuring habitat quality: a review
... managers, but few papers have explored the advantages and disadvantages of different ways to measure it. In this review I clarify terminology and distinguish habitat quality from related terms, differentiate habitat quality at the levels of individual birds and populations, and describe different fi ...
... managers, but few papers have explored the advantages and disadvantages of different ways to measure it. In this review I clarify terminology and distinguish habitat quality from related terms, differentiate habitat quality at the levels of individual birds and populations, and describe different fi ...
best practice in restoration
... conservation value. These semi-natural communities, for example grassland and heathlands, often require very infertile soils in order to maintain themselves. This is pretty well established and it is also well known that such elevated increase in fertility can be brought about through a range of mec ...
... conservation value. These semi-natural communities, for example grassland and heathlands, often require very infertile soils in order to maintain themselves. This is pretty well established and it is also well known that such elevated increase in fertility can be brought about through a range of mec ...
Associational plant refuges : convergent patterns
... and the mean change in Sorgasum mass did not exceed this, we are not able to analyze this comparison. The second comparison answers the question: is Gracilaria with Sargassum less susceptible to urchins than Gracilaria alone? Gracilaria alone (*& 1 SE = -44.3% +7.4%) is consumed significantly more ( ...
... and the mean change in Sorgasum mass did not exceed this, we are not able to analyze this comparison. The second comparison answers the question: is Gracilaria with Sargassum less susceptible to urchins than Gracilaria alone? Gracilaria alone (*& 1 SE = -44.3% +7.4%) is consumed significantly more ( ...
WILD About Black-footed Ferrets
... WILD about Black-footed Ferrets invites your students and community to celebrate the progress of the black-footed ferret recovery program and get involved in the black-footed ferrets’ journey home. Every activity is designed to encourage creative thinking and problem-solving skills – both of which a ...
... WILD about Black-footed Ferrets invites your students and community to celebrate the progress of the black-footed ferret recovery program and get involved in the black-footed ferrets’ journey home. Every activity is designed to encourage creative thinking and problem-solving skills – both of which a ...
Using an ecological framework to resolve issues in forensic
... oviposition decisions exhibit plasticity with varying temperature, but shifts in oviposition would be influenced to a greater extent by heterospecifics to either avoid competition or benefit from facilitation. I predicted that species interactions would either facilitate faster development, greater ...
... oviposition decisions exhibit plasticity with varying temperature, but shifts in oviposition would be influenced to a greater extent by heterospecifics to either avoid competition or benefit from facilitation. I predicted that species interactions would either facilitate faster development, greater ...
The conceptual models and management and community needs for
... ii. Workshop 2 (May 15-17, 2012, Anchorage, Alaska, USA) - Designing an Integrated Arctic Terrestrial Biodiversity Monitoring Plan .............................................................................................................................191 ...
... ii. Workshop 2 (May 15-17, 2012, Anchorage, Alaska, USA) - Designing an Integrated Arctic Terrestrial Biodiversity Monitoring Plan .............................................................................................................................191 ...
Annotated bibliography of demersal fish feeding with emphasis on
... mysids, euphausids, amphipods, and shrimp were important. Medium sized cod feed on larger crustaceans and pelagic fish with larger cod feeding on larger fish including pleuronectids. The occurrence of flatfish in stomachs of cod <70 ern is very low but this increases steadily for cod between 70-99 e ...
... mysids, euphausids, amphipods, and shrimp were important. Medium sized cod feed on larger crustaceans and pelagic fish with larger cod feeding on larger fish including pleuronectids. The occurrence of flatfish in stomachs of cod <70 ern is very low but this increases steadily for cod between 70-99 e ...
Selection of Northern Yellowstone Elk by Gray Wolves and Hunters
... 1995–2001. We assessed the effects of hunting and wolf predation on reproductive female elk by constructing a life table and calculating reproductive values for females in the northern Yellowstone herd. We devised an index of total reproductive impact to measure impacts to calf production due to hun ...
... 1995–2001. We assessed the effects of hunting and wolf predation on reproductive female elk by constructing a life table and calculating reproductive values for females in the northern Yellowstone herd. We devised an index of total reproductive impact to measure impacts to calf production due to hun ...
factsheet snowshoe hare en
... snowshoe hares are likely to flee; often, they will see predators before being seen, and can move away undetected. They travel by bounding, sometimes covering 3 m at a time, and they can travel as fast as 45 km/h. This is one way in which hares differ from rabbits—while hares are likely to run to es ...
... snowshoe hares are likely to flee; often, they will see predators before being seen, and can move away undetected. They travel by bounding, sometimes covering 3 m at a time, and they can travel as fast as 45 km/h. This is one way in which hares differ from rabbits—while hares are likely to run to es ...
Direct and legacy effects of longterm elevated CO2 on fine root
... The atmospheric concentration of CO2 has increased from a preindustrial level (c. 1750) of c. 270 ppm to a current level of c. 394 ppm, an increase of 124 ppm, or 45%. Most studies indicate that CO2 levels will at least double from preindustrial levels over the next five to ten decades. This increas ...
... The atmospheric concentration of CO2 has increased from a preindustrial level (c. 1750) of c. 270 ppm to a current level of c. 394 ppm, an increase of 124 ppm, or 45%. Most studies indicate that CO2 levels will at least double from preindustrial levels over the next five to ten decades. This increas ...
The evolutionary significance of butterfly eyespots
... 2008; Kodandaramaiah et al. 2009) answered this question. The latter 2 studies used artificial ‘‘prey,’’ triangular pieces of waterproof paper with specific designs printed on them, and were not intended to mimic any particular species. A mealworm was placed either at the center of the triangle or u ...
... 2008; Kodandaramaiah et al. 2009) answered this question. The latter 2 studies used artificial ‘‘prey,’’ triangular pieces of waterproof paper with specific designs printed on them, and were not intended to mimic any particular species. A mealworm was placed either at the center of the triangle or u ...
Influence of intraguild interactions on resource use by
... clusters of GPS locations are not formed. To assess potential differences in predation efficiency between wolverines and lynx we divided the total number of killed reindeer by the number of monitoring days (all individuals and predation periods pooled) for each species. Wolverine use of reindeer car ...
... clusters of GPS locations are not formed. To assess potential differences in predation efficiency between wolverines and lynx we divided the total number of killed reindeer by the number of monitoring days (all individuals and predation periods pooled) for each species. Wolverine use of reindeer car ...
Influence of intraguild interactions on resource use by
... clusters of GPS locations are not formed. To assess potential differences in predation efficiency between wolverines and lynx we divided the total number of killed reindeer by the number of monitoring days (all individuals and predation periods pooled) for each species. Wolverine use of reindeer car ...
... clusters of GPS locations are not formed. To assess potential differences in predation efficiency between wolverines and lynx we divided the total number of killed reindeer by the number of monitoring days (all individuals and predation periods pooled) for each species. Wolverine use of reindeer car ...
Thesis in pdf
... ”primarily non-biotic, stochastic events that results in distinct and abrupt changes in the composition and which interfere with internally-driven progress towards self-organisation and ecological equilibrium; such events are understood to operate through the medium of (e.g.) weather and at the freq ...
... ”primarily non-biotic, stochastic events that results in distinct and abrupt changes in the composition and which interfere with internally-driven progress towards self-organisation and ecological equilibrium; such events are understood to operate through the medium of (e.g.) weather and at the freq ...
FREE Sample Here
... 22. In the carbon cycle, animals play a fundamental role by: a. decreasing the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide. b. increasing the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide as a result of respiration. c. increasing the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide as a result of photosynthesis. d. decreasing the am ...
... 22. In the carbon cycle, animals play a fundamental role by: a. decreasing the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide. b. increasing the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide as a result of respiration. c. increasing the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide as a result of photosynthesis. d. decreasing the am ...
How do transposable elements work - Zoology, UBC
... Would the elongated neck of a giraffe have any relation to its survival with regards to other predators? what are the conditions for natural selection? Why are zebra’s striped? how does natural selection know what to select so that we can evolve properly to the environments changes? With growing amo ...
... Would the elongated neck of a giraffe have any relation to its survival with regards to other predators? what are the conditions for natural selection? Why are zebra’s striped? how does natural selection know what to select so that we can evolve properly to the environments changes? With growing amo ...
Abstract Book (, ~2 MB in size)
... Most fishes perform stereotyped fast-start responses to escape predation when threatened, and a fish's ability to perform these responses can directly affect survival. As a result, individuals should be able to maximize fast-start performance even under physiologically limiting conditions such as hy ...
... Most fishes perform stereotyped fast-start responses to escape predation when threatened, and a fish's ability to perform these responses can directly affect survival. As a result, individuals should be able to maximize fast-start performance even under physiologically limiting conditions such as hy ...
Review of Seabird Demographic Rates and Density Dependence
... species this was only available for a limited number of species. The survival and productivity rates of sea ducks were largely lacking, with the exception of common eider. An estimate for age of recruitment was available for all of the seabird and sea duck species considered. There was considerably ...
... species this was only available for a limited number of species. The survival and productivity rates of sea ducks were largely lacking, with the exception of common eider. An estimate for age of recruitment was available for all of the seabird and sea duck species considered. There was considerably ...
Grazing of protozoa and its effect on populations of aquatic bacteria
... bacterial morphotypes of various morphology and taxonomy. The term has been used for linear and curved threadlike bacteria (no visible septae), as well as for chain-forming bacteria (for photos see [18,19,23,25]). It has been demonstrated that ¢lamentous bacteria can belong to the phylogenetic group ...
... bacterial morphotypes of various morphology and taxonomy. The term has been used for linear and curved threadlike bacteria (no visible septae), as well as for chain-forming bacteria (for photos see [18,19,23,25]). It has been demonstrated that ¢lamentous bacteria can belong to the phylogenetic group ...
... test (acceptor) species lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) were exposed in order to determine where the strongest allelopathic potential resides. Moreover, differential potency of crude extracts prepared with the two solvents (polar and non-polar) would at least provide ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.