Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach Molecular Interactions 1
... 36) Protein specificity is A) the activation of a specific protein that is needed to perform a particular function. B) the degree to which a protein is attracted to a ligand. C) the ability of a protein to bind a certain ligand or a group of related ligands. D) the degree to which a protein-ligand ...
... 36) Protein specificity is A) the activation of a specific protein that is needed to perform a particular function. B) the degree to which a protein is attracted to a ligand. C) the ability of a protein to bind a certain ligand or a group of related ligands. D) the degree to which a protein-ligand ...
Chapter 5
... • Lipids are the one class of large biological molecules that do not form polymers • The unifying feature of lipids is having little or no affinity for water • Lipids are hydrophobic because they consist mostly of hydrocarbons, which form nonpolar covalent bonds • The most biologically important lip ...
... • Lipids are the one class of large biological molecules that do not form polymers • The unifying feature of lipids is having little or no affinity for water • Lipids are hydrophobic because they consist mostly of hydrocarbons, which form nonpolar covalent bonds • The most biologically important lip ...
Introduction into Metabolism and Energy Exchange in Human
... pathway is a sequence of enzymatic reactions, which provides the formation of some important products for human organism. All metabolic pathways provide the constant level of all important substances in a cell (homeostasis). The most important substances in the cell are: proteins, nucleic acids, lip ...
... pathway is a sequence of enzymatic reactions, which provides the formation of some important products for human organism. All metabolic pathways provide the constant level of all important substances in a cell (homeostasis). The most important substances in the cell are: proteins, nucleic acids, lip ...
AP Details for Protein Synthesis
... • ATP AMP • bond is unstable • so it can release amino acid at ribosome easily Trp ...
... • ATP AMP • bond is unstable • so it can release amino acid at ribosome easily Trp ...
File
... Cracking the genetic code • The first codon was deciphered in 1961 by Marshall Nirenberg of the National Institute of Health (NIH) • He synthesized an mRNA by linking only uracil- bearing RNA nucleotides • The artificial mRNA (poly U) was translated into a polypeptide containing a string of only ...
... Cracking the genetic code • The first codon was deciphered in 1961 by Marshall Nirenberg of the National Institute of Health (NIH) • He synthesized an mRNA by linking only uracil- bearing RNA nucleotides • The artificial mRNA (poly U) was translated into a polypeptide containing a string of only ...
23.1 The Citric Acid Cycle
... • oxidizes the two-carbon acetyl group in acetyl CoA to CO2. • produces reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2. • is named for the six-carbon citrate ion from citric acid (C6H8O7), a tricarboxylic acid, formed in the first reaction. • is also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle. ...
... • oxidizes the two-carbon acetyl group in acetyl CoA to CO2. • produces reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2. • is named for the six-carbon citrate ion from citric acid (C6H8O7), a tricarboxylic acid, formed in the first reaction. • is also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle. ...
Chemistry 2011-2012
... SC1 Students will analyze the nature of matter and its classifications. SC1a. Relate the role of nuclear fusion in producing essentially all elements heavier than helium. SC1b. Identify substances based on chemical and physical properties. SC2 Students will relate how the Law of Conservation of Matt ...
... SC1 Students will analyze the nature of matter and its classifications. SC1a. Relate the role of nuclear fusion in producing essentially all elements heavier than helium. SC1b. Identify substances based on chemical and physical properties. SC2 Students will relate how the Law of Conservation of Matt ...
ch 3 test-exchanging materials with the environment
... excretory system: maintains the water balance – keeps water you need and gets rid of the excess the exchange of materials, including the removal of wastes, is essential to maintaining homeostasis homeostasis: the balanced and controlled conditions in the internal environment of an organism 3 types o ...
... excretory system: maintains the water balance – keeps water you need and gets rid of the excess the exchange of materials, including the removal of wastes, is essential to maintaining homeostasis homeostasis: the balanced and controlled conditions in the internal environment of an organism 3 types o ...
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
... the but the acetyl (acetate) group! I have used this example to show, once again, the complex interactions that must occur between organelles! (Note: There are actually two reactions required to convert the OAA to pyruvate in the cytosol, but for simplicity I have not described them). ...
... the but the acetyl (acetate) group! I have used this example to show, once again, the complex interactions that must occur between organelles! (Note: There are actually two reactions required to convert the OAA to pyruvate in the cytosol, but for simplicity I have not described them). ...
1.1 The Study of Life
... • A system is an organized group of interacting parts. – A cell is a system of chemicals and processes. – A body system includes organs that interact. – An ecosystem includes living and nonliving things that interact. ...
... • A system is an organized group of interacting parts. – A cell is a system of chemicals and processes. – A body system includes organs that interact. – An ecosystem includes living and nonliving things that interact. ...
26 DNA Transcription - School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
... amino acid and the correct (cognate) tRNA is catalyzed by a specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (one for each amino acid). The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases establish and enforce the genetic code. 4)MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ~22 nucleotides in length and are found only in eukaryotic cells (but not fungi, a ...
... amino acid and the correct (cognate) tRNA is catalyzed by a specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (one for each amino acid). The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases establish and enforce the genetic code. 4)MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ~22 nucleotides in length and are found only in eukaryotic cells (but not fungi, a ...
The Role of NaCl in the Lysis of Staphylococcus
... Total amino acids and amino sugars were determined on a Technicon Analyzer (Technicon Corp., Chauncey, New York) according to the instructions of the manufacturer. Preparation of enzyme and determination of its activity. Lysostaphin prepared and purified by Mead Johnson Research Center, Evansville, ...
... Total amino acids and amino sugars were determined on a Technicon Analyzer (Technicon Corp., Chauncey, New York) according to the instructions of the manufacturer. Preparation of enzyme and determination of its activity. Lysostaphin prepared and purified by Mead Johnson Research Center, Evansville, ...
RESPIRATION IN PLANTS
... Two most important prerequisites of life are continuous supply of materials for growth of body and energy for carrying out various life processes. All systems, from a single cell to ecosystem, require energy to work. As you have already studied, light energy is converted into chemical energy by plan ...
... Two most important prerequisites of life are continuous supply of materials for growth of body and energy for carrying out various life processes. All systems, from a single cell to ecosystem, require energy to work. As you have already studied, light energy is converted into chemical energy by plan ...
Energy Generation in Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
... the sites where the outer and inner membranes are ...
... the sites where the outer and inner membranes are ...
File
... Heat-killed bacteria passed their disease-causing ability to harmless strain - called this transformation (one strain had been transformed into another) ...
... Heat-killed bacteria passed their disease-causing ability to harmless strain - called this transformation (one strain had been transformed into another) ...
Test Example
... (a) List the types of noncovalent interactions that are important in providing stability to the threedimensional structures of macromolecules. (b) Why is it important that these interactions be noncovalent, rather than covalent, bonds? Ans: (a) Noncovalent interactions include hydrogen bonds, ionic ...
... (a) List the types of noncovalent interactions that are important in providing stability to the threedimensional structures of macromolecules. (b) Why is it important that these interactions be noncovalent, rather than covalent, bonds? Ans: (a) Noncovalent interactions include hydrogen bonds, ionic ...
Enzymes - WordPress.com
... • Enzymes are protein catalysts that increase the velocity of a chemical reaction, and are not consumed during the reaction they catalyze. [Note: Some types of RNA can act like enzymes, usually catalyzing the cleavage and synthesis of phosphodiester bonds. RNAs with catalytic activity are called rib ...
... • Enzymes are protein catalysts that increase the velocity of a chemical reaction, and are not consumed during the reaction they catalyze. [Note: Some types of RNA can act like enzymes, usually catalyzing the cleavage and synthesis of phosphodiester bonds. RNAs with catalytic activity are called rib ...
Document
... 6.1.1 Basic concepts and terminology Constitutional isomers: molecules with same molecular formular but different connectivity between the atoms. e.g.) 1-bromo and 2-bromobutane Stereoisomers: molecules that have the same connectivity but differ in the arrangement of atoms in space. e.g) cis- and t ...
... 6.1.1 Basic concepts and terminology Constitutional isomers: molecules with same molecular formular but different connectivity between the atoms. e.g.) 1-bromo and 2-bromobutane Stereoisomers: molecules that have the same connectivity but differ in the arrangement of atoms in space. e.g) cis- and t ...
Lecture 2b Intermolecular Forces
... N-H ⋄⋄⋄ :N−# # O-H ⋄⋄⋄ :N−# # F-H ⋄⋄⋄ :N N-H ⋄⋄⋄ :O−# # O-H ⋄⋄⋄ :O−# # F-H ⋄⋄⋄ :O# N-H ⋄⋄⋄ :F−# # O-H ⋄⋄⋄ :F−# # F-H ⋄⋄⋄ :F# Hydrogen bonding between NH3 and H2O leads to NH4OH, ammonium hydroxide. Hydrogen bonding in water is particularly strong because water contains 2 hydrogens bound to oxygen, a ...
... N-H ⋄⋄⋄ :N−# # O-H ⋄⋄⋄ :N−# # F-H ⋄⋄⋄ :N N-H ⋄⋄⋄ :O−# # O-H ⋄⋄⋄ :O−# # F-H ⋄⋄⋄ :O# N-H ⋄⋄⋄ :F−# # O-H ⋄⋄⋄ :F−# # F-H ⋄⋄⋄ :F# Hydrogen bonding between NH3 and H2O leads to NH4OH, ammonium hydroxide. Hydrogen bonding in water is particularly strong because water contains 2 hydrogens bound to oxygen, a ...
Biochemistry
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Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.