Lecture 4: Amino Acids
... Structural hierarchy in proteins • Primary structure (1º structure)-for a protein is the amino acid sequence of its polypeptide chain(s). • Secondary structure (2º structure)-the local spatial arrangement of a polypeptide’s backbone atoms without regard to the conformations of their side chains. • ...
... Structural hierarchy in proteins • Primary structure (1º structure)-for a protein is the amino acid sequence of its polypeptide chain(s). • Secondary structure (2º structure)-the local spatial arrangement of a polypeptide’s backbone atoms without regard to the conformations of their side chains. • ...
LESSON
... they contain weakly acidic and weakly basic groups. C. they are able to absorb great amounts of carbon dioxide during condensation reactions. D. they produce carbonic acid upon hydrolysis. E. All of these. ...
... they contain weakly acidic and weakly basic groups. C. they are able to absorb great amounts of carbon dioxide during condensation reactions. D. they produce carbonic acid upon hydrolysis. E. All of these. ...
AP Biology Study Guide – 2016
... pool of the next generation relative to the contributions of other members. Fitness does not indicate strength or size. It is measured only by reproductive success. The Chemistry of Life: Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass An element is a substance that cannot be broken down to ...
... pool of the next generation relative to the contributions of other members. Fitness does not indicate strength or size. It is measured only by reproductive success. The Chemistry of Life: Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass An element is a substance that cannot be broken down to ...
Protein Synthesis Notes: Transcription and Translation
... Codon: group of ___________ nucleotides on the messenger RNA that specifies one amino acid. 3. _______________ (transfer RNA) carries amino acids to the mRNA. 4. This tRNA has an ________________ that matches the codon on the mRNA strand. _____________________: group of 3 unpaired nucleotides on a t ...
... Codon: group of ___________ nucleotides on the messenger RNA that specifies one amino acid. 3. _______________ (transfer RNA) carries amino acids to the mRNA. 4. This tRNA has an ________________ that matches the codon on the mRNA strand. _____________________: group of 3 unpaired nucleotides on a t ...
Amino Acid Structure
... White = Hydrogen Red = Oxygen Blue = Nitrogen Sulfur = Yellow 6. Go to Amino Acid ID Quiz http://www.bio.cmu.edu/Courses/BiochemMols/aaIDCQz/aaQCMain.htm 7. Take the quiz and write your results on question #10. Questions: 1. What is biochemistry? 2. What is an amino acid? 3. How many amino acids are ...
... White = Hydrogen Red = Oxygen Blue = Nitrogen Sulfur = Yellow 6. Go to Amino Acid ID Quiz http://www.bio.cmu.edu/Courses/BiochemMols/aaIDCQz/aaQCMain.htm 7. Take the quiz and write your results on question #10. Questions: 1. What is biochemistry? 2. What is an amino acid? 3. How many amino acids are ...
notes for mondays lab
... to keep tissues, cells, and proteins intact during maceration 2. Proteinase K: an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of cellular proteins by splitting them into smaller peptides and amino acids 3. Buffer AL: a cell lysis solution that breaks open cell and nuclear membranes 4. Ethanol: used to preci ...
... to keep tissues, cells, and proteins intact during maceration 2. Proteinase K: an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of cellular proteins by splitting them into smaller peptides and amino acids 3. Buffer AL: a cell lysis solution that breaks open cell and nuclear membranes 4. Ethanol: used to preci ...
Fermentation Quiz
... 10. What is the net gain in ATP molecules produced during the reactions of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions? a) 0 b) 2 c) 4 d) 6 ...
... 10. What is the net gain in ATP molecules produced during the reactions of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions? a) 0 b) 2 c) 4 d) 6 ...
Document
... the ETC. The energy released creates a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The protons flow down this concentration gradient back across the inner mitochondrial membrane through the ATP Synthase Enzyme. This driving force makes this enzyme rotate, and this conformational change ...
... the ETC. The energy released creates a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The protons flow down this concentration gradient back across the inner mitochondrial membrane through the ATP Synthase Enzyme. This driving force makes this enzyme rotate, and this conformational change ...
Mader/Biology, 11/e – Chapter Outline
... 1. The next reactions of cellular respiration involve the preparatory (prep) reaction, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain. 2. These reactions occur in the mitochondria. 3. A mitochondrion has a double membrane with an intermembrane space (between the outer and inner membrane). 4 ...
... 1. The next reactions of cellular respiration involve the preparatory (prep) reaction, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain. 2. These reactions occur in the mitochondria. 3. A mitochondrion has a double membrane with an intermembrane space (between the outer and inner membrane). 4 ...
Directed Reading
... because cells can “spend it” in order to carry out cellular processes that require energy. 13. Energy is released from an ATP molecule when a phosphate group is removed from the molecule, forming an ADP molecule. 14. Many of the chemical reactions of metabolism require energy. The breakdown of ATP i ...
... because cells can “spend it” in order to carry out cellular processes that require energy. 13. Energy is released from an ATP molecule when a phosphate group is removed from the molecule, forming an ADP molecule. 14. Many of the chemical reactions of metabolism require energy. The breakdown of ATP i ...
Basics Terms of Life Science Cells
... The DNA sequence is the particular sideby-side arrangement of bases along the DNA molecule. The order of bases is important in determining the characteristics of an organism. ...
... The DNA sequence is the particular sideby-side arrangement of bases along the DNA molecule. The order of bases is important in determining the characteristics of an organism. ...
C8eBookCh05LegendsTables Щ Figure 5.1 Why do scientists study
... The other main type of secondary structure is the pleated sheet. As shown above, in this structure two or more regions of the polypeptide chain lying side by side are connected by hydrogen bonds between parts of the two parallel polypeptide backbones. Pleated sheets make up the core of many globul ...
... The other main type of secondary structure is the pleated sheet. As shown above, in this structure two or more regions of the polypeptide chain lying side by side are connected by hydrogen bonds between parts of the two parallel polypeptide backbones. Pleated sheets make up the core of many globul ...
3 | Amino Acids, Peptides, Proteins
... – MALDI MS and ESI MS can precisely identify the mass of a peptide, and thus the amino acid sequence – Can be used to determine post‐translational modifications ...
... – MALDI MS and ESI MS can precisely identify the mass of a peptide, and thus the amino acid sequence – Can be used to determine post‐translational modifications ...
Ch 07 Microbial Metabolism
... - Incomplete oxidation of glucose. Does not involve Krebs cycle or ETC - Organic molecules are final electron acceptors. - Some organisms can repress production of ETC proteins when no O2 ...
... - Incomplete oxidation of glucose. Does not involve Krebs cycle or ETC - Organic molecules are final electron acceptors. - Some organisms can repress production of ETC proteins when no O2 ...
Features of the DNA Double Helix - E
... disaccharides, the polysaccharides cannot be directly utilized by the body. They must first be broken down into monosaccharides, the only sugar form the body can use. Polysaccharides contain up to 60,000 simple carbohydrate molecules. These carbohydrate molecules are arranged in long chains in eithe ...
... disaccharides, the polysaccharides cannot be directly utilized by the body. They must first be broken down into monosaccharides, the only sugar form the body can use. Polysaccharides contain up to 60,000 simple carbohydrate molecules. These carbohydrate molecules are arranged in long chains in eithe ...
2 ATP
... 2 Pyruvate, 2 NADH, 2 Net ATP form Enough energy for many single-celled species Not enough energy for large organisms ...
... 2 Pyruvate, 2 NADH, 2 Net ATP form Enough energy for many single-celled species Not enough energy for large organisms ...
cellular respiration
... CELLULAR RESPIRATION • Cellular respiration- releases energy by breaking down food/glucose in the presence of O2 • 6O2 + C6H12O6 →6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP) ...
... CELLULAR RESPIRATION • Cellular respiration- releases energy by breaking down food/glucose in the presence of O2 • 6O2 + C6H12O6 →6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP) ...
Cellular Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy
... • Catabolic pathways feed into the respiratory pathways. • Polysaccharides are broken down into glucose, which enters glycolysis. • Glycerol from fats also enters glycolysis, and acetyl CoA from fatty acid degradation enters the citric acid cycle. • Proteins enter glycolysis and the citric acid cycl ...
... • Catabolic pathways feed into the respiratory pathways. • Polysaccharides are broken down into glucose, which enters glycolysis. • Glycerol from fats also enters glycolysis, and acetyl CoA from fatty acid degradation enters the citric acid cycle. • Proteins enter glycolysis and the citric acid cycl ...
2014 Cellular Respiration ppt
... • Metabolic processes that do not require oxygen and does not produce as many ATP as the aerobic stage.(2 ATP) ...
... • Metabolic processes that do not require oxygen and does not produce as many ATP as the aerobic stage.(2 ATP) ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
... a. colorimeter b. centrifuge c. chromatography d. pH 02. The α – carbon in all amino acids is asymmetric except …. a. proline b. serine c. glycine d. glutamine 03. Which of the following one is a non reducing sugar? a. glucose b. fructose c. maltose d. sucrose 04. The lipid containing a fatty acid, ...
... a. colorimeter b. centrifuge c. chromatography d. pH 02. The α – carbon in all amino acids is asymmetric except …. a. proline b. serine c. glycine d. glutamine 03. Which of the following one is a non reducing sugar? a. glucose b. fructose c. maltose d. sucrose 04. The lipid containing a fatty acid, ...
Calling names
... residues -total mol. wt. of 5,733 • Glutamine synthetase - 12 subunits of 468 residues each - total mol. wt. of 600,000 • Connectin proteins - alpha - MW 2.8 million! ...
... residues -total mol. wt. of 5,733 • Glutamine synthetase - 12 subunits of 468 residues each - total mol. wt. of 600,000 • Connectin proteins - alpha - MW 2.8 million! ...
Anaerobic Respiration - University of Indianapolis
... electron transport chain (becoming NAD+ again) and eventually to O2 Anaerobic respiration: Without O2, NADH has nowhere to donate its eto, NAD+ cannot be regenerated, and glycolysis stops ...
... electron transport chain (becoming NAD+ again) and eventually to O2 Anaerobic respiration: Without O2, NADH has nowhere to donate its eto, NAD+ cannot be regenerated, and glycolysis stops ...
Biochemistry
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Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.