GLOBAL DISASTER RESILIENCE The Paradigm for 2014 That
... HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS ECONOMIC LOSSES REACHING HUNDREDS OF BILLIONS ...
... HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS ECONOMIC LOSSES REACHING HUNDREDS OF BILLIONS ...
a new understanding of fluid-rock deformation
... source-to-receiver geometry. Such detailed sections are expensive offshore, where many major oil fields are situated, and one of the major expenses is laying areal arrays of sea-floor geophones for optimal time-lapse seismics. Figure 5 shows time-lapse signals contaminated by substantial temporal va ...
... source-to-receiver geometry. Such detailed sections are expensive offshore, where many major oil fields are situated, and one of the major expenses is laying areal arrays of sea-floor geophones for optimal time-lapse seismics. Figure 5 shows time-lapse signals contaminated by substantial temporal va ...
Lesson 1: Introduction Objectives: Students will: • Familiarize
... (This world map also shows the location of Earth’s tectonic boundaries). Explain to students that the yellow lines indicate Earth’s plate boundaries and the circular spots indicate location of recent earthquakes around the world. Explain to students that the different colors on the map are there to ...
... (This world map also shows the location of Earth’s tectonic boundaries). Explain to students that the yellow lines indicate Earth’s plate boundaries and the circular spots indicate location of recent earthquakes around the world. Explain to students that the different colors on the map are there to ...
Student Worksheet: Visualizing Relationships Between Earthquakes
... Changes. These vectors are modeled from many types of scientific measurements and datasets to create a general vector for each region of a tectonic plate. 3. On your map on Page 6, draw the locations where the vectors are very different from each other (for example places where the vectors are movin ...
... Changes. These vectors are modeled from many types of scientific measurements and datasets to create a general vector for each region of a tectonic plate. 3. On your map on Page 6, draw the locations where the vectors are very different from each other (for example places where the vectors are movin ...
5faults.landforms
... Landforms that are created when plates collide or separate are caused by diastrophism ...
... Landforms that are created when plates collide or separate are caused by diastrophism ...
Plate and Volcano Information
... volcanoes. Shield volcanoes form from magma that is not under much pressure. It oozes out of the ground producing a wide volcano that is not very tall. The Hawaiian Islands are shield volcanoes, with each island being a separate volcano. Cinder cone volcanoes form from magma under a lot of pressure. ...
... volcanoes. Shield volcanoes form from magma that is not under much pressure. It oozes out of the ground producing a wide volcano that is not very tall. The Hawaiian Islands are shield volcanoes, with each island being a separate volcano. Cinder cone volcanoes form from magma under a lot of pressure. ...
Physical Geology Practice Final Exam – Spring 2011 Part A. The
... A) bounded above and below by igneous and/or metamorphic rocks B) that is unique to a specific area C) that represents a repeating set of events, such as recurring floods and debris flows D) used as a chronological record of the geologic history of a region ...
... A) bounded above and below by igneous and/or metamorphic rocks B) that is unique to a specific area C) that represents a repeating set of events, such as recurring floods and debris flows D) used as a chronological record of the geologic history of a region ...
origin of tsunami
... the overlying water. Tectonic earthquakes are a particular kind of earthquake that are associated with the earth's crust deformation; when these earthquakes occur beneath the sea, the water above the deformed area is displaced from its equilibrium position. Waves are formed as the displaced water ma ...
... the overlying water. Tectonic earthquakes are a particular kind of earthquake that are associated with the earth's crust deformation; when these earthquakes occur beneath the sea, the water above the deformed area is displaced from its equilibrium position. Waves are formed as the displaced water ma ...
The Nature of Tectonic Plates
... people in California, Japan, Italy, and many other places. If you live in Florida Panhandle, don’t expect much in the way of earthquakes and volcanoes because that area is quite distant from a plate boundary, although you may want to keep an eye open for tornadoes and hurricanes. To see two maps tha ...
... people in California, Japan, Italy, and many other places. If you live in Florida Panhandle, don’t expect much in the way of earthquakes and volcanoes because that area is quite distant from a plate boundary, although you may want to keep an eye open for tornadoes and hurricanes. To see two maps tha ...
Multi-station Seismograph Network
... Lithosphere—solid, rocky, outer part of the Earth, ~100 km thick (50 miles) comprised of the crust and the solid portion of the mantle. The thickness is age dependent with older lithosphere is thicker than younger oceanic lithosphere. The lithosphere below the crust is brittle enough at some locatio ...
... Lithosphere—solid, rocky, outer part of the Earth, ~100 km thick (50 miles) comprised of the crust and the solid portion of the mantle. The thickness is age dependent with older lithosphere is thicker than younger oceanic lithosphere. The lithosphere below the crust is brittle enough at some locatio ...
ppt
... Seismic velocity and attenuation tomography of the mantle wedge Anisotropy - constraints on mantle flow in arcs Seismic coupling: Why do island arcs lack large thrust earthquakes? ...
... Seismic velocity and attenuation tomography of the mantle wedge Anisotropy - constraints on mantle flow in arcs Seismic coupling: Why do island arcs lack large thrust earthquakes? ...
seismotectonics of the northern andes (colombia)
... Four large (M>7) events occurred along the subduction zone of the Ecuador-Colombia coast. The 1906 event (Ms 8.7) ruptured approximately 500km of the trench. Three smaller events in 1942 (Ms 7.9), 1958 (Ms 7.8) and 1979 (Ms 7.7) ruptured approximately the same area, although the seismic moment of th ...
... Four large (M>7) events occurred along the subduction zone of the Ecuador-Colombia coast. The 1906 event (Ms 8.7) ruptured approximately 500km of the trench. Three smaller events in 1942 (Ms 7.9), 1958 (Ms 7.8) and 1979 (Ms 7.7) ruptured approximately the same area, although the seismic moment of th ...
Ch. 10 Crustal Deformation
... displacements has taken place. Large faults, like the San Andreas Fault in California, have displacements of hundreds of kilometers and consist of many interconnecting fault surface. Fault zones can be easy to identify from high-altitude photographs than at ground level. Sudden movements along fault ...
... displacements has taken place. Large faults, like the San Andreas Fault in California, have displacements of hundreds of kilometers and consist of many interconnecting fault surface. Fault zones can be easy to identify from high-altitude photographs than at ground level. Sudden movements along fault ...
Tsunamigenic earthquakes in the Gulf of Cadiz
... system in which the threat caused by any large-magnitude earthquake in the area is estimated from a comprehensive database of scenarios. In this paper we summarize the knowledge about the active tectonics in the Gulf of Cadiz and integrate the available seismological information in order to propose ...
... system in which the threat caused by any large-magnitude earthquake in the area is estimated from a comprehensive database of scenarios. In this paper we summarize the knowledge about the active tectonics in the Gulf of Cadiz and integrate the available seismological information in order to propose ...
Chapter 8 Resource: Earthquakes and Volcanoes
... Today, scientists use seismographs to observe and record seismic waves. Before the nineteenth century, however, scientists used other types of instruments to study earthquakes. These instruments did not record seismic waves. Instead, they indicated the magnitude or direction of an earthquake in a ge ...
... Today, scientists use seismographs to observe and record seismic waves. Before the nineteenth century, however, scientists used other types of instruments to study earthquakes. These instruments did not record seismic waves. Instead, they indicated the magnitude or direction of an earthquake in a ge ...
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
... Today, scientists use seismographs to observe and record seismic waves. Before the nineteenth century, however, scientists used other types of instruments to study earthquakes. These instruments did not record seismic waves. Instead, they indicated the magnitude or direction of an earthquake in a ge ...
... Today, scientists use seismographs to observe and record seismic waves. Before the nineteenth century, however, scientists used other types of instruments to study earthquakes. These instruments did not record seismic waves. Instead, they indicated the magnitude or direction of an earthquake in a ge ...
Constraints on the source parameters of low
... continental faults [Shelly and Hardebeck, 2010; Chamberlain et al., 2014]. Like typical earthquakes, LFEs are generated by shear slip, but when compared to earthquakes of similar magnitude, LFEs are depleted in high-frequency content and have lower corner frequencies, implying longer durations. On t ...
... continental faults [Shelly and Hardebeck, 2010; Chamberlain et al., 2014]. Like typical earthquakes, LFEs are generated by shear slip, but when compared to earthquakes of similar magnitude, LFEs are depleted in high-frequency content and have lower corner frequencies, implying longer durations. On t ...
Lab 2: The Interior of the Earth
... • Vibrations of the earths crust are earthquakes. • When an earthquake occurs energy waves radiate out in all directions. These waves are called seismic waves. • Scientist cannot see seismic waves traveling through the Earth but they can detect them with a seismograph. • Seismologists, scientists th ...
... • Vibrations of the earths crust are earthquakes. • When an earthquake occurs energy waves radiate out in all directions. These waves are called seismic waves. • Scientist cannot see seismic waves traveling through the Earth but they can detect them with a seismograph. • Seismologists, scientists th ...
Listening Closely to ‘See’ Into the Earth
... be used for short deployments to record predominantly short-period (i.e. highfrequency) Earth motions. The other can be deployed for a year or more to record Earth motions over a much broader range of periods. Short-period OBSs are usually used in closely spaced arrays for durations of days. They ty ...
... be used for short deployments to record predominantly short-period (i.e. highfrequency) Earth motions. The other can be deployed for a year or more to record Earth motions over a much broader range of periods. Short-period OBSs are usually used in closely spaced arrays for durations of days. They ty ...
docx - UNAVCO
... How will GPS Station B’s position change relative to GPS Station A? Draw an arrow showing the direction. About velocity vectors A vector is a special kind of arrow that shows the direction and speed of an object. In this case, GPS stations are anchored into rock or deep into soil so we can see how t ...
... How will GPS Station B’s position change relative to GPS Station A? Draw an arrow showing the direction. About velocity vectors A vector is a special kind of arrow that shows the direction and speed of an object. In this case, GPS stations are anchored into rock or deep into soil so we can see how t ...
Western United States
... How will GPS Station B’s position change relative to GPS Station A? Draw an arrow showing the direction. About velocity vectors A vector is a special kind of arrow that shows the direction and speed of an object. In this case, GPS stations are anchored into rock or deep into soil so we can see how t ...
... How will GPS Station B’s position change relative to GPS Station A? Draw an arrow showing the direction. About velocity vectors A vector is a special kind of arrow that shows the direction and speed of an object. In this case, GPS stations are anchored into rock or deep into soil so we can see how t ...
Tsunami - meteo.units.it
... Tsunamis can be generated when the sea floor suddenly displaces the overlying water vertically. ...
... Tsunamis can be generated when the sea floor suddenly displaces the overlying water vertically. ...
Multi-station Seismograph Network
... Lithosphere—solid, rocky, outer part of the Earth, ~100 km thick (50 miles) comprised of the crust and the solid portion of the mantle. The thickness is age dependent with older lithosphere is thicker than younger oceanic lithosphere. The lithosphere below the crust is brittle enough at some locatio ...
... Lithosphere—solid, rocky, outer part of the Earth, ~100 km thick (50 miles) comprised of the crust and the solid portion of the mantle. The thickness is age dependent with older lithosphere is thicker than younger oceanic lithosphere. The lithosphere below the crust is brittle enough at some locatio ...
Earthquake
An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the perceptible shaking of the surface of the Earth, which can be violent enough to destroy major buildings and kill thousands of people. The severity of the shaking can range from barely felt to violent enough to toss people around. Earthquakes have destroyed whole cities. They result from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. The seismicity, seismism or seismic activity of an area refers to the frequency, type and size of earthquakes experienced over a period of time.Earthquakes are measured using observations from seismometers. The moment magnitude is the most common scale on which earthquakes larger than approximately 5 are reported for the entire globe. The more numerous earthquakes smaller than magnitude 5 reported by national seismological observatories are measured mostly on the local magnitude scale, also referred to as the Richter magnitude scale. These two scales are numerically similar over their range of validity. Magnitude 3 or lower earthquakes are mostly almost imperceptible or weak and magnitude 7 and over potentially cause serious damage over larger areas, depending on their depth. The largest earthquakes in historic times have been of magnitude slightly over 9, although there is no limit to the possible magnitude. The most recent large earthquake of magnitude 9.0 or larger was a 9.0 magnitude earthquake in Japan in 2011 (as of March 2014), and it was the largest Japanese earthquake since records began. Intensity of shaking is measured on the modified Mercalli scale. The shallower an earthquake, the more damage to structures it causes, all else being equal.At the Earth's surface, earthquakes manifest themselves by shaking and sometimes displacement of the ground. When the epicenter of a large earthquake is located offshore, the seabed may be displaced sufficiently to cause a tsunami. Earthquakes can also trigger landslides, and occasionally volcanic activity.In its most general sense, the word earthquake is used to describe any seismic event — whether natural or caused by humans — that generates seismic waves. Earthquakes are caused mostly by rupture of geological faults, but also by other events such as volcanic activity, landslides, mine blasts, and nuclear tests. An earthquake's point of initial rupture is called its focus or hypocenter. The epicenter is the point at ground level directly above the hypocenter.