increases in puget sound estuarine flood risk under climate change
... REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL: The Weather Research Forecast (WRF) model was used to dynamically downscale GCM projections. Because WRF is run at higher spatial (1/8th degree) and temporal (6 minutes) resolutions that the large scale GCM, it provides much more realistic weather events than are otherwise po ...
... REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL: The Weather Research Forecast (WRF) model was used to dynamically downscale GCM projections. Because WRF is run at higher spatial (1/8th degree) and temporal (6 minutes) resolutions that the large scale GCM, it provides much more realistic weather events than are otherwise po ...
Observing climate change trends in ocean
... • Can climate change signals be detected more rapidly in other biogeochemical variables? pH and SST : yes (14-16 years global average) oxygen, nitrate, export, non-diatoms etc. : no (26-33 years global average) ...
... • Can climate change signals be detected more rapidly in other biogeochemical variables? pH and SST : yes (14-16 years global average) oxygen, nitrate, export, non-diatoms etc. : no (26-33 years global average) ...
Evidence for carbon dioxide and moisture interactions from the leaf
... employed a very wide range of up-to-date atmospheric models that complement the physics currently introduced in most Global Circulation Models (GCMs) for global climate change prediction. Three modeling experiments that go from the small/micro scale (leaf scale and soil moisture) to mesoscale (land- ...
... employed a very wide range of up-to-date atmospheric models that complement the physics currently introduced in most Global Circulation Models (GCMs) for global climate change prediction. Three modeling experiments that go from the small/micro scale (leaf scale and soil moisture) to mesoscale (land- ...
white paper - CommunityViz
... Planners often need to estimate the climate change effects of alternative scenarios. For transportation, the primary considerations are the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that result from the combustion of vehicle fuel and, to a lesser extent, generating electricity for electric cars and rail. Plann ...
... Planners often need to estimate the climate change effects of alternative scenarios. For transportation, the primary considerations are the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that result from the combustion of vehicle fuel and, to a lesser extent, generating electricity for electric cars and rail. Plann ...
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... • Many important developments took place in this period. Most notably George Dantzig invented the simplex method for solving linear programs (LPs) in 1947 – One of the first applications was the diet problem: given foods with varying nutrient amounts, plan a diet that satisfies the desired nutrient ...
... • Many important developments took place in this period. Most notably George Dantzig invented the simplex method for solving linear programs (LPs) in 1947 – One of the first applications was the diet problem: given foods with varying nutrient amounts, plan a diet that satisfies the desired nutrient ...
Modernization and Innovation in the Weather Bureau: From Origins
... meteorologists, Harry Wexler, Jerome Namias, and Horace Byers are three who fulfilled this need. They studied under Rossby and soon brought the Bergen techniques to the weather bureau. Air mass analysis began in the mid‐1930s, however the United States proved to have difficulties that were only ...
... meteorologists, Harry Wexler, Jerome Namias, and Horace Byers are three who fulfilled this need. They studied under Rossby and soon brought the Bergen techniques to the weather bureau. Air mass analysis began in the mid‐1930s, however the United States proved to have difficulties that were only ...
Even several of the wetter runs yield increasing drought due to the
... recent drought bears different properties than its predecessor. In particular, abnormally high temperatures have been more prevalent during the 20002003 drought, with the West nearly 1°C warmer than during the 1950s drought. Climate simulations of PDSI for two near-term 25-year periods (2006-2030 an ...
... recent drought bears different properties than its predecessor. In particular, abnormally high temperatures have been more prevalent during the 20002003 drought, with the West nearly 1°C warmer than during the 1950s drought. Climate simulations of PDSI for two near-term 25-year periods (2006-2030 an ...
Climate change
... Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean or variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate variability refers to variations beyond indi ...
... Climate change refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the mean or variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. Climate variability refers to variations beyond indi ...
The ocean is not a glass of water
... analysis of the team around Prof. Heinke Schlünzen from the Meteorological Institute together with the German Weather Service all the more exciting. According to it, the average temperature in Hamburg-Fuhlsbüttel has increased by 0.07 degrees every ten years since 1891. If we take the last 60 years ...
... analysis of the team around Prof. Heinke Schlünzen from the Meteorological Institute together with the German Weather Service all the more exciting. According to it, the average temperature in Hamburg-Fuhlsbüttel has increased by 0.07 degrees every ten years since 1891. If we take the last 60 years ...
Fire Weather March 14th 2006 - Lake States Fire Science Consortium
... NWS text (FWF) forecasts typically display highest number or “Vent Rate Max” for a 12 hour period Important to remember this “Max” may only last a few hours (when mixing heights are at their peak in the afternoon) ...
... NWS text (FWF) forecasts typically display highest number or “Vent Rate Max” for a 12 hour period Important to remember this “Max” may only last a few hours (when mixing heights are at their peak in the afternoon) ...
Model-simulated CO2-induced changes in seasonal precipitation
... – ”Signal” assumed to be fully determined by multi-model average global mean warming (not exactly true) – Biases in simulated variability may affect width of the pdfs (although this may be partially corrected in post-processing) – No attempt to use observational constraints to weight or scale model- ...
... – ”Signal” assumed to be fully determined by multi-model average global mean warming (not exactly true) – Biases in simulated variability may affect width of the pdfs (although this may be partially corrected in post-processing) – No attempt to use observational constraints to weight or scale model- ...
JAXA Update
... – World‘s first and only space-borne precipitation radar (PR) on-board with microwave radiometer and visible-infrared sensor – Still operational, and continues to provide the data Results of the TRMM – Accurate and highly stable rain measurement in the tropical and sub-tropical region, over the land ...
... – World‘s first and only space-borne precipitation radar (PR) on-board with microwave radiometer and visible-infrared sensor – Still operational, and continues to provide the data Results of the TRMM – Accurate and highly stable rain measurement in the tropical and sub-tropical region, over the land ...
PowerPoint Presentation - University of Reading, Meteorology
... its interannual variability, possibly leading to further devastating droughts and floods. • Sperber & Palmer (1996) found that climatological basic state errors in the tropics could prevent accurate seasonal prediction of precipitation variability. Federov & Philander (2000) realised that such error ...
... its interannual variability, possibly leading to further devastating droughts and floods. • Sperber & Palmer (1996) found that climatological basic state errors in the tropics could prevent accurate seasonal prediction of precipitation variability. Federov & Philander (2000) realised that such error ...
Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S)
... The Service will deliver the following operational services: Daily production of near-real-time analyses and forecasts of global atmospheric ...
... The Service will deliver the following operational services: Daily production of near-real-time analyses and forecasts of global atmospheric ...
ES17-Meteorology and Weather Mapping
... storage types on Earth and in Earth’s atmosphere. Students act as water molecules and move around the room to the different places water is found on Earth. Earth Science 16: Weather - This lesson provides an introduction to weather and the key components that influence it (including temperature, hum ...
... storage types on Earth and in Earth’s atmosphere. Students act as water molecules and move around the room to the different places water is found on Earth. Earth Science 16: Weather - This lesson provides an introduction to weather and the key components that influence it (including temperature, hum ...
- EdShare - University of Southampton
... Also used to explicitly simulate proxies of climate, sea level, ocean circulation, carbon cycle (ongoing research) Additional coupling with models of biogeochemistry, sediments, to produce synthetic ocean core data (see next lecture) GENIE climate simualtions (www.genie.ac.uk) ...
... Also used to explicitly simulate proxies of climate, sea level, ocean circulation, carbon cycle (ongoing research) Additional coupling with models of biogeochemistry, sediments, to produce synthetic ocean core data (see next lecture) GENIE climate simualtions (www.genie.ac.uk) ...
ENSO-Monsoon relationships in current and future climates
... References: Inness, P. M., Slingo, J. M., Guilyardi, E. and Cole, J. (2003), “Simulation of the Madden-Julian Oscillation in a coupled general circulation model. Part II: The role of the basic state” J. Clim. 16: 365-382; Molteni (2003), “Atmospheric simulations using a GCM with simplified physical ...
... References: Inness, P. M., Slingo, J. M., Guilyardi, E. and Cole, J. (2003), “Simulation of the Madden-Julian Oscillation in a coupled general circulation model. Part II: The role of the basic state” J. Clim. 16: 365-382; Molteni (2003), “Atmospheric simulations using a GCM with simplified physical ...
A Mathematical Model to Compute the Crucial Roles of Water Vapor
... The coefficients presumably could be determined by the experiments, or by deciphering global meteorological data over the past years. Note that here is not the same as appeared in equations (1) and (2). It should be noted also that the average background of water vapor cannot be reduced by precipita ...
... The coefficients presumably could be determined by the experiments, or by deciphering global meteorological data over the past years. Note that here is not the same as appeared in equations (1) and (2). It should be noted also that the average background of water vapor cannot be reduced by precipita ...
Atmospheric model
An atmospheric model is a mathematical model constructed around the full set of primitive dynamical equations which govern atmospheric motions. It can supplement these equations with parameterizations for turbulent diffusion, radiation, moist processes (clouds and precipitation), heat exchange, soil, vegetation, surface water, the kinematic effects of terrain, and convection. Most atmospheric models are numerical, i.e. they discretize equations of motion. They can predict microscale phenomena such as tornadoes and boundary layer eddies, sub-microscale turbulent flow over buildings, as well as synoptic and global flows. The horizontal domain of a model is either global, covering the entire Earth, or regional (limited-area), covering only part of the Earth. The different types of models run are thermotropic, barotropic, hydrostatic, and nonhydrostatic. Some of the model types make assumptions about the atmosphere which lengthens the time steps used and increases computational speed.Forecasts are computed using mathematical equations for the physics and dynamics of the atmosphere. These equations are nonlinear and are impossible to solve exactly. Therefore, numerical methods obtain approximate solutions. Different models use different solution methods. Global models often use spectral methods for the horizontal dimensions and finite-difference methods for the vertical dimension, while regional models usually use finite-difference methods in all three dimensions. For specific locations, model output statistics use climate information, output from numerical weather prediction, and current surface weather observations to develop statistical relationships which account for model bias and resolution issues.