Adaptive value of sex in microbial pathogens
... chance effects in finite populations as the main sources of genetic associations that may provide an advantage for sex (Otto and Gerstein, 2006; Peters and Otto, 2003). According to this view, advantageous mutations occurring on advantageous backgrounds will sweep through the population. Disadvantag ...
... chance effects in finite populations as the main sources of genetic associations that may provide an advantage for sex (Otto and Gerstein, 2006; Peters and Otto, 2003). According to this view, advantageous mutations occurring on advantageous backgrounds will sweep through the population. Disadvantag ...
Molecular Evolution in Nonrecombining Regions of the Drosophila
... level of nonsynonymous polymorphism relative to synonymous polymorphism, and a reduced incidence of positive selection. However, in Drosophila melanogaster and its relatives, these studies have mostly focused on the small dot (fourth) chromosome, where recombination is minimal or completely absent ( ...
... level of nonsynonymous polymorphism relative to synonymous polymorphism, and a reduced incidence of positive selection. However, in Drosophila melanogaster and its relatives, these studies have mostly focused on the small dot (fourth) chromosome, where recombination is minimal or completely absent ( ...
File
... (3) there is mutual recessive epistasis; i.e., you need both dominants A and B present to generate wild type. (4) there are duplicate genes involved; i.e., you only generate a mutant with the double recessive a/a;b/b. (5) the recessive allele of one of the genes is epistatic to the other gene pair ...
... (3) there is mutual recessive epistasis; i.e., you need both dominants A and B present to generate wild type. (4) there are duplicate genes involved; i.e., you only generate a mutant with the double recessive a/a;b/b. (5) the recessive allele of one of the genes is epistatic to the other gene pair ...
Partial Sequence Analysis of the 5S to 18S rRNA Gene Region of
... plant mitochondria, rRNA genes are larger and a 5S RNA is found in mitochondrial ribosomes (6, 15). The 5S and 18S rRNA genes in plant mtDNA are closely linked (3, 10, 12), but both are separate from the 26S rRNA gene (24). In maize, the 26S rRNA gene is separated from the 18S and 5S by 16,000 base ...
... plant mitochondria, rRNA genes are larger and a 5S RNA is found in mitochondrial ribosomes (6, 15). The 5S and 18S rRNA genes in plant mtDNA are closely linked (3, 10, 12), but both are separate from the 26S rRNA gene (24). In maize, the 26S rRNA gene is separated from the 18S and 5S by 16,000 base ...
Identification of Genes Mediating Drosophila Follicle Cell Progenitor
... assumption that one or at most two genes were responsible for the dosage effect of the entire deletion. Thus, for each of the positive deletions we obtained smaller deletions, when available, that further subdivide the region of interest. In addition, we obtained mutations (null if possible), or RNA ...
... assumption that one or at most two genes were responsible for the dosage effect of the entire deletion. Thus, for each of the positive deletions we obtained smaller deletions, when available, that further subdivide the region of interest. In addition, we obtained mutations (null if possible), or RNA ...
Molecular pathogenesis of feline leukemia virus
... circularize. Although dilution of the template before ligation to circularize is required for the inverse PCR, it can also result in inefficient amplification. Another strategy, linker-mediated PCRs, can avoid the use of diluted and circularized template DNA by instead using linkers ligated to the e ...
... circularize. Although dilution of the template before ligation to circularize is required for the inverse PCR, it can also result in inefficient amplification. Another strategy, linker-mediated PCRs, can avoid the use of diluted and circularized template DNA by instead using linkers ligated to the e ...
Systematic analysis of gene properties influencing organ system
... other gene alterations show undetectable, subtle or environment-dependent phenotypes (Hillenmeyer et al., 2008; Nichols et al., 2011; White et al., 2013). Despite this observed phenotypic diversity, the majority of system-level analyses of perturbations has centered on gene properties linked to leth ...
... other gene alterations show undetectable, subtle or environment-dependent phenotypes (Hillenmeyer et al., 2008; Nichols et al., 2011; White et al., 2013). Despite this observed phenotypic diversity, the majority of system-level analyses of perturbations has centered on gene properties linked to leth ...
The phenotypic consequences of MECP2 mutations extend beyond
... 2000]. The mutation occurs before the third splice site, so it is very likely that the message undergoes nonsense mediated decay (NMD) rather than translating into a truncated protein. The patient’s phenotype is much less severe than those of the late-truncating mutations; he had some speech ability ...
... 2000]. The mutation occurs before the third splice site, so it is very likely that the message undergoes nonsense mediated decay (NMD) rather than translating into a truncated protein. The patient’s phenotype is much less severe than those of the late-truncating mutations; he had some speech ability ...
Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology Scope
... (infections, haemorrhages), leukaemia, or solid cancer. It has recently been shown that significant phenotypic differences were found between the various complementation groups. In FA group A, patients homozygous for null mutations had an earlier onset of anemia and a higher incidence of leukemia th ...
... (infections, haemorrhages), leukaemia, or solid cancer. It has recently been shown that significant phenotypic differences were found between the various complementation groups. In FA group A, patients homozygous for null mutations had an earlier onset of anemia and a higher incidence of leukemia th ...
Pathways - Bioinformatics.ca
... Co-expression within pathways • Tempting thought: genes that occur within the same pathway will show similar expression profiles • Reality: depends greatly on how you identify your pathways, KEGG pathways show at best 50% coexpression in survey of available yeast expression data (Ihmels et al., Nat ...
... Co-expression within pathways • Tempting thought: genes that occur within the same pathway will show similar expression profiles • Reality: depends greatly on how you identify your pathways, KEGG pathways show at best 50% coexpression in survey of available yeast expression data (Ihmels et al., Nat ...
Gene overexpression reveals alternative
... immediately after withdrawal of a single amino acid from the culture medium, display an acute and transient increase in GCN4 mRNA translation, coupled with an extensive protein synthesis shut down. However, both phenomena are independent of Gcn2 function (Tzamarias et al., 1989). In addition, the as ...
... immediately after withdrawal of a single amino acid from the culture medium, display an acute and transient increase in GCN4 mRNA translation, coupled with an extensive protein synthesis shut down. However, both phenomena are independent of Gcn2 function (Tzamarias et al., 1989). In addition, the as ...
Molecular insights into the causes of male infertility
... Molecular insights into the causes of male infertility genesis, most of these being present on the autosomes, with approximately 30 genes on the Y chromosome (Hargreave 2000). While autosomal genes that regulate spermatogenesis are concerned with regulation of metabolic process in other cells in th ...
... Molecular insights into the causes of male infertility genesis, most of these being present on the autosomes, with approximately 30 genes on the Y chromosome (Hargreave 2000). While autosomal genes that regulate spermatogenesis are concerned with regulation of metabolic process in other cells in th ...
and mutant - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... each segment forms a specific structure in the adult • How does the developing embryo establish the proper number of body segments? Early in development, the products of segmentation genes subdivide the body into an array of identical body ...
... each segment forms a specific structure in the adult • How does the developing embryo establish the proper number of body segments? Early in development, the products of segmentation genes subdivide the body into an array of identical body ...
"Genetic Redundancy".
... from a large number of different ligands, and transmit information about these ligands, into cells through autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues contained in their tails. These phosphotyrosine residues are then bounded by SH2 domains of Grb2 adaptor proteins. This leads to the activation of Sos, w ...
... from a large number of different ligands, and transmit information about these ligands, into cells through autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues contained in their tails. These phosphotyrosine residues are then bounded by SH2 domains of Grb2 adaptor proteins. This leads to the activation of Sos, w ...
MHF1 plays Fanconi anaemia complementation group M protein
... MHF1 in DNA repair and homologous recombination 823 MHF2 also have FANCM-independent functions: they are components of the constitutive centromere-associated network (CCAN) and are also known as CENP-S and CENP-X, respectively (Amano et al., 2009; Nishino et al., 2012). In this respect, MHF1 and MH ...
... MHF1 in DNA repair and homologous recombination 823 MHF2 also have FANCM-independent functions: they are components of the constitutive centromere-associated network (CCAN) and are also known as CENP-S and CENP-X, respectively (Amano et al., 2009; Nishino et al., 2012). In this respect, MHF1 and MH ...
Genetically Essential and Nonessential a-Tubulin Genes Specify Functionally Interchangeable Proteins.
... TUBl-containing integrating plasmid was cut with XbaI to direct integration (26) to the TUB) locus. The plasmid pRB336 was constructed by inserting the TUB3-containing Bglll fragment from pRB300 into the BamHI site of the vector YIp5 (8), which contains the yeast URA3 gene (3, 31, 32). The resulting ...
... TUBl-containing integrating plasmid was cut with XbaI to direct integration (26) to the TUB) locus. The plasmid pRB336 was constructed by inserting the TUB3-containing Bglll fragment from pRB300 into the BamHI site of the vector YIp5 (8), which contains the yeast URA3 gene (3, 31, 32). The resulting ...
Target selected insertional mutagenesis on chromosome IV of
... Fig. 1. Schematic representation of three-dimensional pooling and PCR strategies. A small population of 960 I element containing Arabidopsis lines was divided over 10 blocks (trays) and each block contained 96 plants (8 rows and 12 columns). Inflorescence material of every plant in the population wa ...
... Fig. 1. Schematic representation of three-dimensional pooling and PCR strategies. A small population of 960 I element containing Arabidopsis lines was divided over 10 blocks (trays) and each block contained 96 plants (8 rows and 12 columns). Inflorescence material of every plant in the population wa ...
Evolutionary interactions between sex chromosomes and autosomes
... as recipients. This finding strongly suggested that retroposition in mammalian genomes is a random process with respect to their chromosomal distribution. Comparing 94 and 105 functional retrogenes in, respectively, human and mouse, created by interchromosomal retroposition with expected random freq ...
... as recipients. This finding strongly suggested that retroposition in mammalian genomes is a random process with respect to their chromosomal distribution. Comparing 94 and 105 functional retrogenes in, respectively, human and mouse, created by interchromosomal retroposition with expected random freq ...
Speciation genes in plants - Oxford Academic
... drive the divergence of populations and species. This review discusses the identities and attributes of genes that contribute to reproductive isolation (RI) in plants, compares them with animal speciation genes and investigates what these genes can tell us about speciation. † Scope Forty-one candida ...
... drive the divergence of populations and species. This review discusses the identities and attributes of genes that contribute to reproductive isolation (RI) in plants, compares them with animal speciation genes and investigates what these genes can tell us about speciation. † Scope Forty-one candida ...
TEV_v7_BY
... Transposable element-derived (TE) sequence dominates the landscape of mammalian genomes and can modulate gene function by dysregulating transcription and translation. Virtually all TEs present in the C57BL/6J reference mouse genome are drawn from three distinct classes, namely short interspersed nuc ...
... Transposable element-derived (TE) sequence dominates the landscape of mammalian genomes and can modulate gene function by dysregulating transcription and translation. Virtually all TEs present in the C57BL/6J reference mouse genome are drawn from three distinct classes, namely short interspersed nuc ...
The genetic basis of adaptive melanism in
... the light-colored rocks were light. In these populations, phenotypic variation in color was largely discrete rather than quantitative; all mice were easily classified as light or melanic based on the presence or absence of a subterminal band of pheomelanin on individual hairs on the dorsum. In princ ...
... the light-colored rocks were light. In these populations, phenotypic variation in color was largely discrete rather than quantitative; all mice were easily classified as light or melanic based on the presence or absence of a subterminal band of pheomelanin on individual hairs on the dorsum. In princ ...
![Spectrum of [beta] thalassemia mutations and HbF levels in the](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/014164939_1-79827c78cbc8128eaad3fd6fece2f656-300x300.png)
1. The PERL script to
... The KEGG database was searched for pathway information of the genes on the microarray using the GO database updated gene list. The search retrieved pathway information from different species including a direct link with the pathway and indication of the position of the gene in the pathway. This path ...
... The KEGG database was searched for pathway information of the genes on the microarray using the GO database updated gene list. The search retrieved pathway information from different species including a direct link with the pathway and indication of the position of the gene in the pathway. This path ...
Oncogenomics
Oncogenomics is a relatively new sub-field of genomics that applies high throughput technologies to characterize genes associated with cancer. Oncogenomics is synonymous with ""cancer genomics"". Cancer is a genetic disease caused by accumulation of mutations to DNA leading to unrestrained cell proliferation and neoplasm formation. The goal of oncogenomics is to identify new oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes that may provide new insights into cancer diagnosis, predicting clinical outcome of cancers, and new targets for cancer therapies. The success of targeted cancer therapies such as Gleevec, Herceptin, and Avastin raised the hope for oncogenomics to elucidate new targets for cancer treatment.Besides understanding the underlying genetic mechanisms that initiates or drives cancer progression, one of the main goals of oncogenomics is to allow for the development of personalized cancer treatment. Cancer develops due to an accumulation of mutations in DNA. These mutations accumulate randomly, and thus, different DNA mutations and mutation combinations exist between different individuals with the same type of cancer. Thus, identifying and targeting specific mutations which have occurred in an individual patient may lead to increased efficacy of cancer therapy.The completion of the Human Genome Project has greatly facilitated the field of oncogenomics and has increased the abilities of researchers to find cancer causing genes. In addition, the sequencing technologies now available for sequence generation and data analysis have been applied to the study of oncogenomics. With the amount of research conducted on cancer genomes and the accumulation of databases documenting the mutational changes, it has been predicted that the most important cancer-causing mutations, rearrangements, and altered expression levels will be cataloged and well characterized within the next decade.Cancer research may look either on the genomic level at DNA mutations, the epigenetic level at methylation or histone modification changes, the transcription level at altered levels of gene expression, or the protein level at altered levels of protein abundance and function in cancer cells. Oncogenomics focuses on the genomic, epigenomic, and transcript level alterations in cancer.