Text S1, DOCX file, 0.03 MB
... determined using RAxML (15) with 500 bootstraps and fixed seed. The resulting phylogenetic tree confirmed the Amphora2 and 16S rRNA gene classification results, placing the genome confidently within the Nitrospirae phylum where it clustered with Ca Nitrospira nitrificans with a bootstrap support of ...
... determined using RAxML (15) with 500 bootstraps and fixed seed. The resulting phylogenetic tree confirmed the Amphora2 and 16S rRNA gene classification results, placing the genome confidently within the Nitrospirae phylum where it clustered with Ca Nitrospira nitrificans with a bootstrap support of ...
comparative genomics, minimal gene
... the transcription system (TABLE 2). These findings show that it is, in fact, more appropriate to speak of a minimal set of essential functional niches (given specified conditions) rather than of minimal sets of genes. These functional niches differ in their evolutionary/structural redundancy (propen ...
... the transcription system (TABLE 2). These findings show that it is, in fact, more appropriate to speak of a minimal set of essential functional niches (given specified conditions) rather than of minimal sets of genes. These functional niches differ in their evolutionary/structural redundancy (propen ...
Deletions of ultraconserved elements have no obvious phenotype
... genomes [3]. This category of extreme evolutionary sequence conservation is represented by 481 sequences in the human genome, of which over half show no evidence of transcription. Further analysis of the distribution of these noncoding ultraconserved elements demonstrates that they tend to cluster i ...
... genomes [3]. This category of extreme evolutionary sequence conservation is represented by 481 sequences in the human genome, of which over half show no evidence of transcription. Further analysis of the distribution of these noncoding ultraconserved elements demonstrates that they tend to cluster i ...
The Canine Genome: Discoveries, Applications - Encompass
... discoveries in evolutionary biology (e.g. phylogenetics), biomedical science (e.g. human genetic disorders), and even in ecology (e.g. microbial community structure). But why the canine genome? What practical use could this have for understanding human health? What advantages did the canine genome o ...
... discoveries in evolutionary biology (e.g. phylogenetics), biomedical science (e.g. human genetic disorders), and even in ecology (e.g. microbial community structure). But why the canine genome? What practical use could this have for understanding human health? What advantages did the canine genome o ...
Medullary thyroid cancer
... and a Marfanoid body habitus. FMTC is defined by the isolated finding of MTC in multiple family members. Because FMTC shares a common genetic defect with MEN 2A, it can be difficult to distinguish a family that initially appears to be FMTC from one that may soon prove to become MEN 2A, as the manife ...
... and a Marfanoid body habitus. FMTC is defined by the isolated finding of MTC in multiple family members. Because FMTC shares a common genetic defect with MEN 2A, it can be difficult to distinguish a family that initially appears to be FMTC from one that may soon prove to become MEN 2A, as the manife ...
Components of the transcriptional Mediator complex
... pAY104 (a rescuing plasmid for let-19) contained both a 9.1 kb PstI fragment of F07H5 (with a 0.4 kb sequence from the Lorist6 cosmid vector) and a 4.1 kb PstI fragment of F07H5 subcloned into the pBSK vector. The let-19::GFP construct (pAY105) was made by inserting a 0.1 kb PCR fragment (from the B ...
... pAY104 (a rescuing plasmid for let-19) contained both a 9.1 kb PstI fragment of F07H5 (with a 0.4 kb sequence from the Lorist6 cosmid vector) and a 4.1 kb PstI fragment of F07H5 subcloned into the pBSK vector. The let-19::GFP construct (pAY105) was made by inserting a 0.1 kb PCR fragment (from the B ...
Familial hypercholesterolaemia in Portugal
... defects in the low density lipoprotein receptor gene (LDLR) but mutations in the gene for apolipoprotein B (APOB) or, more recently described, mutations in the proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gene also cause the same phenotype. FH is clinically characterised by an increased lev ...
... defects in the low density lipoprotein receptor gene (LDLR) but mutations in the gene for apolipoprotein B (APOB) or, more recently described, mutations in the proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gene also cause the same phenotype. FH is clinically characterised by an increased lev ...
Identification of a novel streptococcal gene cassette mediating
... escape from DNA replication blocks but also is a major mechanism in adaptive mutation. Bacteria appear to be able to adjust their mutation rates depending on environmental conditions and, consequently, also speed up their adaptation to hostile conditions (6, 54). One outcome of genetic variation in ...
... escape from DNA replication blocks but also is a major mechanism in adaptive mutation. Bacteria appear to be able to adjust their mutation rates depending on environmental conditions and, consequently, also speed up their adaptation to hostile conditions (6, 54). One outcome of genetic variation in ...
Presentation
... • Understand how DNA repair activates the DNA damage response pathway • Recognize the role of DNA repair mutations in carcinogenesis WMcB2008 ...
... • Understand how DNA repair activates the DNA damage response pathway • Recognize the role of DNA repair mutations in carcinogenesis WMcB2008 ...
Supporting Genotype-To-Phenotype Association Studies with Grid
... With the completion of the Human Genome Project and the entrance to the post-genomics era, associated technology developments have accelerated the process of analyzing entire genomes. In turn this has catalyzed the major development of predictive, preventive and personalized medicine, which will imp ...
... With the completion of the Human Genome Project and the entrance to the post-genomics era, associated technology developments have accelerated the process of analyzing entire genomes. In turn this has catalyzed the major development of predictive, preventive and personalized medicine, which will imp ...
Gene Duplication and Evolution
... merits close scrutiny, and at the close of this response, we will present some reanalyses for both the Arabidopsis and human genomes that take into consideration the concerns raised by Zhang et al. First, however, we respond to three technical issues raised by these authors: 1) As noted in (1), the ...
... merits close scrutiny, and at the close of this response, we will present some reanalyses for both the Arabidopsis and human genomes that take into consideration the concerns raised by Zhang et al. First, however, we respond to three technical issues raised by these authors: 1) As noted in (1), the ...
S4 File
... 24 out of these 44 TNBC cases with the T panel. Blood vs. tumor germline concordance was higher but not significantly different in this series as compared to the BR series (mean [±SD] 89.12 [±12.97], 95% CI 85.29 – 92.95; min – max: 93 – 100). With the T panel, 27 out of 43 blood-only variants were ...
... 24 out of these 44 TNBC cases with the T panel. Blood vs. tumor germline concordance was higher but not significantly different in this series as compared to the BR series (mean [±SD] 89.12 [±12.97], 95% CI 85.29 – 92.95; min – max: 93 – 100). With the T panel, 27 out of 43 blood-only variants were ...
Natural selection and the function of genome imprinting:
... which natural selection has operated is the expression of the allele from only one parent at an affected locus. We propose an alternative – that natural selection has operated on differences in the chromatin structure of maternal and paternal chromosomes to facilitate pairing during meiosis and to m ...
... which natural selection has operated is the expression of the allele from only one parent at an affected locus. We propose an alternative – that natural selection has operated on differences in the chromatin structure of maternal and paternal chromosomes to facilitate pairing during meiosis and to m ...
AZ188-08_FERTIG.qxd (Page 632)
... naturally leads to the appearance of multiple copies of the genes located on these chromosomes, such as the MDM2 and CDK4 genes. This can be demonstrated, in many cases also through the use of antibodies against the synthetic products of these genes, which are present in greater quantities and can t ...
... naturally leads to the appearance of multiple copies of the genes located on these chromosomes, such as the MDM2 and CDK4 genes. This can be demonstrated, in many cases also through the use of antibodies against the synthetic products of these genes, which are present in greater quantities and can t ...
GENE NUMBER, KIND, AND SIZE IN DROSOPHILA The
... perceptibly decreased in numbers. The vital genes which X-rays change to lethal factors are distributed approximately at random within the functional chromatin as shown by these experiments. By functional chromatin is meant chromatin carrying genes, as differentiated from that of the Y chromosome an ...
... perceptibly decreased in numbers. The vital genes which X-rays change to lethal factors are distributed approximately at random within the functional chromatin as shown by these experiments. By functional chromatin is meant chromatin carrying genes, as differentiated from that of the Y chromosome an ...
The Genetics of SLE
... lupus and the genes of their unaffected family members) scientists are locating “hot spots” within the human genome worthy of more specific study. Multiplex lupus studies have also benefited from the sub grouping of families, or grouping families according to certain characteristics that they share ...
... lupus and the genes of their unaffected family members) scientists are locating “hot spots” within the human genome worthy of more specific study. Multiplex lupus studies have also benefited from the sub grouping of families, or grouping families according to certain characteristics that they share ...
Skin Cancer
... – Production of proteins such as collagenase, an enzyme that aids in detering wrinkles ...
... – Production of proteins such as collagenase, an enzyme that aids in detering wrinkles ...
MelaninPigmentation: Its BiologicalRoles, Inheritance and
... the red and yellow melanins of the feathers. Pheomelanins are found only in the feathers of chickens, all other melanins of the body being ...
... the red and yellow melanins of the feathers. Pheomelanins are found only in the feathers of chickens, all other melanins of the body being ...
The relation of genetics to physiology and medicine
... cells. Here we appear to approach a physiological problem, but one that is new and strange to the classical physiology of the schools. We ascribe certain general properties to the genes, in part from genetic evidence and in part from microscopical observations. These properties we may next consider. ...
... cells. Here we appear to approach a physiological problem, but one that is new and strange to the classical physiology of the schools. We ascribe certain general properties to the genes, in part from genetic evidence and in part from microscopical observations. These properties we may next consider. ...
Abstract - BioPublisher
... development of BS-seq technology allows us to obtain the methylation levels of a single base resolution in Genome-wide. This enables us check the parent-of-origin specific manner methylation. In the field of imprinted genes found allele-specific methylation area. Summary Currently, the study of geno ...
... development of BS-seq technology allows us to obtain the methylation levels of a single base resolution in Genome-wide. This enables us check the parent-of-origin specific manner methylation. In the field of imprinted genes found allele-specific methylation area. Summary Currently, the study of geno ...
1 mec-15 Encodes an F-box Protein Required for Touch
... Selective protein degradation is a key regulator of neuronal development and synaptogenesis. Complexes that target proteins for degradation often contain F-box proteins. Here we characterize MEC-15, an F-box protein with WD repeats, that is required for the development and function of C. elegans tou ...
... Selective protein degradation is a key regulator of neuronal development and synaptogenesis. Complexes that target proteins for degradation often contain F-box proteins. Here we characterize MEC-15, an F-box protein with WD repeats, that is required for the development and function of C. elegans tou ...
Page 517 Duplication of the S. cerevisiae genome
... highly advantageous to have a second copy of gene, thus permitting functional divergence. Ohno suggested two reasons: [1] After duplication, a deleterious mutation in one of the two genes might now persist. Without duplication, the individual would have been selected against by such a mutation. ...
... highly advantageous to have a second copy of gene, thus permitting functional divergence. Ohno suggested two reasons: [1] After duplication, a deleterious mutation in one of the two genes might now persist. Without duplication, the individual would have been selected against by such a mutation. ...
Oncogenomics
Oncogenomics is a relatively new sub-field of genomics that applies high throughput technologies to characterize genes associated with cancer. Oncogenomics is synonymous with ""cancer genomics"". Cancer is a genetic disease caused by accumulation of mutations to DNA leading to unrestrained cell proliferation and neoplasm formation. The goal of oncogenomics is to identify new oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes that may provide new insights into cancer diagnosis, predicting clinical outcome of cancers, and new targets for cancer therapies. The success of targeted cancer therapies such as Gleevec, Herceptin, and Avastin raised the hope for oncogenomics to elucidate new targets for cancer treatment.Besides understanding the underlying genetic mechanisms that initiates or drives cancer progression, one of the main goals of oncogenomics is to allow for the development of personalized cancer treatment. Cancer develops due to an accumulation of mutations in DNA. These mutations accumulate randomly, and thus, different DNA mutations and mutation combinations exist between different individuals with the same type of cancer. Thus, identifying and targeting specific mutations which have occurred in an individual patient may lead to increased efficacy of cancer therapy.The completion of the Human Genome Project has greatly facilitated the field of oncogenomics and has increased the abilities of researchers to find cancer causing genes. In addition, the sequencing technologies now available for sequence generation and data analysis have been applied to the study of oncogenomics. With the amount of research conducted on cancer genomes and the accumulation of databases documenting the mutational changes, it has been predicted that the most important cancer-causing mutations, rearrangements, and altered expression levels will be cataloged and well characterized within the next decade.Cancer research may look either on the genomic level at DNA mutations, the epigenetic level at methylation or histone modification changes, the transcription level at altered levels of gene expression, or the protein level at altered levels of protein abundance and function in cancer cells. Oncogenomics focuses on the genomic, epigenomic, and transcript level alterations in cancer.