Lecture Notes on Cells
... contains dissolved substances such as sugar, mineral salts and amino acids. This large vacuole is enclosed by a membrane called the tonoplast.16 ...
... contains dissolved substances such as sugar, mineral salts and amino acids. This large vacuole is enclosed by a membrane called the tonoplast.16 ...
The Amazing Cell
... • Size of most cells is restricted to 10-30 µm in diameter because of relationship between surface area and volume of a cell. • Why is this important: • Smaller cells can feed themselves efficiently to carry on functions. • Large cells could not take in nutrients fast enough to support cell and woul ...
... • Size of most cells is restricted to 10-30 µm in diameter because of relationship between surface area and volume of a cell. • Why is this important: • Smaller cells can feed themselves efficiently to carry on functions. • Large cells could not take in nutrients fast enough to support cell and woul ...
Tissues
... like the human, the cells join forces as tissues. Tissues are formed from groups of cells of the same type and that have a similar function. These tissues serve as the basic construction material for organs. In this exercise, we will look at some of the primary tissues that form our body. ...
... like the human, the cells join forces as tissues. Tissues are formed from groups of cells of the same type and that have a similar function. These tissues serve as the basic construction material for organs. In this exercise, we will look at some of the primary tissues that form our body. ...
The Amazing Celllesspics
... • Size of most cells is restricted to 10-30 µm in diameter because of relationship between surface area and volume of a cell. • Why is this important: • Smaller cells can feed themselves efficiently to carry on functions. • Large cells could not take in nutrients fast enough to support cell and woul ...
... • Size of most cells is restricted to 10-30 µm in diameter because of relationship between surface area and volume of a cell. • Why is this important: • Smaller cells can feed themselves efficiently to carry on functions. • Large cells could not take in nutrients fast enough to support cell and woul ...
Unit 10- Human Body
... carries oxygen from the lungs and nutrients from the digestive tract to all body cells. Blood also carries hormones to their target tissues, carbon four compartments and four valves associated with it. dioxide back to the lungs, and other waste products to the excretory system. _____20____ carry oxy ...
... carries oxygen from the lungs and nutrients from the digestive tract to all body cells. Blood also carries hormones to their target tissues, carbon four compartments and four valves associated with it. dioxide back to the lungs, and other waste products to the excretory system. _____20____ carry oxy ...
BIOLOGY Specification
... b. recall the role of mitosis in growth of tissues by increasing cell number, repair of tissues, replacement of worn out cells and asexual reproduction. 3.2. Meiosis: a. define as nuclear and cell division that produces daughter cells, known as gametes, in which the chromosome number is halved from ...
... b. recall the role of mitosis in growth of tissues by increasing cell number, repair of tissues, replacement of worn out cells and asexual reproduction. 3.2. Meiosis: a. define as nuclear and cell division that produces daughter cells, known as gametes, in which the chromosome number is halved from ...
6.5 Nerves, Hormones and Homeostasis
... 6.5.7 State that the endocrine system consists of glands that release hormones that are transported in the blood. 6.5.8 State that homeostasis involves maintaining the internal environment between limits, including blood pH, carbon dioxide concentration, blood glucose concentration, body temperature ...
... 6.5.7 State that the endocrine system consists of glands that release hormones that are transported in the blood. 6.5.8 State that homeostasis involves maintaining the internal environment between limits, including blood pH, carbon dioxide concentration, blood glucose concentration, body temperature ...
NAME KS3 revision booklet Biology
... Your body has natural defences to stop microbes getting in (eg skin, mucus in the windpipe and nose, ciliated epithelial cells to sweep mucus along). Your body also has ways of destroying microbes. These include: ...
... Your body has natural defences to stop microbes getting in (eg skin, mucus in the windpipe and nose, ciliated epithelial cells to sweep mucus along). Your body also has ways of destroying microbes. These include: ...
The Autonomic Nervous System
... The actions of the ANS are largely involuntary; contrast to those of the sensory-somatic system. Also differs from the sensory-somatic system in using two groups of motor neurons to stimulate the effectors instead of one. The first, the preganglionic neurons, arise in the CNS and run to a ganglion ...
... The actions of the ANS are largely involuntary; contrast to those of the sensory-somatic system. Also differs from the sensory-somatic system in using two groups of motor neurons to stimulate the effectors instead of one. The first, the preganglionic neurons, arise in the CNS and run to a ganglion ...
page 1 of 5 LECTURE OUTLINE: CTP
... phagocytosis and phagosome formation (c) binding of the bacterium to C3 complement and Fc receptors on the macrophage membrane (d) lysosomal breakdown and processing of the bacterium (e) presentation of bacterial breakdown products on the macrophage plasmalemma to lymphocytes ...
... phagocytosis and phagosome formation (c) binding of the bacterium to C3 complement and Fc receptors on the macrophage membrane (d) lysosomal breakdown and processing of the bacterium (e) presentation of bacterial breakdown products on the macrophage plasmalemma to lymphocytes ...
Chapter Outline
... a. Dendrites receive a stimulus and conduct signals to the cell body. b. The cell body contains most of the cytoplasm and the nucleus of the neuron. c. The axon conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body; long axons are covered by myelin. d. Long axons and dendrites form neuron fibers; bound to ...
... a. Dendrites receive a stimulus and conduct signals to the cell body. b. The cell body contains most of the cytoplasm and the nucleus of the neuron. c. The axon conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body; long axons are covered by myelin. d. Long axons and dendrites form neuron fibers; bound to ...
What is a Cell? - elearningadulted
... How Cells, Tissues, and Organ Systems Work. Certain cells perform certain functions. When two cells perform similar functions they are both organized into tissues. For example: A tissue like a skin tissue contain a collection of cells that are highly specialized and are designed to do their job by ...
... How Cells, Tissues, and Organ Systems Work. Certain cells perform certain functions. When two cells perform similar functions they are both organized into tissues. For example: A tissue like a skin tissue contain a collection of cells that are highly specialized and are designed to do their job by ...
tissues - Immaculateheartacademy.org
... This extracellular matrix is divided into three parts: -protein fibers - ground substance consisting of non fibrous protein and other molecules - fluid ...
... This extracellular matrix is divided into three parts: -protein fibers - ground substance consisting of non fibrous protein and other molecules - fluid ...
Sub-topics include: 3.1 Cells, Tissues and Organs 3.2 Stem Cells
... Adult or somatic stem cells exist throughout the body after embryonic development and are found inside different types of tissue. These stem cells have been found in tissues such as the brain, bone marrow, blood, blood vessels, skeletal muscles, skin, and the liver. They remain in a non-dividing sta ...
... Adult or somatic stem cells exist throughout the body after embryonic development and are found inside different types of tissue. These stem cells have been found in tissues such as the brain, bone marrow, blood, blood vessels, skeletal muscles, skin, and the liver. They remain in a non-dividing sta ...
1 PRE-TEST
... Active transport – movement of matter into, or out of, a cell which requires energy from the cell; usually this involves movement against the concentration gradient Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) – the molecule used in cell processes as a supply of energy; it is produced by cells during cellular respi ...
... Active transport – movement of matter into, or out of, a cell which requires energy from the cell; usually this involves movement against the concentration gradient Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) – the molecule used in cell processes as a supply of energy; it is produced by cells during cellular respi ...
Cells and their specialisms Task 1 Task 2
... Cells and their specialisms Teaching notes and answers For the first three tasks students could be asked to cut and paste or simply draw a line to match up the correct statements. ...
... Cells and their specialisms Teaching notes and answers For the first three tasks students could be asked to cut and paste or simply draw a line to match up the correct statements. ...
Mader/Biology, 11/e – Chapter Outline
... d. Long axons and dendrites form neuron fibers; bound together by connective tissue, they form nerves. e. Outside the brain and spinal cord, fibers bound by connective tissue form nerves. 3. Neuroglia a. There are several types of neuroglia in the central nervous system. b. Neuroglia outnumber neuro ...
... d. Long axons and dendrites form neuron fibers; bound together by connective tissue, they form nerves. e. Outside the brain and spinal cord, fibers bound by connective tissue form nerves. 3. Neuroglia a. There are several types of neuroglia in the central nervous system. b. Neuroglia outnumber neuro ...
PLANT CELLS, TISSUES AND ORGANS
... b) On which part of the leaf do you observe the most stomata? • The stomata can be observed on the bottom, or lower side, of a leaf c) Explain how the arrangement of cells in the leaf contributes to the efficiency of photosynthesis. • The leaf itself maximizes the process by having a broad and flat ...
... b) On which part of the leaf do you observe the most stomata? • The stomata can be observed on the bottom, or lower side, of a leaf c) Explain how the arrangement of cells in the leaf contributes to the efficiency of photosynthesis. • The leaf itself maximizes the process by having a broad and flat ...
Grade 11 College Biology Unit 4 Test
... b. Drinking water c. Eating plants or other animals that ate plants d. Undergoing photosynthesis in the cells 23. A drug is any substance, natural or artificial (…and other than food…) by its chemical nature that alters structure or function in a living organism. Psychoactive drugs are mood altering ...
... b. Drinking water c. Eating plants or other animals that ate plants d. Undergoing photosynthesis in the cells 23. A drug is any substance, natural or artificial (…and other than food…) by its chemical nature that alters structure or function in a living organism. Psychoactive drugs are mood altering ...
Lymphatic_System___Body_Defense__Ch_12__
... Lymphatic system is network of organs, tissues, cells, and cell products. Principal cells are the lymphocytes, aided and assisted by neutrophils, macrophages. Two types: B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes Primary Lymphatic organs contain large numbers of lymphocytes. – Red Bone Marrow: Source of B & T ...
... Lymphatic system is network of organs, tissues, cells, and cell products. Principal cells are the lymphocytes, aided and assisted by neutrophils, macrophages. Two types: B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes Primary Lymphatic organs contain large numbers of lymphocytes. – Red Bone Marrow: Source of B & T ...
B2 exam: Key words to understand
... Biconcave disc shaped cells containing haemoglobin that give the blood its red colour and carry oxygen around the body to the tissues. Several different types of cells that are all part of the body’s defence system against disease. Cell fragments that are important in the clotting mechanism of the b ...
... Biconcave disc shaped cells containing haemoglobin that give the blood its red colour and carry oxygen around the body to the tissues. Several different types of cells that are all part of the body’s defence system against disease. Cell fragments that are important in the clotting mechanism of the b ...
Cell
... from the simplest level to the most complex are: Organs - A group of two or more different types of tissue that work together to perform a specific function. The task is generally more complex than that of the tissue. For example, the heart is made of muscle and connective tissues which function to ...
... from the simplest level to the most complex are: Organs - A group of two or more different types of tissue that work together to perform a specific function. The task is generally more complex than that of the tissue. For example, the heart is made of muscle and connective tissues which function to ...
Neuronal lineage marker
A Neuronal lineage marker is an endogenous tag that is expressed in different cells along neurogenesis and differentiated cells as neurons. It allows detection and identification of cells by using different techniques. A neuronal lineage marker can be either DNA, mRNA or RNA expressed in a cell of interest. It can also be a protein tag, as a partial protein, a protein or a epitope that discriminates between different cell types or different states of a common cell. An ideal marker is specific to a given cell type in normal conditions and/or during injury. Cell markers are very valuable tools for examining the function of cells in normal conditions as well as during disease. The discovery of various proteins specific to certain cells led to the production of cell-type-specific antibodies that have been used to identify cells.The techniques used for its detection can be immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry, methods that utilize transcriptional modulators and site-specific recombinases to label specific neuronal population, in situ hybridization or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). A neuronal lineage marker can be a neuronal antigen that is recognized by an autoantibody for example Hu, which is highly restricted to neuronal nuclei. By immunohistochemistry, anti-Hu stains the nuclei of neurons. To localize mRNA in brain tissue, one can use a fragment of DNA or RNA as a neuronal lineage marker, a hybridization probe that detects the presence of nucleotide sequences that are complementary to the sequence in the probe. This technique is known as in situ hybridization. Its application have been carried out in all different tissues, but particularly useful in neuroscience. Using this technique, it is possible to locate gene expression to specific cell types in specific regions and observe how changes in this distribution occur throughout the development and correlate with the behavioral manipulations.Although immunohistochemistry is the staple methodology for identifying neuronal cell types, since it is relatively low in cost and a wide range of immunohistochemical markers are available to help distinguish the phenotype of cells in the brain, sometimes it is time-consuming to produce a good antibody. Therefore, one of the most convenient methods for the rapid assessment of the expression of a cloned ion channel could be in situ hybridization histochemistry.After cells are isolated from tissue or differentiated from pluripotent precursors, the resulting population needs to be characterized to confirm whether the target population has been obtained. Depending on the goal of a particular study, one can use neural stem cells markers, neural progenitor cell markers, neuron markers or PNS neuronal markers.