a window of opportunity for europe
... European growth from three angles. First, the research looked at the supply side and productivity of the European economy, discussing 11 competitiveness growth drivers that together would constitute a sweeping programme of structural reform. Second, MGI has drawn on previous analysis on debt and del ...
... European growth from three angles. First, the research looked at the supply side and productivity of the European economy, discussing 11 competitiveness growth drivers that together would constitute a sweeping programme of structural reform. Second, MGI has drawn on previous analysis on debt and del ...
The impact of international capital flows on the South Africa
... capital flight from the South African economy. Therefore, the surge in capital inflows was not associated with economic activity that would lead to long-term growth in the economy. Instead, one may associate the surge in net capital flows with maintaining exuberance that leads to higher share price ...
... capital flight from the South African economy. Therefore, the surge in capital inflows was not associated with economic activity that would lead to long-term growth in the economy. Instead, one may associate the surge in net capital flows with maintaining exuberance that leads to higher share price ...
paper
... and state sector reforms. However, a crucial but often neglected question is whether the government is willing to implement those reforms? Many reforms which are beneficial for growth can be harmful for the elite’s interests. With the aid of the model, I can study consequences of these reforms, inc ...
... and state sector reforms. However, a crucial but often neglected question is whether the government is willing to implement those reforms? Many reforms which are beneficial for growth can be harmful for the elite’s interests. With the aid of the model, I can study consequences of these reforms, inc ...
PDF
... avian influenza to have widespread effects on the economy. The possibility that the virus can mutate into a strain that can be transmitted from one human being to another makes avian influenza an even more serious concern. This is because if the outbreak develops into a global pandemic, it introduce ...
... avian influenza to have widespread effects on the economy. The possibility that the virus can mutate into a strain that can be transmitted from one human being to another makes avian influenza an even more serious concern. This is because if the outbreak develops into a global pandemic, it introduce ...
O`Sullivan Sheffrin Peres 6e
... In 1950, health-care expenditures in the United States were 5.2 percent of GDP; by 2000, this share had risen to 15.4 percent. Since 1950, the average life span has increased by 1.7 years per decade. Two economists, Charles I. Jones and Robert E. Hall, go further and suggest normal increases in econ ...
... In 1950, health-care expenditures in the United States were 5.2 percent of GDP; by 2000, this share had risen to 15.4 percent. Since 1950, the average life span has increased by 1.7 years per decade. Two economists, Charles I. Jones and Robert E. Hall, go further and suggest normal increases in econ ...
How Should Uganda Grow?
... Income per capita in Uganda has doubled in the last 20 years. This remarkable performance has been buoyed by significant aid flows and large external imbalances. Economic growth has been concentrated in non-tradable activities leading to growing external imbalances and a growing gap between rural an ...
... Income per capita in Uganda has doubled in the last 20 years. This remarkable performance has been buoyed by significant aid flows and large external imbalances. Economic growth has been concentrated in non-tradable activities leading to growing external imbalances and a growing gap between rural an ...
PDF
... SACU is a fully functioning customs union with full internal free trade. A common external tariff observed by all of its members, and common administration of the external tariff, and pooling of the revenues from it (Hinkle & Schiff, 2004). There are likely to be differences between countries both o ...
... SACU is a fully functioning customs union with full internal free trade. A common external tariff observed by all of its members, and common administration of the external tariff, and pooling of the revenues from it (Hinkle & Schiff, 2004). There are likely to be differences between countries both o ...
The economic impact of the marine and maritime sector
... GDP is the indicator of economic output used to judge the rate of economic growth or indicate when the economy enters a recession. ...
... GDP is the indicator of economic output used to judge the rate of economic growth or indicate when the economy enters a recession. ...
Principles of Economics, Case and Fair,9e
... macroeconomics Deals with the economy as a whole. Macroeconomics focuses on the determinants of total national income, deals with aggregates such as aggregate consumption and investment, and looks at the overall level of prices instead of individual prices. aggregate behavior The behavior of all hou ...
... macroeconomics Deals with the economy as a whole. Macroeconomics focuses on the determinants of total national income, deals with aggregates such as aggregate consumption and investment, and looks at the overall level of prices instead of individual prices. aggregate behavior The behavior of all hou ...
Australian Agriculture the real story - Ben Rees
... This paper discusses the historic development and application of agricultural policy. Five decades of economies of scale agricultural policy by any common sense measure has failed. The core problem is conflict between two Laws in economics. The first law forms supply and demand theory in contemporar ...
... This paper discusses the historic development and application of agricultural policy. Five decades of economies of scale agricultural policy by any common sense measure has failed. The core problem is conflict between two Laws in economics. The first law forms supply and demand theory in contemporar ...
Macroeconomics - IB-Econ
... • To determine the change in the real GDP, (the actual output of a nation adjusted for changes in the price level), • economists must measure the value of a nation’s output in one year using the price level from a base year. In the case of the price level increasing (inflation): real GDP will be ...
... • To determine the change in the real GDP, (the actual output of a nation adjusted for changes in the price level), • economists must measure the value of a nation’s output in one year using the price level from a base year. In the case of the price level increasing (inflation): real GDP will be ...
PDF
... prospect of migration, the different degrees of positive externality of different types of human capital entail a market failure in terms of achieving efficient allocation of productive human capital. This failure arises from too few individuals choosing to invest in the types of human capital that ...
... prospect of migration, the different degrees of positive externality of different types of human capital entail a market failure in terms of achieving efficient allocation of productive human capital. This failure arises from too few individuals choosing to invest in the types of human capital that ...
Lecture7b More on competitiveness
... • Discuss the role of other price and nonprice factors affecting Irish competitiveness • Introduce some important indicators used in assessing a country’s competitiveness • Reflect on elements of a policy to restore Irish competitiveness ...
... • Discuss the role of other price and nonprice factors affecting Irish competitiveness • Introduce some important indicators used in assessing a country’s competitiveness • Reflect on elements of a policy to restore Irish competitiveness ...
Transformation in economics
Transformation in economics refers to a long-term change in dominant economic activity in terms of prevailing relative engagement or employment of able individuals.Human economic systems undergo a number of deviations and departures from the ""normal"" state, trend or development. Among them are Disturbance (short-term disruption, temporary disorder), Perturbation (persistent or repeated divergence, predicament, decline or crisis), Deformation (damage, regime change, loss of self-sustainability, distortion), Transformation (long-term change, restructuring, conversion, new “normal”) and Renewal (rebirth, transmutation, corso-ricorso, renaissance, new beginning).Transformation is a unidirectional and irreversible change in dominant human economic activity (economic sector). Such change is driven by slower or faster continuous improvement in sector productivity growth rate. Productivity growth itself is fueled by advances in technology, inflow of useful innovations, accumulated practical knowledge and experience, levels of education, viability of institutions, quality of decision making and organized human effort. Individual sector transformations are the outcomes of human socio-economic evolution.Human economic activity has so far undergone at least four fundamental transformations:From nomadic hunting and gathering (H/G) to localized agricultureFrom localized agriculture (A) to internationalized industryFrom international industry (I) to global servicesFrom global services (S) to public sector (including government, welfare and unemployment, GWU)This evolution naturally proceeds from securing necessary food, through producing useful things, to providing helpful services, both private and public (See H/G→A→I→S→GWU sequence in Fig. 1). Accelerating productivity growth rates speed up the transformations, from millennia, through centuries, to decades of the recent era. It is this acceleration which makes transformation relevant economic category of today, more fundamental in its impact than any recession, crisis or depression. The evolution of four forms of capital (Indicated in Fig. 1) accompanies all economic transformations.Transformation is quite different from accompanying cyclical recessions and crises, despite the similarity of manifested phenomena (unemployment, technology shifts, socio-political discontent, bankruptcies, etc.). However, the tools and interventions used to combat crisis are clearly ineffective for coping with non-cyclical transformations. The problem is whether we face a mere crisis or a fundamental transformation (globalization→relocalization).