Was Stalin Necessary for Russia`s Economic Development?
... In 1962, a prominent British economic historian, Alec Nove, asked whether Russia would have been able to industrialize during the late 1920s and 1930s in the absence of Stalin’s economic policies.1 The transformation of Soviet Russia from an agrarian to an industrial economy had profound economic an ...
... In 1962, a prominent British economic historian, Alec Nove, asked whether Russia would have been able to industrialize during the late 1920s and 1930s in the absence of Stalin’s economic policies.1 The transformation of Soviet Russia from an agrarian to an industrial economy had profound economic an ...
26th Inter-Sessional Meeting Feby 26-27 doc 2
... Regional and international data on the value and performance of the creative industries Recent UNESCO and UNCTAD data demonstrates that the global market value of the creative economy is approximately US$1.6 trillion. As we sit in this room, we have no complete idea of the value of our region’s crea ...
... Regional and international data on the value and performance of the creative industries Recent UNESCO and UNCTAD data demonstrates that the global market value of the creative economy is approximately US$1.6 trillion. As we sit in this room, we have no complete idea of the value of our region’s crea ...
An analysis of Okun`s law for the Spanish provinces
... participation and industrial structure which may result in unemployment response disparities. In this regard, the provincial approach (NUTS 3) implies a more thorough and rigorous analysis that clarifies the patterns and differences in unemployment sensitivity to economic variations. Besides, it is ...
... participation and industrial structure which may result in unemployment response disparities. In this regard, the provincial approach (NUTS 3) implies a more thorough and rigorous analysis that clarifies the patterns and differences in unemployment sensitivity to economic variations. Besides, it is ...
The Effects of Population Growth on Economic Growth in
... N77, 752.5 in 1988 then the economy recovered marginally. The GDP stood at N113, 000 in 1998 with an annual average rates of growth of GDP of 2.1% (percent) little wonder why the economy has not been able to cope with the teeming population explosion. This can be seen from available statistics on pe ...
... N77, 752.5 in 1988 then the economy recovered marginally. The GDP stood at N113, 000 in 1998 with an annual average rates of growth of GDP of 2.1% (percent) little wonder why the economy has not been able to cope with the teeming population explosion. This can be seen from available statistics on pe ...
Labor Markets and Monetary Policy: A New
... a highly tractable model combining four key ingredients: standard concave preferences, labor market frictions, real wage rigidities, and staggered price setting. The resulting model allows for a relatively simple and transparent analysis of monetary policy, and its associated trade-offs. The paper i ...
... a highly tractable model combining four key ingredients: standard concave preferences, labor market frictions, real wage rigidities, and staggered price setting. The resulting model allows for a relatively simple and transparent analysis of monetary policy, and its associated trade-offs. The paper i ...
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... and therefore have implicit bailout schemes. Since in middle income countries the real exchange rate tends to be a key price, governments tend to follow policies that serve to insure economic actors against real exchange rate risk. Thus, if a critical mass of agents choose not to hedge, the governme ...
... and therefore have implicit bailout schemes. Since in middle income countries the real exchange rate tends to be a key price, governments tend to follow policies that serve to insure economic actors against real exchange rate risk. Thus, if a critical mass of agents choose not to hedge, the governme ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES Edward L. Glaeser Janet E. Kohlhase
... weakening should remind us that the world has changed, and the factors that made these places centres of productivity in 1900 seem unimportant 100 years later. The great force that has reshaped the city in the twentieth century is the engine; it has become both more powerful and noticeably lighter ...
... weakening should remind us that the world has changed, and the factors that made these places centres of productivity in 1900 seem unimportant 100 years later. The great force that has reshaped the city in the twentieth century is the engine; it has become both more powerful and noticeably lighter ...
Economic review - Office for National Statistics
... To assist with bringing the growth rates of the income and expenditure measures of GDP into line with the output measure, from the second estimate onwards, there is an alignment adjustment. The alignment adjustment is applied to changes in inventories to balance the quarterly path of the expenditure ...
... To assist with bringing the growth rates of the income and expenditure measures of GDP into line with the output measure, from the second estimate onwards, there is an alignment adjustment. The alignment adjustment is applied to changes in inventories to balance the quarterly path of the expenditure ...
Technical Appendix 1 to accompany Working
... more competitive in recent years relative to the United States. If so, UK prices will have fallen more rapidly than assumed here. Hence ICT stocks in the United Kingdom will have been growing more rapidly than on our estimates. This could affect the weight that ICT assets receive in calculating the ...
... more competitive in recent years relative to the United States. If so, UK prices will have fallen more rapidly than assumed here. Hence ICT stocks in the United Kingdom will have been growing more rapidly than on our estimates. This could affect the weight that ICT assets receive in calculating the ...
Chained-Dollar Indexes Issues, Tips on Their Use, and Upcoming Changes
... product in the current period, not what they might have paid in some past period. For goods and services whose prices have grown at a rate close to the overall inflation rate, chained-dollar values are not too far from the true weights, but for goods with rapidly falling prices—such as computers—the ...
... product in the current period, not what they might have paid in some past period. For goods and services whose prices have grown at a rate close to the overall inflation rate, chained-dollar values are not too far from the true weights, but for goods with rapidly falling prices—such as computers—the ...
Generic Vision 2050 Short Presentation
... on GDP Income, economic well-being and happiness in the USA ...
... on GDP Income, economic well-being and happiness in the USA ...
Pro-poor growth? - The Economics Network
... Still no consensus. Some find that changes in income are not correlated with changes in inequality means that any growth in income does not appear to have any impact on inequality and impacts positively on absolute poverty, (see Fields, 1989 and 2001). Dollar and Kraay (2002) find that growth of the ...
... Still no consensus. Some find that changes in income are not correlated with changes in inequality means that any growth in income does not appear to have any impact on inequality and impacts positively on absolute poverty, (see Fields, 1989 and 2001). Dollar and Kraay (2002) find that growth of the ...
Why are Americans More Productive than Canadians?
... of the paper) for the 1946-2002 period in both nominal and real terms. Appendix Table 1 and Charts 5 and 6 present productivity relatives, ...
... of the paper) for the 1946-2002 period in both nominal and real terms. Appendix Table 1 and Charts 5 and 6 present productivity relatives, ...
achievements and challenges of the bangladesh economy
... the average. Even in the 1980s, the contribution of foreign aid to gross investment was still as high as 40 per cent; by the 2000s, however, it has came down to just over 10 per cent.7 It is thus evident that the country has managed to accelerate its rate of capital accumulation while at the same ti ...
... the average. Even in the 1980s, the contribution of foreign aid to gross investment was still as high as 40 per cent; by the 2000s, however, it has came down to just over 10 per cent.7 It is thus evident that the country has managed to accelerate its rate of capital accumulation while at the same ti ...
... Apart from the supposedly unique (or at least highly unusual) initial conditions of South Korea and Taiwan, the issue which has attracted most attention is the role that government has assumed in promoting the growth process in these two economies. It is argued that while public expenditure has been ...
Transformation in economics
Transformation in economics refers to a long-term change in dominant economic activity in terms of prevailing relative engagement or employment of able individuals.Human economic systems undergo a number of deviations and departures from the ""normal"" state, trend or development. Among them are Disturbance (short-term disruption, temporary disorder), Perturbation (persistent or repeated divergence, predicament, decline or crisis), Deformation (damage, regime change, loss of self-sustainability, distortion), Transformation (long-term change, restructuring, conversion, new “normal”) and Renewal (rebirth, transmutation, corso-ricorso, renaissance, new beginning).Transformation is a unidirectional and irreversible change in dominant human economic activity (economic sector). Such change is driven by slower or faster continuous improvement in sector productivity growth rate. Productivity growth itself is fueled by advances in technology, inflow of useful innovations, accumulated practical knowledge and experience, levels of education, viability of institutions, quality of decision making and organized human effort. Individual sector transformations are the outcomes of human socio-economic evolution.Human economic activity has so far undergone at least four fundamental transformations:From nomadic hunting and gathering (H/G) to localized agricultureFrom localized agriculture (A) to internationalized industryFrom international industry (I) to global servicesFrom global services (S) to public sector (including government, welfare and unemployment, GWU)This evolution naturally proceeds from securing necessary food, through producing useful things, to providing helpful services, both private and public (See H/G→A→I→S→GWU sequence in Fig. 1). Accelerating productivity growth rates speed up the transformations, from millennia, through centuries, to decades of the recent era. It is this acceleration which makes transformation relevant economic category of today, more fundamental in its impact than any recession, crisis or depression. The evolution of four forms of capital (Indicated in Fig. 1) accompanies all economic transformations.Transformation is quite different from accompanying cyclical recessions and crises, despite the similarity of manifested phenomena (unemployment, technology shifts, socio-political discontent, bankruptcies, etc.). However, the tools and interventions used to combat crisis are clearly ineffective for coping with non-cyclical transformations. The problem is whether we face a mere crisis or a fundamental transformation (globalization→relocalization).