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Clinical Uses of Metronidazole in Paediatric Dentistry
Clinical Uses of Metronidazole in Paediatric Dentistry

... of streptomycete.2 Durel and co-workers3 further reported its use in the treatment of infections caused by Trichomonas vaginalis. Subsequently, it was used in the infections caused by Entamoeba histolytic and Giardia lamblia. Inference of metronidazole on oral diseases was initially done by Shinn4 a ...
More efficient reversal of dabigatran inhibition of coagulation by activated prothrombin
More efficient reversal of dabigatran inhibition of coagulation by activated prothrombin

... but routine coagulation assays did not predict this effect. Thrombin generation reversal was dependent on the concentration of dabigatran and each reversal drug normalization occurred at the lower concentration of dabigatran with most agents, but not at higher concentrations [21]. In humans the resu ...
Neurochemical Enhancement of Conscious Error Awareness
Neurochemical Enhancement of Conscious Error Awareness

... blocks of the task to ensure they understood the task instructions. Six blocks of 225 trials (200 go trials, 25 no-go trials) for a total of 1350 trials were administered during MRI data collection. An equivalent number of color and repeat no-go trials were administered across the six blocks for a t ...
Role for epithelial Na channels and putative Na /H
Role for epithelial Na channels and putative Na /H

... cell stimulation by KCl remains unresolved because 100 µM concentrations of amiloride and benzamil are strong and unselective in their site of antagonism (see below). Furthermore, the mechanism of how amiloride is able to suppress NH4Cl responses also remains unknown. Prior studies in kidney medulla ...
Functional Group Characteristics and Roles
Functional Group Characteristics and Roles

... explain what the body does to the drug, whereas pharmacodynamics effects have been generally defined as those that explain what the drug does to the body. More specifically, pharmacokinetic effects include the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) of a drug molecule, while pharm ...
Telmisartan and Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets, USP 40 mg/12.5 mg
Telmisartan and Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets, USP 40 mg/12.5 mg

... Blockade of the renin-angiotensin system with ACE inhibitors, which inhibit the biosynthesis of angiotensin II from angiotensin I, is widely used in the treatment of hypertension. ACE inhibitors also inhibit the degradation of bradykinin, a reaction also catalyzed by ACE. Because telmisartan does no ...
An Overview of the Biological Effects of Focused Ultrasound Abstract
An Overview of the Biological Effects of Focused Ultrasound Abstract

... A significant amount of recent scientific work has been devoted to optimizing the various types of carrier vehicles such as microbubbles, liposomes, and nanoparticles. Release of drugs from microbubbles (i.e. ultrasound contrast agents) can be readily monitored in real time using ultrasound imaging. ...
Anti-inflammatory action of ginger - International Journal of Herbal
Anti-inflammatory action of ginger - International Journal of Herbal

... from Ginger extracts act as in vitro inhibitors of the human 5lipooxygenase [35]. In one study curcumin has been shown to suppress the expression of COX2, 5-LOX, and iNOS, most likely through the downregulation of NF-κB activation [36]. The other study reported that 6-gingerol, a natural analog of c ...
Edi Schwager
Edi Schwager

... dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. However, the activity of amphetamine throughout the brain appears to be specific;[31] certain receptors that respond to amphetamine in some regions of the brain tend not to do so in other regions. For instance, dopamine D2 receptors in the hippocampus, a regi ...
HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION These
HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION These

... 5.1 Suicidal Behavior and Ideation CONTRAVE contains bupropion, a dopamine and norepinephrine re-uptake inhibitor that is similar to some drugs used for the treatment of depression; therefore, the following precautions pertaining to these products should be considered when treating patients with CON ...
University of Groningen Species and strain differences in drug
University of Groningen Species and strain differences in drug

... The most important drug metabolizing enzyme family, cytochrome P450 (CYP), is one of the conserved entities among species. Cytochrome P450 appears to be derived from a single ancestral gene, ∼1.36 billion years ago [11]. Although all members of this superfamily possess highly conserved regions of am ...
Effect of inorganic salts on the inclusion complex
Effect of inorganic salts on the inclusion complex

... The chaotropic anions (anions disrupting the hydrogen bonding network between water molecules) such as Br-, I-, SCN-, N3-, ClO4-, and NO3- caused marked shifts in the C(5)-H signals showing that these ions are included in the cavity of ACD. The antichaotropic anions such as F -, HCO3-, H2PO4-, HPO42 ...
The Role of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in Drug Addiction
The Role of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in Drug Addiction

... that are heterogenously distributed in both brain and peripheral tissues across species. In mammals, the two known native peptide agonists are CRF itself (also abbreviated CRH for corticotropin-releasing hormone) and urocortin. Presently, there are five distinct targets for CRF and urocortin with un ...
Genetic variation associated with euphorigenic effects
Genetic variation associated with euphorigenic effects

... with psychiatric disorders. We found that SNPs nominally associated (P ≤ 0.05 and P ≤ 0.01) with schizophrenia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were also nominally associated with d-amphetamine response. Furthermore, we found that the source of this enrichment was an excess of alleles th ...
Opioid Use Disorder Diagnostic Criteria - PCSS-MAT
Opioid Use Disorder Diagnostic Criteria - PCSS-MAT

... other than heroin (i.e., available by prescription) and 3:1 for heroin. Female adolescents may have a higher likelihood of developing opioid use disorders (Wu et al. 2009). The prevalence decreases with age, with the prevalence highest (0.82%) among adults age 29 years or younger, and decreasing to ...
prevalence, risk and characteristics of impaired drivers
prevalence, risk and characteristics of impaired drivers

... An increase in the use of medicinal psychotropic drugs and drugs with central nervous system sideeffects has been observed before and it could also be observed in the results of this study. The major increase was seen in the consumption of antidepressants and drugs used in addictive disorders. For t ...
GPAT 2010 Question Paper
GPAT 2010 Question Paper

... Q.59 Select the correct combination of drugs for the treatment of patients suffering from Hepatitis C : (A) Interferon with Ribavirin (B) Interferon with Zidovudine (C) Interferon with Stavudine (D) Interferon with Lamivudine Ans. Q.60 Aliskiren acts by (A) inhibiting the conversion of Angiotensin I ...
prescribing information
prescribing information

... with underlying cardiac disease or certain drugs (see PRECAUTIONS, Drug Interactions). Rapid rises in blood pressure have produced cerebral hemorrhage, particularly in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease. Angina may occur in patients with coronary artery disease. The potential for epinephri ...
Lithium carbonate or Eskaltih
Lithium carbonate or Eskaltih

...  It is not known how lithium works to stabilize a person’s mood. However, it is known that lithium does not act on the central nervous system.  Comes as tablet, capsule, extended-release (ER) tablet, and syrup to be taken by mouth. Tablets, capsules, and syrup are usually taken 3-4 times a day. ER ...
Calcineurin Inhibitors FK506 and SDZ ASM 981 Alleviate the
Calcineurin Inhibitors FK506 and SDZ ASM 981 Alleviate the

... after 6 days of survival showed that the neuroprotective effects were permanent. Rapamycin, known to bind with similar affinity to FKBP12 but not to inhibit calcineurin, was not neuroprotective but abolished the neuroprotective effects of FK506 when coadministered. In the permanent MCAO models, FK50 ...
Pediatric/Neonatal Doses of Antiretroviral Drugs
Pediatric/Neonatal Doses of Antiretroviral Drugs

... • Take on an empty stomach. Do not give with fruit juices or acidic drinks, feeds or milk. To improve adherence some practitioners administer ddI without regard to timing of food. • 4 g: Add 200 mL purified water to powder, shake, and then add 200 mL antacid (suitable antacid: MAALOX Extra Strength) ...
HerbalDrugs_Thailand
HerbalDrugs_Thailand

... a. Brief description of the situation before the innovative experience Since 1980, the office of Primary Health Care System, Ministry of Public Health, had proposed herbal drugs as Essential Drugs which could be used as one of the strategies to achieve “Health for All by the year 2000”. A medicinal ...
Pharmacotherapy Treatment Options for Insomnia
Pharmacotherapy Treatment Options for Insomnia

... amnesia, complex sleep-related behaviors, and impaired balance with subsequent falls. As suggested above, the superiority of non-benzodiazepines over benzodiazepines have recently been questioned [31]. Although the 2005 NIH consensus conference [1] and a recent meta-analysis [32] supported a superio ...
Clinical Trials - Ritonavir
Clinical Trials - Ritonavir

... Africa; another 16 percent (5.6 million) live in South and Southeast Asia.1 (1from: http://www.niaid.nih.gov/factsheets/aidsstat.htm). From this HIV/AIDS statistics, the number HIV infections in South and Southeast Asia are secondary high number of HIV infections. This study has the objective for br ...


... antimuscarinic properties and is also a potent serotonin reuptake inhibitor (1). Clomipramine (CMI) is one of the most sedating tricyclic (24). The drug is recommended in obsessive compulsive disorders (OCD), in cataplexy associated with narcolepsy, and in depression when sedation is required (5-7). ...
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Neuropharmacology

Neuropharmacology is the study of how drugs affect cellular function in the nervous system, and the neural mechanisms through which they influence behavior. There are two main branches of neuropharmacology: behavioral and molecular. Behavioral neuropharmacology focuses on the study of how drugs affect human behavior (neuropsychopharmacology), including the study of how drug dependence and addiction affect the human brain. Molecular neuropharmacology involves the study of neurons and their neurochemical interactions, with the overall goal of developing drugs that have beneficial effects on neurological function. Both of these fields are closely connected, since both are concerned with the interactions of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, neurohormones, neuromodulators, enzymes, second messengers, co-transporters, ion channels, and receptor proteins in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Studying these interactions, researchers are developing drugs to treat many different neurological disorders, including pain, neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, psychological disorders, addiction, and many others.
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