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silveira_report
silveira_report

... inside the cryostat from the 300 K outer walls. There is no need for extremely low pressures, since below a certain pressure the thermal conductivity of all gases is independent of the pressure: a vacuum between 10-4 and 10-6 mbar is desirable. The cryostat is being pumped by a mechanical pump with ...
Inertial mass and the quantum vacuum fields
Inertial mass and the quantum vacuum fields

... has been used so far to develop the hypothesis connecting inertia and the quantum vacuum is a semi-classical one (stochastic electrodynamics), the objective is congruent with that of quantum field theory: we are seeking an origin of inertia based on the properties of a quantum field, although thus f ...
Quantum and classical statistics of the electromagnetic zero
Quantum and classical statistics of the electromagnetic zero

... of field strength. The primary emphasis of this research program has been to determine to what extent classical physics plus a ZPF can reproduce the results of quantum mechanics (QM) and quantum electrodynamics (QED). Several interesting classical re-workings of quantum problems have been published. ...
5. Elements of quantum electromagnetism 5.1. Classical Maxwell
5. Elements of quantum electromagnetism 5.1. Classical Maxwell

... The charge density (ρ) fulfils a conservation equation: ∂ρ/∂t + ∇⋅J =0. Solutions to these equations characterize specific EM fields. The free space permeability and permittivity constants µo and εo are subsumed as 1/ µo εo = c2. The symbol c is the velocity of light. This theory relates to the spee ...
Laszlo and McTaggart
Laszlo and McTaggart

... great quantum scientists who were inclined to the mystical drew no support for it from the facts of physics. Physics, Philosophy and Emotion Before we look at the details of the physics it is worth looking at the cultural reception of it since the 17th century. From the start of the discipline prope ...
Collapse and Revival in the Jaynes-Cummings
Collapse and Revival in the Jaynes-Cummings

... [16] G. Rempe, H. Walther, and N. Klein, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, (1987). [17] F. Cordeiro, C. Providˆencia, J. da Providˆencia, and S. Nishiyama, Adv. Studies ...
QFT in curved space-time
QFT in curved space-time

... length. A first step towards quantum electrodynamics is to consider matter in a classical background of an electromagnetic field. In analogy, we might hope to get some insight to quantum effects of gravity by considering quantized fields in a classical background, i.e. in a classical curved space. S ...
Quantum and classical statistics of the electromagnetic zero
Quantum and classical statistics of the electromagnetic zero

... The primary emphasis of this research program has been to determine to what extent classical physics plus a ZPF can reproduce the results of quantum mechanics and quantum electrodynamics ~QED!. Several interesting classical reworkings of quantum problems have been published. For example, it has been ...
Jaynes-Cummings model
Jaynes-Cummings model

... where Ĥint is the interaction Hamiltonian. We can create a simple model for this interaction by considering what physical process(es) can happen. Clearly, one interaction process is for the atom to absorb a photon and thus excite from its ground state. (Because we are in resonance, this is an energ ...
The Mystery of the Cosmological Constant
The Mystery of the Cosmological Constant

... UNIVERSE with a large cosmological constant would be vastly different from the exist­ ing one. Here an artist has painted a scene as it might appear if the constant were as large as theoretical estimates suggest it could be. The illustration is based on a positive value for the constant on the order ...
Some Intriguing Consequences of the Quantum Vacuum
Some Intriguing Consequences of the Quantum Vacuum

... particular oscillator. Every quantum then supplies [" œ h = to the total energy [ œ 8[" , and similarly the momentum :" œ h5 to the total momentum : œ 8:" . The operator + is sometimes called ‘annihilation operator’, or ‘annihilator’, because it (mathematically) reduces the photon number by 1. The a ...
Black Holes and the Decay of the Universe
Black Holes and the Decay of the Universe

... state at all! Here, at low energies, if we live in the left “vacuum” we see a ‘normal’ particle spectrum (vacuum) and do not see it is not ...
The quantum vacuum as the origin of the speed of... T E P
The quantum vacuum as the origin of the speed of... T E P

... All known species of charged fermions are taken into account: the three families of charged leptons e, µ and τ and the three families of quarks (u, d), (c, s) and (t, b), including their three color states. This gives a total of 21 pair species, noted i. An ephemeral fermion pair is assumed to be th ...
Gauge-Gravity Duality and the Black Hole Interior
Gauge-Gravity Duality and the Black Hole Interior

... meaningless due to near-horizon divergences, but the finite density of DFT states makes (1) well defined. The manifest positivity of Na forbids cancellations, so our average must be at least Oð1Þ. We exclude the possibility that (1) is dominated by a small number of highly excited states, with the r ...
Acrobat PDFMaker 6.0
Acrobat PDFMaker 6.0

... c we get ~11.706e. These values are very close and it makes us wonder what the mix would be to obtain this value. We can imagine that screening and/or anti-screening effects might be involved here is why we don't get exactly 12e. But later on we will see that the mix is possibly not one for one. Vac ...
explanation of dynamical biefeld-brown effect from the
explanation of dynamical biefeld-brown effect from the

... [3]. In an experiment conducted by Woodward transient mass shift was also observed in the dielectric material by rapidly charging and high energy capacitors [4]. Recently it has been reported that Borbás Miklós detected a force by using a device, which was a simple ping-pong ball with a high voltage ...
How to use the Cosmological Schwinger principle for Energy
How to use the Cosmological Schwinger principle for Energy

... Beckwith has derived a way to use two Friedman equations for estimating Entropy [10] Also, by applying a Gaussian bifurcation mapping Beckwith defined the initial degrees of space time freedom up to over 1000 per unit of phase space during inflation [10]. We define entropy in terms of slow roll para ...
The cosmological constant problem, antimatter gravity and geometry
The cosmological constant problem, antimatter gravity and geometry

... represents a coordinate, while in FRW metric it is not a coordinate but the cosmic scale factor. From the point of view of the 4-dimensional Euclidean space, the present day Universe is an accelerated growing 3hypersphere. Instead of considering the Universe being a 3-hypersphere (9), assume that i ...
(1) - Intellectual Archive
(1) - Intellectual Archive

... signals the breakdown of the SM in this region. This conclusion, albeit preliminary, sheds light on the problem of extrapolating field theories in the deep ultraviolet sector, specifically near the Planck scale. As it is well known, General Relativity (GR) is exclusively an “effective” low-energy fr ...
Vacuum Pressures and Energy in a Strong Magnetic Field - if
Vacuum Pressures and Energy in a Strong Magnetic Field - if

... in the cores of extremely magnetized neutron stars. But electron system is hardly in equilibrium for this range of fields, and for these stellar objects the neutron and proton gases are the most important. The last suggests that the interaction of quark-antiquark virtual pairs with the magnetic fiel ...
Planck`s law as a consequence of the zeropoint radiation field
Planck`s law as a consequence of the zeropoint radiation field

... The Planck law has been derived without introducing any discrete property or quantum rule for the field or matter oscillators. This seems to be the kind of derivation that Planck was looking for when he tried to avoid the need to introduce the discrete interchange of energy among field and matter os ...
Possibility of the Space Propulsion System Utilizing
Possibility of the Space Propulsion System Utilizing

... From the theoretical analysis by the zero-point field theory, it is considered that the interaction of zero-point vacuum fluctuations with pulsed high potential electric field can induce a higher acceleration to the moving body. This result suggests that the impulsive electric field applied to the s ...
A zero-point energy inclusive principle of conservation of
A zero-point energy inclusive principle of conservation of

... a proton and electron, also known as a beta particle. A neutron is also produced when an electron of sufficient energy combines with a proton. Based on conservation of energy principles it was thought that the beta particle should have a fixed energy, but it does not. The sampling of neutron decay b ...
arXiv:1211.4848v3 [hep-th] 6 Mar 2013
arXiv:1211.4848v3 [hep-th] 6 Mar 2013

... point of this paper is to question whether the CCP as it is currently stated is actually properly formulated. As we will see, our line of reasoning leads to an estimate of the cosmological constant which is much more reasonable, and of the correct order of magnitude. Let us begin by ignoring gravity ...
variations in variation and selection: the ubiquity
variations in variation and selection: the ubiquity

... – a conserved quantity. Forms of symmetry are forms of invariance, or forms of constraint, on those dynamics, and conserved quantities are what yield an excitation of a quantum field moving through the underlying sea of vacuum activity – a current carrying that conserved quantity. A symmetry, or for ...
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Zero-point energy

Zero-point energy, also called quantum vacuum zero-point energy, is the lowest possible energy that a quantum mechanical physical system may have; it is the energy of its ground state.All quantum mechanical systems undergo fluctuations even in their ground state and have an associated zero-point energy, a consequence of their wave-like nature. The uncertainty principle requires every physical system to have a zero-point energy greater than the minimum of its classical potential well. This results in motion even at absolute zero. For example, liquid helium does not freeze under atmospheric pressure at any temperature because of its zero-point energy.The concept of zero-point energy was developed by Max Planck in Germany in 1911 as a corrective term added to a zero-grounded formula developed in his original quantum theory in 1900. The term zero-point energy is a translation from the German Nullpunktsenergie.Vacuum energy is the zero-point energy of all the fields in space, which in the Standard Model includes the electromagnetic field, other gauge fields, fermionic fields, and the Higgs field. It is the energy of the vacuum, which in quantum field theory is defined not as empty space but as the ground state of the fields. In cosmology, the vacuum energy is one possible explanation for the cosmological constant. A related term is zero-point field, which is the lowest energy state of a particular field.Scientists are not in agreement about how much energy is contained in the vacuum and for what purpose if any it could be used. Quantum mechanics requires the energy to be large as Paul Dirac claimed it is, like a sea of energy. Other scientists specializing in General Relativity require the energy to be small enough for curvature of space to agree with observed astronomy. Heisenberg uncertainty principle allows the energy to be as large as needed to promote quantum actions for a brief moment of time, even if the average energy is small enough to satisfy relativity and flat space. To cope with disagreements, the vacuum energy is described as a virtual energy potential of positive and negative energy.While much is known about physical laws, little is known about how the laws are contained in nature, or how the gauge group finds expression in physical actions. Much theoretical work has been done on symmetry groups and topics related to the Standard Model with expectations that a Theory of Everything might be found using fundamental principles to describe the Zero Point Energy, as well as interactions of physical laws and the observed particles of physics. An example is given that Kaluza Klein theory found the Maxwell Equations by adding a fifth dimension to Albert Einstein's field equations. Additional work is continuing in 10 to 12 dimensions of Super Symmetry to describe the vacuum and actions that occur in it. Popular choices for the unifying group are the special unitary group in five dimensions SU(5) and the special orthogonal group in ten dimensions SO(10).
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