Mental rotation and object categorization share a common network
... Ungerleider and Haxby, 1994). However, not only ventral but also dorsal regions of object-sensitive posterior cortex (dorsal foci 1 and 2 [DF1; DF2]) in humans have routinely been observed during object perception and categorization tasks, even under passive viewing (Altmann et al., 2005; Ganis et a ...
... Ungerleider and Haxby, 1994). However, not only ventral but also dorsal regions of object-sensitive posterior cortex (dorsal foci 1 and 2 [DF1; DF2]) in humans have routinely been observed during object perception and categorization tasks, even under passive viewing (Altmann et al., 2005; Ganis et a ...
Basal Ganglia YAYDAR 2012-2013
... Determining the timing and scale of movement: to what extent the movement will be fast, and how long it will last. Storage of motor programs of familiar motor actions: e.g. signature. ...
... Determining the timing and scale of movement: to what extent the movement will be fast, and how long it will last. Storage of motor programs of familiar motor actions: e.g. signature. ...
Reflections on agranular architecture: predictive coding in the motor
... time. Biological motion detection implies recognition of complex motion patterns, such as a reach and grasp movement, or a repetitive action, such as walking [21]. In other words, the generative model of the brain is more like a narrative or scenario, predicting sequences of events. The scenario ena ...
... time. Biological motion detection implies recognition of complex motion patterns, such as a reach and grasp movement, or a repetitive action, such as walking [21]. In other words, the generative model of the brain is more like a narrative or scenario, predicting sequences of events. The scenario ena ...
Self-organization and interareal networks™in™the™primate cortex
... corticogenesis cannot be understood uniquely in terms of molecular prespecification but must also take into account the internal and external environmental factors that modulate organization as cortical development unfolds. The developing sensory apparatus produces environmental information from whi ...
... corticogenesis cannot be understood uniquely in terms of molecular prespecification but must also take into account the internal and external environmental factors that modulate organization as cortical development unfolds. The developing sensory apparatus produces environmental information from whi ...
Enhanced cholinergic suppression of previously strengthened synapses enables the formation of
... This interference with spread of activity slows or blocks the formation of self-organized representations in posterior neurons (Fig. 1C, Strong suppression). However, as shown previously, no suppression during learning leads to high interference between simultaneously stored patterns and to runaway ...
... This interference with spread of activity slows or blocks the formation of self-organized representations in posterior neurons (Fig. 1C, Strong suppression). However, as shown previously, no suppression during learning leads to high interference between simultaneously stored patterns and to runaway ...
Capturing Brain Dynamics: a combined neuroscience and
... Neural synchronization ‣ A red Ferrari sports car drives by you’re perceiving: ...
... Neural synchronization ‣ A red Ferrari sports car drives by you’re perceiving: ...
The hippocampal–striatal axis in learning, prediction and
... context representation. A context defined by spatiotemporal cues (a configuration of multiple environmental or idiothetic cues) may predominantly engage dorsal HPC [21], whereas a context defined by non-spatial (e.g. odor, interoceptive and emotional) cues may rely more strongly on ventral HPC [27,2 ...
... context representation. A context defined by spatiotemporal cues (a configuration of multiple environmental or idiothetic cues) may predominantly engage dorsal HPC [21], whereas a context defined by non-spatial (e.g. odor, interoceptive and emotional) cues may rely more strongly on ventral HPC [27,2 ...
Rapid Alterations in Diffusion-weighted Images with Anatomic
... neuronal loss, whereas hippocampal damage was much less pronounced at 12 hours. Interestingly, very little histologic damage was seen in the retrosplenial cortex. CONCLUSION: This study capitalized on diffusion-weighted imaging as a sensitive technique for the early identification of seizure-induced ...
... neuronal loss, whereas hippocampal damage was much less pronounced at 12 hours. Interestingly, very little histologic damage was seen in the retrosplenial cortex. CONCLUSION: This study capitalized on diffusion-weighted imaging as a sensitive technique for the early identification of seizure-induced ...
Individualism, conservatism, and radicalism as criteria for
... parametric design to identify, across individuals, the brain regions whose neural response was linearly modulated by the salience of each of the three dimensions, independently from subjects’ characteristics and judgments. It has recently been proposed that the medial prefrontal cortex plays a funda ...
... parametric design to identify, across individuals, the brain regions whose neural response was linearly modulated by the salience of each of the three dimensions, independently from subjects’ characteristics and judgments. It has recently been proposed that the medial prefrontal cortex plays a funda ...
PDF
... Neurophysiological mapping techniques were used to determine changes in spared motor representations. Results—All monkeys recovered to baseline motor performance levels by postinfarct day 16. Functional recovery in the experimental group was significantly facilitated on the primary end point, albeit ...
... Neurophysiological mapping techniques were used to determine changes in spared motor representations. Results—All monkeys recovered to baseline motor performance levels by postinfarct day 16. Functional recovery in the experimental group was significantly facilitated on the primary end point, albeit ...
Cerebellum: The Brain for an Implicit Self
... which is reproducible on a computer. Such an advanced model enables us to make further predictions, which can again be tested in even more precise experiments. In this iterative, cyclic development using observation-inspired models, modelbased predictions, and experimental testing of the predictions ...
... which is reproducible on a computer. Such an advanced model enables us to make further predictions, which can again be tested in even more precise experiments. In this iterative, cyclic development using observation-inspired models, modelbased predictions, and experimental testing of the predictions ...
19 TROCHLEAR NUCLEUS (C.N. IV)
... proper, contains preganglionic parasympathetic (visceromotor) neurons whose axons end in the ciliary ganglion. Short postganglionic parasympathetic axons then pass from the ciliary ganglion to the sphincter pupillae of the iris and the ciliary muscles of the eye (for changing shape of lens in accomm ...
... proper, contains preganglionic parasympathetic (visceromotor) neurons whose axons end in the ciliary ganglion. Short postganglionic parasympathetic axons then pass from the ciliary ganglion to the sphincter pupillae of the iris and the ciliary muscles of the eye (for changing shape of lens in accomm ...
CNS – composed of the brain and spinal cord Cephalization
... The amount of sensory cortex devoted to a given body region is related to the degree of sensitivity in that region, and not the body size (e.g. face, lips, ...
... The amount of sensory cortex devoted to a given body region is related to the degree of sensitivity in that region, and not the body size (e.g. face, lips, ...
CHAPTER 11: NERVOUS SYSTEM II: DIVISIONS OF THE
... 25. Compare the major functional areas (sensory and motor) of the cerebral cortex in terms of location and function (a diagram may help here). 26. Explain what is meant by an association area of the cerebral cortex and name a few association traits. 27. Name the term referring to the measurement of ...
... 25. Compare the major functional areas (sensory and motor) of the cerebral cortex in terms of location and function (a diagram may help here). 26. Explain what is meant by an association area of the cerebral cortex and name a few association traits. 27. Name the term referring to the measurement of ...
Ecology and Echolocation of Bats and Toothed Whales
... echolocation caused by different ecologies of two mammalian groups. Echolocation is the process of emitting sounds and deriving information from the returning echoes to be able to navigate and forage. Bats and toothed whales possess vastly different ecologies, but have evolved sophisticated echoloca ...
... echolocation caused by different ecologies of two mammalian groups. Echolocation is the process of emitting sounds and deriving information from the returning echoes to be able to navigate and forage. Bats and toothed whales possess vastly different ecologies, but have evolved sophisticated echoloca ...
Sleep Mar 19 2013x - Lakehead University
... consolidation What many suggest: • REM sleep deprivation in humans and rats can impair their ability to learn new tasks • Karni and colleagues found that people’s performance on a visual task improved with REM sleep ...
... consolidation What many suggest: • REM sleep deprivation in humans and rats can impair their ability to learn new tasks • Karni and colleagues found that people’s performance on a visual task improved with REM sleep ...
Auditory physiology chapter
... the low frequency components of the signal are directed to one end of the cochlea and the highfrequency components are directed to the other end. As will be seen later in this chapter, the precise role that is played by this frequency analysis is only partially understood. ...
... the low frequency components of the signal are directed to one end of the cochlea and the highfrequency components are directed to the other end. As will be seen later in this chapter, the precise role that is played by this frequency analysis is only partially understood. ...
The limbic system
... The limbic structures are closely related to the olfactory cortex and have a role in the processing of olfactory sensation. Amygdala is involved in the emotional response to smell while another limbic structure—the entorhinal cortex, is concerned with olfactory memories [Figure 7].[13] Appetite and ...
... The limbic structures are closely related to the olfactory cortex and have a role in the processing of olfactory sensation. Amygdala is involved in the emotional response to smell while another limbic structure—the entorhinal cortex, is concerned with olfactory memories [Figure 7].[13] Appetite and ...
Review Article Long-Term Memory Search across the
... The primate L2/3 pyramidal neurons target L5 and L6 neurons of V1, but send also horizontal axon projections to V2 [86] and transmit the excitatory electric signal to deeper visual brain areas. The L6 neurons of V1 backproject to LGN (see Figure 2). Even though the excitatory signal sent by primate ...
... The primate L2/3 pyramidal neurons target L5 and L6 neurons of V1, but send also horizontal axon projections to V2 [86] and transmit the excitatory electric signal to deeper visual brain areas. The L6 neurons of V1 backproject to LGN (see Figure 2). Even though the excitatory signal sent by primate ...
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: Decomposing the
... manual movements and dexterous control. However, TMS predominantly activates fast-conducting crossed corticospinal fibers, and thus MEPs only reflect a part of descending projections that contribute to the control of movement (cf. Bestmann and Krakauer 2015; Di Lazzaro and Rothwell 2014; Di Lazzaro ...
... manual movements and dexterous control. However, TMS predominantly activates fast-conducting crossed corticospinal fibers, and thus MEPs only reflect a part of descending projections that contribute to the control of movement (cf. Bestmann and Krakauer 2015; Di Lazzaro and Rothwell 2014; Di Lazzaro ...
- Philsci
... predictions of all motor parameters, while 16-19 cells in the supplementary motor area were sufficient to accurately predict hand position and velocity but not gripping force). It is worth noting that these results, which concern the decoding of motor parameters from brain activity, have been obtain ...
... predictions of all motor parameters, while 16-19 cells in the supplementary motor area were sufficient to accurately predict hand position and velocity but not gripping force). It is worth noting that these results, which concern the decoding of motor parameters from brain activity, have been obtain ...
Predictions, perception, and a sense of self
... being exchanged between successively higher levels of the cortical hierarchy. This neurobiological form of predictive coding is predicated on the notion of the brain as a Bayesian or inferential machine2,3 that is trying to infer the causes of sensory input. Here, Bayesian inference simply refers to ...
... being exchanged between successively higher levels of the cortical hierarchy. This neurobiological form of predictive coding is predicated on the notion of the brain as a Bayesian or inferential machine2,3 that is trying to infer the causes of sensory input. Here, Bayesian inference simply refers to ...
The functional role of the parieto-frontal mirror circuit
... reflects motor preparation. In support of this interpretation are single-neuron data from monkeys showing that these areas are involved in covert motor preparation22–23. As for the superior parietal lobule, although its activation is typically absent in studies in which the experimenters use distal ...
... reflects motor preparation. In support of this interpretation are single-neuron data from monkeys showing that these areas are involved in covert motor preparation22–23. As for the superior parietal lobule, although its activation is typically absent in studies in which the experimenters use distal ...
New Insights on Neural Basis of Choice
... neuroeconomics, a branch in neuroscience that is still in its infancy. Although choosing among different types of goods and products might be very challenging, our brains are able to compute our choice with a fascinating velocity. A large number of experiments have investigated the neural correlates ...
... neuroeconomics, a branch in neuroscience that is still in its infancy. Although choosing among different types of goods and products might be very challenging, our brains are able to compute our choice with a fascinating velocity. A large number of experiments have investigated the neural correlates ...
Differential functional connectivity of rostral
... valuable to identify the role of this connectivity in emotion dysregulation, such as anxiety and depression. Anxiety is characterized by an attentional bias toward threatening stimuli (McNally, 1998; Compton et al., 2000; Nitschke and Heller, 2002) and reduced recruitment of rACC during attentional ...
... valuable to identify the role of this connectivity in emotion dysregulation, such as anxiety and depression. Anxiety is characterized by an attentional bias toward threatening stimuli (McNally, 1998; Compton et al., 2000; Nitschke and Heller, 2002) and reduced recruitment of rACC during attentional ...