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... important white fiber tracts. The importance and necessity of a precise understanding of the white fiber anatomy for the neurosurgeon are greater than ever because of the recent introduction of diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI)-based tractography, a rapid and noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ...
... important white fiber tracts. The importance and necessity of a precise understanding of the white fiber anatomy for the neurosurgeon are greater than ever because of the recent introduction of diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI)-based tractography, a rapid and noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ...
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... cerebellum is that of Angevine et al. (1961). This dissection in three planes reveals the structure of the folia and deep nuclei. There are inherent difficulties in using this atlas for contemporary purposes, however. It is applicable only in the parasagittal plane, as the coronal and axial planes o ...
... cerebellum is that of Angevine et al. (1961). This dissection in three planes reveals the structure of the folia and deep nuclei. There are inherent difficulties in using this atlas for contemporary purposes, however. It is applicable only in the parasagittal plane, as the coronal and axial planes o ...
Conscious Modulation in Normal Sleep
... The neurophysiologic basis of several aspects of human consciousness has been explored using functional brain imaging techniques. For example, the brain regional mediation of some processes underlying perceptual awareness have studied in hallucinations as a model of inner brain activation [4]; subje ...
... The neurophysiologic basis of several aspects of human consciousness has been explored using functional brain imaging techniques. For example, the brain regional mediation of some processes underlying perceptual awareness have studied in hallucinations as a model of inner brain activation [4]; subje ...
Measurement of Corpus Callosum in Sudanese Population Using MRI
... in the integration of information between the two hemispheres (Gupta ,et al 2008).Position and size of the corpus callosum is well appreciated in median sections. The anterior end is called “the genu", the median region "the corpus" and the posterior region "the splenium". Nerve fibres of the corpus ...
... in the integration of information between the two hemispheres (Gupta ,et al 2008).Position and size of the corpus callosum is well appreciated in median sections. The anterior end is called “the genu", the median region "the corpus" and the posterior region "the splenium". Nerve fibres of the corpus ...
Getting to Know You: Reputation and Trust in a Two
... and the peak of these ‘‘intention to trust’’ responses shifted its time of occurrence by 14 seconds as player reputations developed. This temporal transfer resembles a similar shift of reward prediction errors common to reinforcement learning models, but in the context of a social exchange. These da ...
... and the peak of these ‘‘intention to trust’’ responses shifted its time of occurrence by 14 seconds as player reputations developed. This temporal transfer resembles a similar shift of reward prediction errors common to reinforcement learning models, but in the context of a social exchange. These da ...
Increased prefrontal activity and reduced motor cortex
... studies have shown that imagery can be used to improve strength related tasks (Ranganathan et al., 2004), but it is still a controversial issue with large individual differences. Although, one must also remember that there are differences between motor imagery and execution, and it has been shown th ...
... studies have shown that imagery can be used to improve strength related tasks (Ranganathan et al., 2004), but it is still a controversial issue with large individual differences. Although, one must also remember that there are differences between motor imagery and execution, and it has been shown th ...
Wager, T. D., Kang, J., Johnson, T. D., Nichols, T. E., Satpute, A. B.
... one emotion type from another, it is not clear that these findings are reliable enough (with sufficiently large effects) or generalizable enough across studies to meaningfully use brain information to infer what type of emotion was experienced. Recently, studies have begun to take a pattern-based vi ...
... one emotion type from another, it is not clear that these findings are reliable enough (with sufficiently large effects) or generalizable enough across studies to meaningfully use brain information to infer what type of emotion was experienced. Recently, studies have begun to take a pattern-based vi ...
Validation of hippocampal volumes measured using a
... implement hundreds of recent algorithms, such as linear and nonlinear spatial normalization, surface base registration, intensity nonuniformity correction, segmentation, and skull stripping, although the users of FreeSurfer and IBASPM can perform automated hippocampal volumetry without knowing all o ...
... implement hundreds of recent algorithms, such as linear and nonlinear spatial normalization, surface base registration, intensity nonuniformity correction, segmentation, and skull stripping, although the users of FreeSurfer and IBASPM can perform automated hippocampal volumetry without knowing all o ...
Histamine neurons in the tuberomamillary nucleus: a whole center
... et al., 2003), or Orexin-A (Huang et al., 2001). On the other hand, the lack of increase in histamine release during TMN perfusion with H3 -R antagonists observed in the dorsal striatum and NAcc, despite the fact that these brain areas receive histaminergic innervation (Panula et al., 1989), indicat ...
... et al., 2003), or Orexin-A (Huang et al., 2001). On the other hand, the lack of increase in histamine release during TMN perfusion with H3 -R antagonists observed in the dorsal striatum and NAcc, despite the fact that these brain areas receive histaminergic innervation (Panula et al., 1989), indicat ...
MR Imaging–Detectable Metabolic Alterations in Attention Deficit
... In behavioral neuroscience, animal models enable the investigation of brain-behavior relations under controlled conditions (eg, standardized housing and testing), with the aim of gaining insight into the neurobiology and pathophysiology of normal and abnormal human behavior and its underlying neuron ...
... In behavioral neuroscience, animal models enable the investigation of brain-behavior relations under controlled conditions (eg, standardized housing and testing), with the aim of gaining insight into the neurobiology and pathophysiology of normal and abnormal human behavior and its underlying neuron ...
Study Objectives
... 4. Identify and briefly describe experimental approaches used to examine cerebral lateralization in humans. 5. Describe Sperry's and Gazzaniga's work with split-brain patients. What did their results reveal about the functions of the two cerebral hemispheres? 6. Define aphasia and list at least thr ...
... 4. Identify and briefly describe experimental approaches used to examine cerebral lateralization in humans. 5. Describe Sperry's and Gazzaniga's work with split-brain patients. What did their results reveal about the functions of the two cerebral hemispheres? 6. Define aphasia and list at least thr ...
Evolutionarily conserved prefrontal-amygdalar dysfunction in early
... precision that is difficult to achieve using conventional imaging techniques in humans (for example, see Herringa et al.43 and Burghy et al.44). As in other recent work by our group,43,44 hypothesis testing employed statistical maps that were thresholded (P = .05, corrected) based on cluster extent. ...
... precision that is difficult to achieve using conventional imaging techniques in humans (for example, see Herringa et al.43 and Burghy et al.44). As in other recent work by our group,43,44 hypothesis testing employed statistical maps that were thresholded (P = .05, corrected) based on cluster extent. ...
E ffects of different kinds of acute stress on nerve growth factor
... activation of the HPAA [13,20]. The observed change of NGF concentration in the amygdala after the experience of an acute threat is a new finding. The relevance of NGF changes in the amygdala for the processing of fear is not understood, yet it may be speculated that NGF plays an important role. One ...
... activation of the HPAA [13,20]. The observed change of NGF concentration in the amygdala after the experience of an acute threat is a new finding. The relevance of NGF changes in the amygdala for the processing of fear is not understood, yet it may be speculated that NGF plays an important role. One ...
Astrocytes - American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
... review several basic facts about astrocytes and then selectively survey some of their functions, particularly emphasizing recent findings about metabolic interactions between astrocytes and neurons. We also discuss features of astrocyte function as they relate to synaptic plasticity and emerging con ...
... review several basic facts about astrocytes and then selectively survey some of their functions, particularly emphasizing recent findings about metabolic interactions between astrocytes and neurons. We also discuss features of astrocyte function as they relate to synaptic plasticity and emerging con ...
Vasopressin Receptors of the Vasopressor (V,)
... Autoradiography. Following removal, brain tissue was rapidly frozen in isopentane (2-methylbutane) at -25°C. Series of lo- to 15-pm-thick sections were cut, mounted on chromalun gelatin-coated slides, and stored at - 80°C in closed boxes until use. For the binding procedure, the sections were preinc ...
... Autoradiography. Following removal, brain tissue was rapidly frozen in isopentane (2-methylbutane) at -25°C. Series of lo- to 15-pm-thick sections were cut, mounted on chromalun gelatin-coated slides, and stored at - 80°C in closed boxes until use. For the binding procedure, the sections were preinc ...
Prediction of Subjective Affective State From Brain Activations
... asked with data from functional neuroimaging of the brain, including how well it is possible to predict which stimulus has been shown or which decision will be taken, by measuring the activity in the voxels of activity typically 1 mm3 or larger, which are usually analyzed in humans (Eger et al. 2008 ...
... asked with data from functional neuroimaging of the brain, including how well it is possible to predict which stimulus has been shown or which decision will be taken, by measuring the activity in the voxels of activity typically 1 mm3 or larger, which are usually analyzed in humans (Eger et al. 2008 ...
Defining the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) as a deep brain
... PC based coordinate system. These delineations were also used for measurements of length, height, width and cross-sectional area of the ANT in each thalamus (Table 1). To study anatomical overlap between individuals in stereotactic space, each anatomical model was taken into a common AC–PC based coo ...
... PC based coordinate system. These delineations were also used for measurements of length, height, width and cross-sectional area of the ANT in each thalamus (Table 1). To study anatomical overlap between individuals in stereotactic space, each anatomical model was taken into a common AC–PC based coo ...
Central mechanisms of osmosensation and systemic osmoregulation
... of a gastric salt load increases the osmolality of blood in the hepatic portal vein within 7 minutes, whereas systemic osmolality remains unchanged for up to 15 minutes56. Osmoreceptors in these areas can therefore detect the osmotic strength of ingested materials and, through afferent connections t ...
... of a gastric salt load increases the osmolality of blood in the hepatic portal vein within 7 minutes, whereas systemic osmolality remains unchanged for up to 15 minutes56. Osmoreceptors in these areas can therefore detect the osmotic strength of ingested materials and, through afferent connections t ...
Short frontal lobe connections of the human brain
... marginal sulcus (FMS). The connections between Broca and medial frontal areas (i.e. FAT) and those between the hand-knob motor region and post-central gyrus (PoCG) were found left lateralized in a group of twelve healthy right-handed subjects. The existence of these short frontal connections was con ...
... marginal sulcus (FMS). The connections between Broca and medial frontal areas (i.e. FAT) and those between the hand-knob motor region and post-central gyrus (PoCG) were found left lateralized in a group of twelve healthy right-handed subjects. The existence of these short frontal connections was con ...
introduction and organization of the nervous system
... With knowledge of anatomy, a physician knows that a fracture dislocation of the 7th thoracic vertebra would result in severe damage to the 10th thoracic segment of the spinal cord. Because of the small size of the vertebral foramen in the thoracic region, such an injury inevitably results in damage ...
... With knowledge of anatomy, a physician knows that a fracture dislocation of the 7th thoracic vertebra would result in severe damage to the 10th thoracic segment of the spinal cord. Because of the small size of the vertebral foramen in the thoracic region, such an injury inevitably results in damage ...