Robo1 Regulates the Migration and Laminar Distribution of Upper
... limited number of neurons. This prompted us to investigate whether additional mechanisms may contribute to the correct positioning of the cortical neurons after they reach the upper part of the CP. Roundabout (Robo) was first identified as a receptor for the chemorepulsive ligand Slit in the Drosophil ...
... limited number of neurons. This prompted us to investigate whether additional mechanisms may contribute to the correct positioning of the cortical neurons after they reach the upper part of the CP. Roundabout (Robo) was first identified as a receptor for the chemorepulsive ligand Slit in the Drosophil ...
The spinal trigeminal nucleus — considerations on the
... The caudal part (nucleus caudalis) of the spinal trigeminal nucleus is considered to be the site of the second order neurons of the nociceptive pathways of the face. Recent studies have supported the co-participation in these circuits of the oral part of the same nucleus (nucleus oralis). The aims o ...
... The caudal part (nucleus caudalis) of the spinal trigeminal nucleus is considered to be the site of the second order neurons of the nociceptive pathways of the face. Recent studies have supported the co-participation in these circuits of the oral part of the same nucleus (nucleus oralis). The aims o ...
Contributions to the Understanding of the Neural Bases of
... In humans, the complex system of mental and spiritual processes depends on, and is produced by the highest psychical activities, i.e. depends on, and is produced by the brain, making people to: use symbolic representation and language; reflect on the past and anticipate and plan for the future; tran ...
... In humans, the complex system of mental and spiritual processes depends on, and is produced by the highest psychical activities, i.e. depends on, and is produced by the brain, making people to: use symbolic representation and language; reflect on the past and anticipate and plan for the future; tran ...
cerebral cortex - CM
... functionally connected with cerebral cortex, basal nuclei, brainstem, and spinal cord; interactions between these regions together coordinate movement (Figure 12.11) • Anatomically, divided into two cerebellar hemispheres connected by structure called vermis (Figure 12.11a) • Ridges called folia cov ...
... functionally connected with cerebral cortex, basal nuclei, brainstem, and spinal cord; interactions between these regions together coordinate movement (Figure 12.11) • Anatomically, divided into two cerebellar hemispheres connected by structure called vermis (Figure 12.11a) • Ridges called folia cov ...
Telencephalon
... Afferent different neurons have different patterns of termination on dendrites and soma of striatal projection neurons spine shaft spine head ...
... Afferent different neurons have different patterns of termination on dendrites and soma of striatal projection neurons spine shaft spine head ...
Somatic regions Limbic These functionally distinct
... 5) At the base of the midbrain (ventral side) one finds a fiber bundle that shows great differences in relative size in different species. Give examples. What are the fibers called and where do they originate? 8) A decussating group of axons called the brachium conjunctivum also varies greatly in ...
... 5) At the base of the midbrain (ventral side) one finds a fiber bundle that shows great differences in relative size in different species. Give examples. What are the fibers called and where do they originate? 8) A decussating group of axons called the brachium conjunctivum also varies greatly in ...
Calcium Binding Protein-Like lmmunoreactivity Labels the Terminal
... immunoreactivity in the somata of NL. We report here that CaBPlike immunoreactivity stains the terminal field of NL. The specific CaBP immunoreactivity is localized to a dense plexus of fibers that have bouton-like swellings, usually around unstained somata. This type of immunoreactivity is found in ...
... immunoreactivity in the somata of NL. We report here that CaBPlike immunoreactivity stains the terminal field of NL. The specific CaBP immunoreactivity is localized to a dense plexus of fibers that have bouton-like swellings, usually around unstained somata. This type of immunoreactivity is found in ...
- AVMA Journals Online
... not so sharply subdivided into magnocellular and parvicellular regions, whereas in cats, not only are the magnocellular and parvicellular elements intermixed throughout the RN, but also the parvicellular population projects to the cervical spinal cord.5 At present, little is known about the morpholo ...
... not so sharply subdivided into magnocellular and parvicellular regions, whereas in cats, not only are the magnocellular and parvicellular elements intermixed throughout the RN, but also the parvicellular population projects to the cervical spinal cord.5 At present, little is known about the morpholo ...
May 11, 04copy.doc
... Sensory deprivation has been a productive approach to investigate the effects of environmental stimuli on adult and developing brain. Whereas lack of normal excitatory inputs leaves some cortical neurotransmitter systems unaffected (Goodman et al., 1993; Schlaggar et al, 1993), it can lead to down r ...
... Sensory deprivation has been a productive approach to investigate the effects of environmental stimuli on adult and developing brain. Whereas lack of normal excitatory inputs leaves some cortical neurotransmitter systems unaffected (Goodman et al., 1993; Schlaggar et al, 1993), it can lead to down r ...
The visual-oculomotor striatum of the cat: functional relationship to
... outflow signals reaching VM can be sent back to the striatum as part of a feedback circuit informing the striatum about basal-ganglia signals reaching the cerebral cortex (Mengual et al. 1999). Ascending tectal signals could play a role in this proposed thalamostriate feedback loop. Moreover, descen ...
... outflow signals reaching VM can be sent back to the striatum as part of a feedback circuit informing the striatum about basal-ganglia signals reaching the cerebral cortex (Mengual et al. 1999). Ascending tectal signals could play a role in this proposed thalamostriate feedback loop. Moreover, descen ...
BASAL GANGLIA
... o Globus Pallidus -external segment o Subthalamic nucleus o Substantia nigra o Ventral tegmental area o Major inputs to the striatum come from the cerebral cortex & the thalamus ...
... o Globus Pallidus -external segment o Subthalamic nucleus o Substantia nigra o Ventral tegmental area o Major inputs to the striatum come from the cerebral cortex & the thalamus ...
Two Phylogenetic Specializations in the Human Brain
... termination of these axons have not yet been determined. The cell body and dendrites of the spindle cells contain a rich concentration of nonphosphorlyated neurofilaments, which are a characteristic feature of neurons with large axons (see Fig. 2) (Hoffman and others 1987; Nimchinsky and others 1995 ...
... termination of these axons have not yet been determined. The cell body and dendrites of the spindle cells contain a rich concentration of nonphosphorlyated neurofilaments, which are a characteristic feature of neurons with large axons (see Fig. 2) (Hoffman and others 1987; Nimchinsky and others 1995 ...
BASAL GANGLIA
... o Globus Pallidus -external segment o Subthalamic nucleus o Substantia nigra o Ventral tegmental area o Major inputs to the striatum come from the cerebral cortex & the thalamus ...
... o Globus Pallidus -external segment o Subthalamic nucleus o Substantia nigra o Ventral tegmental area o Major inputs to the striatum come from the cerebral cortex & the thalamus ...
Gross Anatomy
... Spinal Cord • Functions to transmit messages to and from the brain (white matter) and to serve as a reflex center (gray matter). • Tube of neural tissue continuous w/ the medulla at the base of the brain and extends about 17” to just below the last rib. (Ends at ...
... Spinal Cord • Functions to transmit messages to and from the brain (white matter) and to serve as a reflex center (gray matter). • Tube of neural tissue continuous w/ the medulla at the base of the brain and extends about 17” to just below the last rib. (Ends at ...
Functional Anatomy, Physiology and Clinical Aspects of Basal Ganglia
... of behaviours after making a mistake (ibid.). The damage of this circuit results in emotional disorders especially deep apathy and lack of spontaneity. Lowered mood is accompanied by weakening of affect and motor adynamy (ibid.). On the basis of a pattern of basal ganglia connections, being a part o ...
... of behaviours after making a mistake (ibid.). The damage of this circuit results in emotional disorders especially deep apathy and lack of spontaneity. Lowered mood is accompanied by weakening of affect and motor adynamy (ibid.). On the basis of a pattern of basal ganglia connections, being a part o ...
PDF
... the mature cortex. Pia (or pia mater). Innermost layer of the meninges that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Preplate. Located between the pia and the ventricular zone, it contains the earliest born neurons and represents the beginning of corticogenesis prior to the emergence of the cortical pla ...
... the mature cortex. Pia (or pia mater). Innermost layer of the meninges that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Preplate. Located between the pia and the ventricular zone, it contains the earliest born neurons and represents the beginning of corticogenesis prior to the emergence of the cortical pla ...
Edward Jones
... which teachers of mathematics direct their teaching. In a math examination, I always seemed to spend my time trying to decipher the written sense of a question rather than jumping intuitively, as my school fellows did, to the requisite formula for working it out. The decision to go to University cam ...
... which teachers of mathematics direct their teaching. In a math examination, I always seemed to spend my time trying to decipher the written sense of a question rather than jumping intuitively, as my school fellows did, to the requisite formula for working it out. The decision to go to University cam ...
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
... under aseptic conditions and anesthesia with sodium pentobarbital (25–30 mgykg). The right hemisphere was retracted from the falx with a brain spoon. An aspirator was used to make a sagittal incision #5 mm in length in the corpus callosum, entering the lateral ventricle at the level of the intervent ...
... under aseptic conditions and anesthesia with sodium pentobarbital (25–30 mgykg). The right hemisphere was retracted from the falx with a brain spoon. An aspirator was used to make a sagittal incision #5 mm in length in the corpus callosum, entering the lateral ventricle at the level of the intervent ...
The Distribution of Chandelier Cell Axon Terminals that Express the
... observed in layer II, followed by layers III, V, VI, and IV. In most cortical areas, the density of GAT-1-ir Ch-terminals was positively correlated with the neuronal density, although a negative correlation was detected in layer III across all cortical areas. These results indicate that there are su ...
... observed in layer II, followed by layers III, V, VI, and IV. In most cortical areas, the density of GAT-1-ir Ch-terminals was positively correlated with the neuronal density, although a negative correlation was detected in layer III across all cortical areas. These results indicate that there are su ...
Feedforward, horizontal, and feedback processing
... activity. This would prevent the feedforward–feedback loops from causing uncontrollable excitation in the neuronal network [17]. Indeed, inactivation of area MS in the cat has less effect on deoxyglucose uptake in lower areas than in higher areas [18••]. More or less direct feedback loops do exist, ...
... activity. This would prevent the feedforward–feedback loops from causing uncontrollable excitation in the neuronal network [17]. Indeed, inactivation of area MS in the cat has less effect on deoxyglucose uptake in lower areas than in higher areas [18••]. More or less direct feedback loops do exist, ...
Optimal Sizes of Dendritic and Axonal Arbors
... 3.2 Other factors affecting arbor sizes One may argue that dendrites and axons have functions other than linking cell bodies to synapses and, therefore, the size of the arbors may be dictated by other considerations. Although I can not rule out this possibility, the primary function ofaxons and dend ...
... 3.2 Other factors affecting arbor sizes One may argue that dendrites and axons have functions other than linking cell bodies to synapses and, therefore, the size of the arbors may be dictated by other considerations. Although I can not rule out this possibility, the primary function ofaxons and dend ...
General knowledge about nervous system
... Large doses of opiates can be fatal b/c suppress activity of medulla…why…?...b/c receptors there! ...
... Large doses of opiates can be fatal b/c suppress activity of medulla…why…?...b/c receptors there! ...
Distribution of GABA‐like immunoreactivity in the rat amygdaloid
... GABA-Li material. However, the pattern and location of The distribution of GABA-like immunoreactivity in the the neurons varied, as did their shapes, the density of their amygdaloid complex has been studied by using specific distribution, and the intensity of the staining in the anti-GABA antibodies ...
... GABA-Li material. However, the pattern and location of The distribution of GABA-like immunoreactivity in the the neurons varied, as did their shapes, the density of their amygdaloid complex has been studied by using specific distribution, and the intensity of the staining in the anti-GABA antibodies ...
VIEW PDF - Glaucoma Today
... cells, and they project into cytochrome oxidase-rich blobs in the visual cortex that are involved in processing blue/yellow chromatic information.2,3,16 Although not readily identifiable in Nissl-stained sections (Figure 1A), it is known that the koniocellular neurons in the lateral geniculate nucle ...
... cells, and they project into cytochrome oxidase-rich blobs in the visual cortex that are involved in processing blue/yellow chromatic information.2,3,16 Although not readily identifiable in Nissl-stained sections (Figure 1A), it is known that the koniocellular neurons in the lateral geniculate nucle ...
The Ventrolateral Hypothalamic Area and the Parvafox Nucleus
... locate the parvafox nucleus with the available Nisslbased maps of the LHA and to discuss what is known about its embryonic development. In the third section, the connections of the parvafox nucleus are discussed in the context of what is known concerning the connections of the LHA generally. In the ...
... locate the parvafox nucleus with the available Nisslbased maps of the LHA and to discuss what is known about its embryonic development. In the third section, the connections of the parvafox nucleus are discussed in the context of what is known concerning the connections of the LHA generally. In the ...
Anatomy of the cerebellum
The anatomy of the cerebellum can be viewed at three levels. At the level of large-scale anatomy, the cerebellum consists of a tightly folded and crumpled layer of cortex, with white matter underneath, several deep nuclei embedded in the white matter, and a fluid-filled ventricle in the middle. At the intermediate level, the cerebellum and its auxiliary structures can be decomposed into several hundred or thousand independently functioning modules or ""microzones"". At the microscopic level, each module consists of the same small set of neuronal elements, laid out with a highly stereotyped geometry.