Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Directly Activates Noradrenergic
... in a 1% Triton X-100 solution, they were incubated in avidin– biotin peroxidase complex (ABC; 1:200; Vectastain Elite kit; Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA). The peroxidase reaction product was subsequently visualized by incubating the sections in 0.022% diaminobenzidine, 0.3% NiSO4(NH4)2SO4, and ...
... in a 1% Triton X-100 solution, they were incubated in avidin– biotin peroxidase complex (ABC; 1:200; Vectastain Elite kit; Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA). The peroxidase reaction product was subsequently visualized by incubating the sections in 0.022% diaminobenzidine, 0.3% NiSO4(NH4)2SO4, and ...
The Anatomy of the Posterior Commissure
... longitudinal fascicle (ILF) and a parietooccipitotemporopontine fascicle. The anatomy of the inferior longitudinal fasciculus and its function are not totally understood. It connects the occipital lobe with the anterior temporal lobe and is reported to subserve the language semantics in parallel wit ...
... longitudinal fascicle (ILF) and a parietooccipitotemporopontine fascicle. The anatomy of the inferior longitudinal fasciculus and its function are not totally understood. It connects the occipital lobe with the anterior temporal lobe and is reported to subserve the language semantics in parallel wit ...
Dopaminergic control of the globus pallidus and its impact
... The work of my thesis is a part of integrative neurobiology and focuses on studying the control exerted by dopamine on basal ganglia (BG), especially the "external part of globus pallidus or GPe". GPe being a nucleus, which plays a key role in the control of movement by exerting an inhibitory influe ...
... The work of my thesis is a part of integrative neurobiology and focuses on studying the control exerted by dopamine on basal ganglia (BG), especially the "external part of globus pallidus or GPe". GPe being a nucleus, which plays a key role in the control of movement by exerting an inhibitory influe ...
Frequency-Dependent Recruitment of Fast Amino Acid and Slow
... was the same in slice 1 (ventral-most, 59%, n ⫽ 74) and slice 2 (dorsal-most; 60%, n ⫽ 55; Fig. 1 A, B). The precise locations of individual GnRH neurons within the rostral preoptic area (rPOA) activated by AVPV stimulation were not predictable, with GnRH neurons both near and distant to the stimula ...
... was the same in slice 1 (ventral-most, 59%, n ⫽ 74) and slice 2 (dorsal-most; 60%, n ⫽ 55; Fig. 1 A, B). The precise locations of individual GnRH neurons within the rostral preoptic area (rPOA) activated by AVPV stimulation were not predictable, with GnRH neurons both near and distant to the stimula ...
Sleep Neurobiology from a Clinical Perspective
... activity is too low, distractible and anxious if LC activity is too high, but optimally attentive and aroused with intermediate levels of activity. NE tone is clearly linked to cognition as LC neurons in monkeys fire phasically in response to a salient stimulus that signals a reward such as food, bu ...
... activity is too low, distractible and anxious if LC activity is too high, but optimally attentive and aroused with intermediate levels of activity. NE tone is clearly linked to cognition as LC neurons in monkeys fire phasically in response to a salient stimulus that signals a reward such as food, bu ...
Chapter 2 Reivew of Lierature
... 1995) which are involved in the rewarding effects of nicotine. These behavioral abnormalities develop gradually and progressively during a course of repeated exposure to a drug of abuse, and can persist for months or years after discontinuation of drug use. As a result, drug addiction can be conside ...
... 1995) which are involved in the rewarding effects of nicotine. These behavioral abnormalities develop gradually and progressively during a course of repeated exposure to a drug of abuse, and can persist for months or years after discontinuation of drug use. As a result, drug addiction can be conside ...
THALAMOAMYGDALOID CONNECTIONS STUDIED BY THE
... divergences concern only the posterior part. For this reason we briefly give the topography of the nuclei of this region (Figs. 1 and 2). In the posterior thalamic region of the rat we have distinguished the posterior nucleus, pulvinar, and the suprageniculate-lkitans nucleus. Peripeduncular nucleus ...
... divergences concern only the posterior part. For this reason we briefly give the topography of the nuclei of this region (Figs. 1 and 2). In the posterior thalamic region of the rat we have distinguished the posterior nucleus, pulvinar, and the suprageniculate-lkitans nucleus. Peripeduncular nucleus ...
5-HT Receptor Regulation of Neurotransmitter Release
... heteroreceptors are considered potential targets for appropriate 5-HT receptor ligands which, by enhancing the release of a relevant neurotransmitter, can compensate for its hypothesized deficiency in distinct brain areas. Examples for such deficiencies are the impaired release of hippocampal or neo ...
... heteroreceptors are considered potential targets for appropriate 5-HT receptor ligands which, by enhancing the release of a relevant neurotransmitter, can compensate for its hypothesized deficiency in distinct brain areas. Examples for such deficiencies are the impaired release of hippocampal or neo ...
The Olfactory System - Tim J. van Hartevelt
... (the olfactory bulb and cortex), integrated to detect and discriminate specific stimuli, and then transferred to other parts of the brain in order to reach sensory awareness and affect behavior. Similar to other sensory systems, the olfactory system is able to identify objects by its emitted odorant ...
... (the olfactory bulb and cortex), integrated to detect and discriminate specific stimuli, and then transferred to other parts of the brain in order to reach sensory awareness and affect behavior. Similar to other sensory systems, the olfactory system is able to identify objects by its emitted odorant ...
For Peer Review - diss.fu
... modulation of ascending monoamine systems in response to afferents from limbic regions and basal ganglia. The LHb is implicated in various biological functions, such as reward, sleepwake cycle, feeding, pain processing and memory formation. The modulatory role of the LHb is partly assumed by putativ ...
... modulation of ascending monoamine systems in response to afferents from limbic regions and basal ganglia. The LHb is implicated in various biological functions, such as reward, sleepwake cycle, feeding, pain processing and memory formation. The modulatory role of the LHb is partly assumed by putativ ...
indirect projections from the suprachiasmatic nucleus to major
... labeling was evaluated in regions of the mesencephalic reticular formation (P 6.72 and P 7.04), involved in arousal, and the pontine reticular formation (P 8.8 and P 9.3), involved in REM sleep generation (Steriade and McCarley, 1990). As in our previous studies (Deurveilher et al., 2002; Deurveilhe ...
... labeling was evaluated in regions of the mesencephalic reticular formation (P 6.72 and P 7.04), involved in arousal, and the pontine reticular formation (P 8.8 and P 9.3), involved in REM sleep generation (Steriade and McCarley, 1990). As in our previous studies (Deurveilher et al., 2002; Deurveilhe ...
PRESYNAPTIC IONOTROPIC RECEPTORS AND CONTROL OF
... does not depend on depolarization, as this effect was accompanied by membrane hyperpolarization12, and therefore could not be due to Na+ channel inactivation. Although these early examples of modulation of transmitter release were shown to depend on the presynaptic action of an ionotropic receptor, ...
... does not depend on depolarization, as this effect was accompanied by membrane hyperpolarization12, and therefore could not be due to Na+ channel inactivation. Although these early examples of modulation of transmitter release were shown to depend on the presynaptic action of an ionotropic receptor, ...
Electrophysiological markers of Rapid Eye Movements in
... pharmacological treatment and implanted with electrodes for potential surgical treatment (18 patients, 129 regions recorded and hundreds of units, see Methods). The dataset includes brain recordings at different scales (scalp EEG, depth EEG, LFP and single-unit recordings), which gives us the possib ...
... pharmacological treatment and implanted with electrodes for potential surgical treatment (18 patients, 129 regions recorded and hundreds of units, see Methods). The dataset includes brain recordings at different scales (scalp EEG, depth EEG, LFP and single-unit recordings), which gives us the possib ...
Reverse pharmacology of orexin
... Consistently, a postmortem study in narcoleptic subjects showed undetectable levels of orexin peptides in projection sites such as the cortex and pons and an 80–100% reduction in the number of orexin-containing neurons in the hypo- ...
... Consistently, a postmortem study in narcoleptic subjects showed undetectable levels of orexin peptides in projection sites such as the cortex and pons and an 80–100% reduction in the number of orexin-containing neurons in the hypo- ...
to eat or to sleep? orexin in the regulation of feeding and wakefulness
... consumption when given centrally but Npy-null mutant mice fail to demonstrate a significant feeding phenotype. Anorectic pathways, such as those involving alphamelanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and leptin appear to be less redundant since null mouse mutants for these factors and their receptors ...
... consumption when given centrally but Npy-null mutant mice fail to demonstrate a significant feeding phenotype. Anorectic pathways, such as those involving alphamelanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and leptin appear to be less redundant since null mouse mutants for these factors and their receptors ...
A Systematic Nomenclature for the Insect Brain
... therefore the term SEG has often been used to refer to the entire volume of the brain tissue below the level of the esophagus. Such volume should not be called ganglia, because the division does not match with the neuromeres. However, we recognize the usefulness of such definition of the volume, bec ...
... therefore the term SEG has often been used to refer to the entire volume of the brain tissue below the level of the esophagus. Such volume should not be called ganglia, because the division does not match with the neuromeres. However, we recognize the usefulness of such definition of the volume, bec ...
The Reorganization of Primary Auditory Cortex by Invasion of
... remaining afferents to the deafferented brain area is a way to compensate for the loss of excitatory drive. Sprouting can come from the perilesional area, ipsilateral subcortical or cortical areas, and/or contralateral areas. Chronic peripheral nerve injuries can cause central somatosensory neurons ...
... remaining afferents to the deafferented brain area is a way to compensate for the loss of excitatory drive. Sprouting can come from the perilesional area, ipsilateral subcortical or cortical areas, and/or contralateral areas. Chronic peripheral nerve injuries can cause central somatosensory neurons ...
The medial geniculate, not the amygdala, as the root of auditory fear
... nociceptive information to the LA .” (p. 966) [All quotations are exact; authors sometimes use “LA” rather than “AL” to refer to the lateral nucleus of the amygdala.] 3.3. Experimental support for the AMYG model The AMYG model has been presented in numerous reviews (e.g., Fanselow and LeDoux, 1999; ...
... nociceptive information to the LA .” (p. 966) [All quotations are exact; authors sometimes use “LA” rather than “AL” to refer to the lateral nucleus of the amygdala.] 3.3. Experimental support for the AMYG model The AMYG model has been presented in numerous reviews (e.g., Fanselow and LeDoux, 1999; ...
Electrophysiological and Pharmacological Evidence for the Role of
... synaptic levels of dopamine will prevail in the NAS in a behavioral context of an animal self-administering cocaine. On anatomical and physiological grounds, the NAS has been hypothesized to exert a “filtering” or “gating” function on its limbic afferents, and to initiate or modulate goal-directed b ...
... synaptic levels of dopamine will prevail in the NAS in a behavioral context of an animal self-administering cocaine. On anatomical and physiological grounds, the NAS has been hypothesized to exert a “filtering” or “gating” function on its limbic afferents, and to initiate or modulate goal-directed b ...
Cortisol modifies extinction learning of recently acquired fear in men
... The CS was never paired with the UCS, the UCS omission 7.9 s after CS onset was defined as non-UCS. No electrical stimulation was given during the extinction phase. Between the CS, a black screen was shown lasting between 9.5 and 12 s (randomly jittered inter-trial interval). For both sessions, a ...
... The CS was never paired with the UCS, the UCS omission 7.9 s after CS onset was defined as non-UCS. No electrical stimulation was given during the extinction phase. Between the CS, a black screen was shown lasting between 9.5 and 12 s (randomly jittered inter-trial interval). For both sessions, a ...
Here follows a list of recently published papers
... http://t.co/avwjFHZA7z Deficiency of prion protein: impaired autophagic flux in neurons http://bit.ly/1mFLiM3 CA3 size predicts the precision of memory recall http://bit.ly/1mukcG9 " A Role for Tac2, NkB, and Nk3 Receptor in Normal and Dysregulated Fear Memory Consolidation http://www.cell.com/neuro ...
... http://t.co/avwjFHZA7z Deficiency of prion protein: impaired autophagic flux in neurons http://bit.ly/1mFLiM3 CA3 size predicts the precision of memory recall http://bit.ly/1mukcG9 " A Role for Tac2, NkB, and Nk3 Receptor in Normal and Dysregulated Fear Memory Consolidation http://www.cell.com/neuro ...
PDF - Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
... significantly promote functional recovery from SCIinduced motor dysfunction in rats, and this neuroprotective effect may be related to the upregulation of GDNF. SCI treatments with GDNF and Schwann cells have been widely reported，and have concluded that GDNF-enhanced propriospinal axonal regeneratio ...
... significantly promote functional recovery from SCIinduced motor dysfunction in rats, and this neuroprotective effect may be related to the upregulation of GDNF. SCI treatments with GDNF and Schwann cells have been widely reported，and have concluded that GDNF-enhanced propriospinal axonal regeneratio ...
Article - Perelman School of Medicine at the University of
... therefore, has a characteristic combinatorial expression of the transcription factors SOX5, CTIP2, and TBR1: (1) SP neurons express an intermediate level of SOX5, a high level of TBR1, and a low level of CTIP2; (2) CTh neurons in layer VI strongly express SOX5 and TBR1 and little CTIP2; and (3) subc ...
... therefore, has a characteristic combinatorial expression of the transcription factors SOX5, CTIP2, and TBR1: (1) SP neurons express an intermediate level of SOX5, a high level of TBR1, and a low level of CTIP2; (2) CTh neurons in layer VI strongly express SOX5 and TBR1 and little CTIP2; and (3) subc ...