Supplementary Materials ANTICIPATION PHASE Neutral vs. gain
... To investigate areas of decreased activity during reward anticipation, we also examined the reverse contrast (neutral cues contrasted with gain cues). This yielded predictable activations in areas related to the default mode network (DMN) [40], including bilateral middle frontal gyrus, superior fron ...
... To investigate areas of decreased activity during reward anticipation, we also examined the reverse contrast (neutral cues contrasted with gain cues). This yielded predictable activations in areas related to the default mode network (DMN) [40], including bilateral middle frontal gyrus, superior fron ...
Fixed mindset
... Use self-motivating statements such as ‘ the harder it gets the harder I try’. When faced with tests which are impossible to pass they will factor in other reasons and not blame their intellect i.e. this test was beyond my ability for now. ...
... Use self-motivating statements such as ‘ the harder it gets the harder I try’. When faced with tests which are impossible to pass they will factor in other reasons and not blame their intellect i.e. this test was beyond my ability for now. ...
Brain Receptor Imaging - Society of Nuclear Medicine
... volumes of distribution can be obtained, typically by simple measurement of tissue activity Cb in target and reference region. Ideally, the 2 regions are different with respect to bound tracer Cb, but both contain the same activity of free tracer Cf. The modified binding potential (BP9) is related t ...
... volumes of distribution can be obtained, typically by simple measurement of tissue activity Cb in target and reference region. Ideally, the 2 regions are different with respect to bound tracer Cb, but both contain the same activity of free tracer Cf. The modified binding potential (BP9) is related t ...
PowerPoint presentation about mindsets
... Use self-motivating statements such as ‘ the harder it gets the harder I try’. When faced with tests which are impossible to pass they will factor in other reasons and not blame their intellect i.e. this test was beyond my ability for now. ...
... Use self-motivating statements such as ‘ the harder it gets the harder I try’. When faced with tests which are impossible to pass they will factor in other reasons and not blame their intellect i.e. this test was beyond my ability for now. ...
Approach to Coma
... and hemorrhage, but if it is pronounced, it usually signifies brain tumor or abscess (lesion of longer duration) Increased ICP produces coma by impeding global cerebral blood flow. High pressure within one compartment produces shifts of central structures and a series of "false localizing" signs d ...
... and hemorrhage, but if it is pronounced, it usually signifies brain tumor or abscess (lesion of longer duration) Increased ICP produces coma by impeding global cerebral blood flow. High pressure within one compartment produces shifts of central structures and a series of "false localizing" signs d ...
A quantitative theory of neural computation Cambridge, MA 02138
... The classical model of vision in cortex is as a hierarchy. As one ascends it the complexity of the items represented by a neuron increases, as does their invariance to size, translation, etc. We hypothesize that the higher levels of the vision hierarchy require the capabilities of some form of hiera ...
... The classical model of vision in cortex is as a hierarchy. As one ascends it the complexity of the items represented by a neuron increases, as does their invariance to size, translation, etc. We hypothesize that the higher levels of the vision hierarchy require the capabilities of some form of hiera ...
Magnetic resonance imaging indicators of blood
... Thomas and coworkers [35]. It consists of a drivenequilibrium Fourier transform (DEFT) sequence with a pair of diffusion-sensitizing gradients around the 180° refocusing RF pulse followed by the TurboFLASH imaging sequence. Linear phase encoding was used with the central line of k-space shifted to t ...
... Thomas and coworkers [35]. It consists of a drivenequilibrium Fourier transform (DEFT) sequence with a pair of diffusion-sensitizing gradients around the 180° refocusing RF pulse followed by the TurboFLASH imaging sequence. Linear phase encoding was used with the central line of k-space shifted to t ...
Role of kallikrein enzymes in the central nervous system
... that it is involved in hippocampal plasticity. Intraventricular injection of neuropsin monoclonal antibodies was shown to reduce the epileptic pattern and inhibit the progression of kindling [58]. In addition, electrical stimulation to hippocampus or amygdala was generated to alterative expression o ...
... that it is involved in hippocampal plasticity. Intraventricular injection of neuropsin monoclonal antibodies was shown to reduce the epileptic pattern and inhibit the progression of kindling [58]. In addition, electrical stimulation to hippocampus or amygdala was generated to alterative expression o ...
How cognitive theory guides neuroscience
... and retain complex motor skills, all while having no explicit memory of ever having performed these tasks. These results provided the strongest evidence to that time for the existence of multiple memory systems. However, these early investigations arose in a prevailing context of cognitive theory th ...
... and retain complex motor skills, all while having no explicit memory of ever having performed these tasks. These results provided the strongest evidence to that time for the existence of multiple memory systems. However, these early investigations arose in a prevailing context of cognitive theory th ...
Decoding the Contents of Visual Short
... for each time point to identify brain regions that carry spatially distributed information about the identity of the remembered sample. For this, we used a searchlight approach (Kriegeskorte et al., 2006; Haynes et al., 2007), which examines the information in small spherical voxel clusters at each ...
... for each time point to identify brain regions that carry spatially distributed information about the identity of the remembered sample. For this, we used a searchlight approach (Kriegeskorte et al., 2006; Haynes et al., 2007), which examines the information in small spherical voxel clusters at each ...
Making Sense of Internal Logic: Theory and a Case Study
... meaningful cognitive experiment. As one candidate for such an experiment, we considered the type recently carried out by Sakagami and Niki [4] and Sakagami and Tsutsui [5]. They performed a set of experiments investigating multidimensional visual discrimination tasks with monkeys. In these experimen ...
... meaningful cognitive experiment. As one candidate for such an experiment, we considered the type recently carried out by Sakagami and Niki [4] and Sakagami and Tsutsui [5]. They performed a set of experiments investigating multidimensional visual discrimination tasks with monkeys. In these experimen ...
When Is an Adolescent an Adult? - Waisman Laboratory for Brain
... New York City and Los Angeles. The results showed diminished cognitive performance under brief and prolonged negative emotional arousal in 18- to 21-year-olds relative to adults over 21. This reduction in performance was paralleled by decreased activity in fronto-parietal circuitry, implicated in co ...
... New York City and Los Angeles. The results showed diminished cognitive performance under brief and prolonged negative emotional arousal in 18- to 21-year-olds relative to adults over 21. This reduction in performance was paralleled by decreased activity in fronto-parietal circuitry, implicated in co ...
Prediction in Human Decision Making
... because of the established evidences on existing many common aspects between them [15-26]. The development of biologically inspired models could have many advantages in studying cognitive functions of the brain as they do not have the same limitations as the study of real subjects do. One of the imp ...
... because of the established evidences on existing many common aspects between them [15-26]. The development of biologically inspired models could have many advantages in studying cognitive functions of the brain as they do not have the same limitations as the study of real subjects do. One of the imp ...
clinical assessment of dementia
... Brain imaging is helpful to address specific issues or distinguish between different types of dementia. Persons with severe cortical atrophy and ventriculomegally almost always suffer from dementia; however, some individuals with sever dementia have normal CT or MRI scans. CAT scans will exclude str ...
... Brain imaging is helpful to address specific issues or distinguish between different types of dementia. Persons with severe cortical atrophy and ventriculomegally almost always suffer from dementia; however, some individuals with sever dementia have normal CT or MRI scans. CAT scans will exclude str ...
Neuroanatomy I
... the cerebral cortex, thalamus, and brainstem, as well as several other brain areas. The basal ganglia are associated with a variety of functions including: control of voluntary ...
... the cerebral cortex, thalamus, and brainstem, as well as several other brain areas. The basal ganglia are associated with a variety of functions including: control of voluntary ...
RELATING BEHAVIOR AND NEUROSCIENCE: INTRODUCTION
... pollutants on learning and behavior. In short, there is considerable evidence for the existence of independent sciences of behavior and of neurobiology, and there is research that combines aspects of both. What is missing is the broad conceptual integration that Skinner began pointing toward in 1938 ...
... pollutants on learning and behavior. In short, there is considerable evidence for the existence of independent sciences of behavior and of neurobiology, and there is research that combines aspects of both. What is missing is the broad conceptual integration that Skinner began pointing toward in 1938 ...
Keshara Senanayake Page # 1 -an individual nerve cells is called
... >gray matter is surrounded by white matter --> containing myelin-coated axons of neurons that extend up or down the spinal cord >these axons carry sensory signals from internal organs/muscles/skin to the brain >axons also extend downward from the brain, carrying signals that direct the motor portion ...
... >gray matter is surrounded by white matter --> containing myelin-coated axons of neurons that extend up or down the spinal cord >these axons carry sensory signals from internal organs/muscles/skin to the brain >axons also extend downward from the brain, carrying signals that direct the motor portion ...
The Nervous System
... Starts at the dendrite, travels to cell body or soma, down the axon and then the axon terminal. Then a neurotransmitter will carry the impulse across the synapse ...
... Starts at the dendrite, travels to cell body or soma, down the axon and then the axon terminal. Then a neurotransmitter will carry the impulse across the synapse ...
How Does the Brain Sense Osmolality?
... the detrimental effects of cell swelling or shrinkage on cellular functions. However, if osmoreceptors displayed volume-regulatory increases or decreases in response to changes in extracellular tonicity, this would not allow for an absolute plasma osmolality around which body fluid homeostasis is ma ...
... the detrimental effects of cell swelling or shrinkage on cellular functions. However, if osmoreceptors displayed volume-regulatory increases or decreases in response to changes in extracellular tonicity, this would not allow for an absolute plasma osmolality around which body fluid homeostasis is ma ...
Genetic control of age-related gene expression and complex traits in
... In other cases, well-established disease-associated variants were also teQTLs. For example, a teQTL for MAPT replicated across the primary and secondary data sets (p ≤ 0.05 in each; risk allele has higher expression early in life) and is a genome-wide significant GWAS hit for progressive supranuclea ...
... In other cases, well-established disease-associated variants were also teQTLs. For example, a teQTL for MAPT replicated across the primary and secondary data sets (p ≤ 0.05 in each; risk allele has higher expression early in life) and is a genome-wide significant GWAS hit for progressive supranuclea ...
The Brain: Implications for Teaching and Learning
... overwhelming amount of sensory input it is receiving all the time. Luckily, much of this work is accomplished on auto-pilot as the brain goes about its work of stimuli management and information processing and storage. Thinking activities, however, demand conscious attention from the brain. We do no ...
... overwhelming amount of sensory input it is receiving all the time. Luckily, much of this work is accomplished on auto-pilot as the brain goes about its work of stimuli management and information processing and storage. Thinking activities, however, demand conscious attention from the brain. We do no ...
Brain Uncoupling Protein 2: Uncoupled Neuronal Mitochondria
... (Boss et al., 1998; Gura, 1998). In most eukaryotic cells, energy dissipation occurs, in part, by uncoupling the metabolic chain from oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria, thereby, dissipating energy in the form of heat (Nicholls and Locke, 1984; Laloi et al., 1997; Boss et al., 1998; Samec ...
... (Boss et al., 1998; Gura, 1998). In most eukaryotic cells, energy dissipation occurs, in part, by uncoupling the metabolic chain from oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria, thereby, dissipating energy in the form of heat (Nicholls and Locke, 1984; Laloi et al., 1997; Boss et al., 1998; Samec ...
Cranial Nerves
... • The left hemisphere is dominant in most individuals • Dominant hemisphere controls • speech • writing • reading • verbal skills • analytical skills • computational skills ...
... • The left hemisphere is dominant in most individuals • Dominant hemisphere controls • speech • writing • reading • verbal skills • analytical skills • computational skills ...