Learning, Reward and Decision-Making
... in a range of brain regions, including the amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), and ventral and dorsal striatum, as well as in a number of other brain areas such as parietal, premotor and dorsal frontal areas. We will revisit these signals in more detail late ...
... in a range of brain regions, including the amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), and ventral and dorsal striatum, as well as in a number of other brain areas such as parietal, premotor and dorsal frontal areas. We will revisit these signals in more detail late ...
- Wiley Online Library
... man insular cortex, which fits with considerable evidence (e.g., Ref. 22), and that subjective feelings are based directly on homeostatic sensory integration, which is consistent with the James-Lange theory of emotion and the “somatic marker” hypothesis.23,24 To my mind, this pattern also suggests t ...
... man insular cortex, which fits with considerable evidence (e.g., Ref. 22), and that subjective feelings are based directly on homeostatic sensory integration, which is consistent with the James-Lange theory of emotion and the “somatic marker” hypothesis.23,24 To my mind, this pattern also suggests t ...
The Nervous system
... TAKES LONGER FOR THE PAIN IMPULSE TO REACH BRAIN AND BE INTERPRETED THEN IT DOES FOR THE REFLEX ACTION TO OCCUR ...
... TAKES LONGER FOR THE PAIN IMPULSE TO REACH BRAIN AND BE INTERPRETED THEN IT DOES FOR THE REFLEX ACTION TO OCCUR ...
What is a Brain State
... has articulated a theoretical account of what one is. In fact this issue has received almost no attention and cognitive scientists still use meaningless phrases like ‘C-Fiber Firing’ and ‘Neuronal Activity’ when theorizing about the relation of the mind to the brain. Though the issue first arose in ...
... has articulated a theoretical account of what one is. In fact this issue has received almost no attention and cognitive scientists still use meaningless phrases like ‘C-Fiber Firing’ and ‘Neuronal Activity’ when theorizing about the relation of the mind to the brain. Though the issue first arose in ...
Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience
... As brain studies can be difficult, time-consuming, and labor intensive, it is not always possible to study a large number of species, and one must concentrate on the most informative species. The brains of all living mammals contain mixtures of ancestral and derived features, and comparative studies ...
... As brain studies can be difficult, time-consuming, and labor intensive, it is not always possible to study a large number of species, and one must concentrate on the most informative species. The brains of all living mammals contain mixtures of ancestral and derived features, and comparative studies ...
The Special Senses
... A condition characterized either by increased intraocular pressure- "high blood pressure of the eye" -that can result in damage to the optic nerve and to retinal nerve fibers, or by significant decreased intraocular pressure. ...
... A condition characterized either by increased intraocular pressure- "high blood pressure of the eye" -that can result in damage to the optic nerve and to retinal nerve fibers, or by significant decreased intraocular pressure. ...
File
... signals rapidly and precisely to other cells. They send these signals in the form of electrochemical waves traveling along thin fibers called axons, which cause chemicals called neurotransmitters to be released at junctions called synapses. A cell that receives a synaptic signal from a neuron may be ...
... signals rapidly and precisely to other cells. They send these signals in the form of electrochemical waves traveling along thin fibers called axons, which cause chemicals called neurotransmitters to be released at junctions called synapses. A cell that receives a synaptic signal from a neuron may be ...
PDF
... Incorporating what is known about the tri-cellular metabolism of NAA and NAAG, along with its role in the brain’s physiological operation that couples neuronal activity with the energy required to maintain the ability of neurons to function at all levels of stimulation, it is possible to reflect on ...
... Incorporating what is known about the tri-cellular metabolism of NAA and NAAG, along with its role in the brain’s physiological operation that couples neuronal activity with the energy required to maintain the ability of neurons to function at all levels of stimulation, it is possible to reflect on ...
Chapter 14: Brain Control of Movement
... The Contributions of Posterior Parietal and Prefrontal Cortex (Cont’d) Anterior frontal lobes: Abstract thought, decision making and anticipating consequences of action Area 6: Actions converted into signals specifying how actions will be performed Per Roland Monitored cortical activation accompany ...
... The Contributions of Posterior Parietal and Prefrontal Cortex (Cont’d) Anterior frontal lobes: Abstract thought, decision making and anticipating consequences of action Area 6: Actions converted into signals specifying how actions will be performed Per Roland Monitored cortical activation accompany ...
Structure–function relationship of working memory activity with
... MFG, and IFG, respectively), and the volume of the thalamus and hippocampus. Volumes of the MFG and IFG were included because dorso- and ventro-lateral prefrontal cortex is a critical component of the working memory system. The thalamus is also an important component of the working memory system (Mi ...
... MFG, and IFG, respectively), and the volume of the thalamus and hippocampus. Volumes of the MFG and IFG were included because dorso- and ventro-lateral prefrontal cortex is a critical component of the working memory system. The thalamus is also an important component of the working memory system (Mi ...
Understanding Structural-Functional Relationships in the Human
... SC-FC correlations across the cerebral cortex. For example, Koch and others (2002) compared white matter SC with R-fMRI FC within a single axial slice of the human brain and reported that the regions that are linked by dense SC tend to also be strongly connected functionally. These authors also show ...
... SC-FC correlations across the cerebral cortex. For example, Koch and others (2002) compared white matter SC with R-fMRI FC within a single axial slice of the human brain and reported that the regions that are linked by dense SC tend to also be strongly connected functionally. These authors also show ...
Overview of the Reticular Formation (RF)
... within these groups play a role in modulating our level of arousal, sleep, learning, memory, cognition, locomotion and pain, by altering cell properties (e.g. excitation). The cerebral cortex also affects our level of alertness via projections to these neurons, as can real or imaginary mental imager ...
... within these groups play a role in modulating our level of arousal, sleep, learning, memory, cognition, locomotion and pain, by altering cell properties (e.g. excitation). The cerebral cortex also affects our level of alertness via projections to these neurons, as can real or imaginary mental imager ...
Brain Basis of Samadhi - The New School Psychology Bulletin
... introspective task would show preferential activation of this same network is therefore not surprising; likewise for an unchallenging sensorimotor task that leaves the mind free to wander. In the sensory categorization conditions, however, and to a greater degree in the challenging, fast condition, ...
... introspective task would show preferential activation of this same network is therefore not surprising; likewise for an unchallenging sensorimotor task that leaves the mind free to wander. In the sensory categorization conditions, however, and to a greater degree in the challenging, fast condition, ...
Broca`s Area in Language, Action, and Music
... verbally posed question. It is therefore possible that these patients may also have had trouble in performing the task because of its linguistic nature. Moreover, it is often unclear whether this relationship between aphasia and gesture recognition deficits is due to a Broca’s area lesion only or if ...
... verbally posed question. It is therefore possible that these patients may also have had trouble in performing the task because of its linguistic nature. Moreover, it is often unclear whether this relationship between aphasia and gesture recognition deficits is due to a Broca’s area lesion only or if ...
neuron
... • myelin sheath: layer of fatty tissue that insulates the axon and helps speed up message transmission – multiple sclerosis: deterioration of myelin leads to slowed communication with muscles and impaired sensation in limbs ...
... • myelin sheath: layer of fatty tissue that insulates the axon and helps speed up message transmission – multiple sclerosis: deterioration of myelin leads to slowed communication with muscles and impaired sensation in limbs ...
talk session i - Stanford Memory Laboratory
... It has long been proposed that retrieval and encoding operations may occur within a single memory test, with successfully recollected (episodic retrieval) and unstudied (‘new’) items (encoding of novel information) both engaging the medial temporal lobe (MTL), such that the contrast between these it ...
... It has long been proposed that retrieval and encoding operations may occur within a single memory test, with successfully recollected (episodic retrieval) and unstudied (‘new’) items (encoding of novel information) both engaging the medial temporal lobe (MTL), such that the contrast between these it ...
A non-invasive method to relate the timing of neural activity to white
... Fig. 4. Regions showing significant FA-latency correlations with scatter plots. Statistical maps are displayed at p ≤ 0.001 on horizontal slices of an MNI-normalized representative T1 volume. (a–d) Scatter plots of FA and MEG latency with regression lines and R-squared values for bilateral parietal, ...
... Fig. 4. Regions showing significant FA-latency correlations with scatter plots. Statistical maps are displayed at p ≤ 0.001 on horizontal slices of an MNI-normalized representative T1 volume. (a–d) Scatter plots of FA and MEG latency with regression lines and R-squared values for bilateral parietal, ...
What is a Seizure?
... What causes epilepsy? In about 70% of people with epilepsy, the cause is not ...
... What causes epilepsy? In about 70% of people with epilepsy, the cause is not ...
Page SCH 23390 SCH 23390 is a synthetic compound that
... These results suggest that D1 receptor densities in different pathways are not regulated independently in younger adults, but segregate in older age, and that this segregation of D1 receptor systems may be related to age-related cognitive slowing. ...
... These results suggest that D1 receptor densities in different pathways are not regulated independently in younger adults, but segregate in older age, and that this segregation of D1 receptor systems may be related to age-related cognitive slowing. ...
Brainstem and Cranial Nerves 3
... Peduncles are ‘stalk-like’ connecting structures joining up parts of the brain There are three pairs of cerebellar peduncles linking the pons to the cerebellum o The small inferior cerebellar peduncles arise infero-medially in the caudal pons o The large middle cerebellar peduncles laterally span th ...
... Peduncles are ‘stalk-like’ connecting structures joining up parts of the brain There are three pairs of cerebellar peduncles linking the pons to the cerebellum o The small inferior cerebellar peduncles arise infero-medially in the caudal pons o The large middle cerebellar peduncles laterally span th ...
handout
... and mediate fast transmission in the CNS via iR. In general, although not always (during development), GABA is inhibitory whereas glutamate is excitatory on post synaptic neurons. A) L-Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian CNS, acting through both ligand gated ion chann ...
... and mediate fast transmission in the CNS via iR. In general, although not always (during development), GABA is inhibitory whereas glutamate is excitatory on post synaptic neurons. A) L-Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian CNS, acting through both ligand gated ion chann ...
Separate neural subsystems within `Wernicke`s area`
... perception have drawn attention to the role of lateral auditory projections in speech processing (Binder et al., 1996, 2000; Belin et al., 2000). The authors of these studies concluded that analysis of the complex acoustic features of the human voice is dependent on neurons within the superior tempo ...
... perception have drawn attention to the role of lateral auditory projections in speech processing (Binder et al., 1996, 2000; Belin et al., 2000). The authors of these studies concluded that analysis of the complex acoustic features of the human voice is dependent on neurons within the superior tempo ...
Multiple Representation in Primate SI
... (1981) have described the segregation of RA, SA, and PC responses in the VPL and VPI. Jones and colleagues (1982) have suggested that ‘‘rods’’ of topography and modality‐specific cells project to similar modality‐specific bands in Area 3b, and perhaps Area 1. Connections between Areas 3b and 1 are t ...
... (1981) have described the segregation of RA, SA, and PC responses in the VPL and VPI. Jones and colleagues (1982) have suggested that ‘‘rods’’ of topography and modality‐specific cells project to similar modality‐specific bands in Area 3b, and perhaps Area 1. Connections between Areas 3b and 1 are t ...