Neuronal Differentiation in The Cerebral Cortex of
... the processes of production and migration (6). In general, proliferation and migration occur during prenatal life, so the maturation time has not yet been definitely identified. In our study, the beginning of differentiation was seen on the 15th prenatal day. The observation of the first cell proces ...
... the processes of production and migration (6). In general, proliferation and migration occur during prenatal life, so the maturation time has not yet been definitely identified. In our study, the beginning of differentiation was seen on the 15th prenatal day. The observation of the first cell proces ...
The mind-body problem
... “I divide the nervous system into two types of neurons, those concerned with consciousness, “C” neurons, and those which take care of unconscious functions, “U” neurons (the use of the word “neuron” in this context is shorthand for “otherwise unspecified subpart of the brain”). The goal of anesthesi ...
... “I divide the nervous system into two types of neurons, those concerned with consciousness, “C” neurons, and those which take care of unconscious functions, “U” neurons (the use of the word “neuron” in this context is shorthand for “otherwise unspecified subpart of the brain”). The goal of anesthesi ...
The mind-body problem - BECS / CoE in
... “I divide the nervous system into two types of neurons, those concerned with consciousness, “C” neurons, and those which take care of unconscious functions, “U” neurons (the use of the word “neuron” in this context is shorthand for “otherwise unspecified subpart of the brain”). The goal of anesthesi ...
... “I divide the nervous system into two types of neurons, those concerned with consciousness, “C” neurons, and those which take care of unconscious functions, “U” neurons (the use of the word “neuron” in this context is shorthand for “otherwise unspecified subpart of the brain”). The goal of anesthesi ...
2605_lect9
... Neural Mechanisms of Autism Understanding of brain structures involved in autism is still limited, so far implicated: • Cerebellum • Amygdala • Frontal cortex Two lines of research on cortical involvement in autism: • Abnormal response to faces in autistic patients – Spend less time than non-autist ...
... Neural Mechanisms of Autism Understanding of brain structures involved in autism is still limited, so far implicated: • Cerebellum • Amygdala • Frontal cortex Two lines of research on cortical involvement in autism: • Abnormal response to faces in autistic patients – Spend less time than non-autist ...
The neural circuitry necessary for decision making by
... making single neurons can integrate the sensory evidence in favour of a particular response. Mathematical models can describe the dynamics of this evidence accumulation process (Ratcliff et al, 2003; Reddi & Carpenter, 2000) and promise to connect the behavioural and the neurophysiological levels of ...
... making single neurons can integrate the sensory evidence in favour of a particular response. Mathematical models can describe the dynamics of this evidence accumulation process (Ratcliff et al, 2003; Reddi & Carpenter, 2000) and promise to connect the behavioural and the neurophysiological levels of ...
Interactions between Motivation, Emotion and Attention: From
... The size of the cortical code for a stimulus increases with repeated presentation to allow a larger set of cells in cortex to be tuned to the specific properties of the stimulus. This effect is enhanced if the presentation is combined with an emotional reaction. Weinberger (1995) has shown that the ...
... The size of the cortical code for a stimulus increases with repeated presentation to allow a larger set of cells in cortex to be tuned to the specific properties of the stimulus. This effect is enhanced if the presentation is combined with an emotional reaction. Weinberger (1995) has shown that the ...
Interactions between Motivation, Emotion and Attention: From
... The size of the cortical code for a stimulus increases with repeated presentation to allow a larger set of cells in cortex to be tuned to the specific properties of the stimulus. This effect is enhanced if the presentation is combined with an emotional reaction. Weinberger (1995) has shown that the ...
... The size of the cortical code for a stimulus increases with repeated presentation to allow a larger set of cells in cortex to be tuned to the specific properties of the stimulus. This effect is enhanced if the presentation is combined with an emotional reaction. Weinberger (1995) has shown that the ...
Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging: Technique review and Models
... 1.2.2. High spatial resolution for brain mapping One domain of application of the VSDI, as other brain functional imaging, is brain mapping. Indeed, VSDI allows to build high-resolution functional maps, such as orientation or ocular-dominance maps (Shoham et al. (1999); Grinvald et al. (1999); Slovi ...
... 1.2.2. High spatial resolution for brain mapping One domain of application of the VSDI, as other brain functional imaging, is brain mapping. Indeed, VSDI allows to build high-resolution functional maps, such as orientation or ocular-dominance maps (Shoham et al. (1999); Grinvald et al. (1999); Slovi ...
A cellular mechanism for cortical associations: an organizing
... The cortex remains an enigmatic structure, at once beautifully simple and yet mysterious. After more than a century of concerted investigation, both the purpose and operating principles of the cerebral cortex are hotly debated [1–4]. It is still deeply puzzling how neurons in different regions, some ...
... The cortex remains an enigmatic structure, at once beautifully simple and yet mysterious. After more than a century of concerted investigation, both the purpose and operating principles of the cerebral cortex are hotly debated [1–4]. It is still deeply puzzling how neurons in different regions, some ...
Prenatal and postnatal development of laterally
... chosen to match retinal waves, which are the best-characterized source of spontaneous activity in early development. However, they can also represent any other spontaneous activity that includes large patches that are spatially coherent. The patterns consisted of uniform random noise added to a larg ...
... chosen to match retinal waves, which are the best-characterized source of spontaneous activity in early development. However, they can also represent any other spontaneous activity that includes large patches that are spatially coherent. The patterns consisted of uniform random noise added to a larg ...
Sensory uncertainty decoded from visual cortex
... Using fMRI in combination with a generative model-based analysis, we found that probability distributions reflecting sensory uncertainty could reliably be estimated from human visual cortex and, moreover, that observers appeared to use knowledge of this uncertainty in their perceptual decisions. The ...
... Using fMRI in combination with a generative model-based analysis, we found that probability distributions reflecting sensory uncertainty could reliably be estimated from human visual cortex and, moreover, that observers appeared to use knowledge of this uncertainty in their perceptual decisions. The ...
Motor disorders
... (actual vs. intended movement) and makes the appropriate corrections during movements. Another idea is that it can alter muscle spindle sensitivity by changing gamma motor neuron drive, which would alter reflex gains. Damage could impair this control and ultimately result in tremor. Lateral zone (po ...
... (actual vs. intended movement) and makes the appropriate corrections during movements. Another idea is that it can alter muscle spindle sensitivity by changing gamma motor neuron drive, which would alter reflex gains. Damage could impair this control and ultimately result in tremor. Lateral zone (po ...
Ajna Light Theory and Science Guy Harriman June 2015 The Ajna
... ipRGCs are a novel mammalian photoreceptor whose morphological and physiological characteristics seem well suited for their primary role as light detectors for non-image forming visual reflexes. However, many mysteries remain, and an untold number of functions for this rare and special type of gangl ...
... ipRGCs are a novel mammalian photoreceptor whose morphological and physiological characteristics seem well suited for their primary role as light detectors for non-image forming visual reflexes. However, many mysteries remain, and an untold number of functions for this rare and special type of gangl ...
Sarah Wen - Matthew Lombard
... as a point of consciousness in the brain gazing through the eyes out into the world” (Saltz, p. 71). Based on this, Saltz hoped that a person could use his brain to control a robotic body out in a mission while his physical body is centered somewhere else. Then the robotic body could send any sensor ...
... as a point of consciousness in the brain gazing through the eyes out into the world” (Saltz, p. 71). Based on this, Saltz hoped that a person could use his brain to control a robotic body out in a mission while his physical body is centered somewhere else. Then the robotic body could send any sensor ...
development brain section anatomy gross anatomy
... secretes more meltonin during dark antigonadotropin effect receives information from retina (through a very indirect route) landmark - calcification shifted position to side may indicate growing mass ...
... secretes more meltonin during dark antigonadotropin effect receives information from retina (through a very indirect route) landmark - calcification shifted position to side may indicate growing mass ...
David Hunter Hubel. 27 February 1926 — 22 September 2013
... when Mike suggested placing wires in the cortex of cats and recording from them while they were awake. The attempt was a failure, but the idea captured David’s imagination. He began developing techniques for recording from animals while they were awake. He first developed a tough tungsten microelect ...
... when Mike suggested placing wires in the cortex of cats and recording from them while they were awake. The attempt was a failure, but the idea captured David’s imagination. He began developing techniques for recording from animals while they were awake. He first developed a tough tungsten microelect ...
Neural ensemble coding and statistical periodicity: Speculations on
... at play. What do these tasks have in common? They all require that the nervous system rapidly acquire, encode, transmit, decode, and act on the ever-evolving information presented to it. Indeed neuro-physiological and neuro-psychological evidence indicates that by 70 – 80 ms after light-induced neur ...
... at play. What do these tasks have in common? They all require that the nervous system rapidly acquire, encode, transmit, decode, and act on the ever-evolving information presented to it. Indeed neuro-physiological and neuro-psychological evidence indicates that by 70 – 80 ms after light-induced neur ...
MIRROR NEURONS AND ART
... by ‘audiovisual mirror neurons’ situated in the ventral premotor cortex of the monkey, instantiates properties that are strikingly similar to the symbolic properties so characteristic of human thought. The similarity with conceptual content is quite appealing: the same conceptual content (‘the goal ...
... by ‘audiovisual mirror neurons’ situated in the ventral premotor cortex of the monkey, instantiates properties that are strikingly similar to the symbolic properties so characteristic of human thought. The similarity with conceptual content is quite appealing: the same conceptual content (‘the goal ...
Mechanisms of neural specification from embryonic stem cells
... On the basis of their unique self-renewal and pluripotency properties [1], ES cells have long attracted attention not only as a potential source of cells of defined identity for the development of cell therapy and pharmaceutical screens, but also more recently to provide reductionist models of mamma ...
... On the basis of their unique self-renewal and pluripotency properties [1], ES cells have long attracted attention not only as a potential source of cells of defined identity for the development of cell therapy and pharmaceutical screens, but also more recently to provide reductionist models of mamma ...
brain anatomy - Sinoe Medical Association
... hemispheres. Each of these hemispheres has an outer layer of grey matter called the cerebral cortex that is supported by an inner layer of white matter. • The hemispheres are linked by the corpus callosum, a very large bundle of nerve fibers, and also by other smaller commissures, including the ante ...
... hemispheres. Each of these hemispheres has an outer layer of grey matter called the cerebral cortex that is supported by an inner layer of white matter. • The hemispheres are linked by the corpus callosum, a very large bundle of nerve fibers, and also by other smaller commissures, including the ante ...
Trichromatic theory of color vision
... required to sense that a change in stimulation has occurred. It is the minimum change in stimulation required to detect the difference between two stimuli, so it is also called the “just noticeable difference” (Nittrouer & Lowenstein, 2007). • The stimulus value that constitutes a just noticeable di ...
... required to sense that a change in stimulation has occurred. It is the minimum change in stimulation required to detect the difference between two stimuli, so it is also called the “just noticeable difference” (Nittrouer & Lowenstein, 2007). • The stimulus value that constitutes a just noticeable di ...
Practice Questions for Neuro Anatomy Exam 1 Which of the
... signal is descending from CNS to the body? a. Ventral root b. Dorsal root c. Afferent ...
... signal is descending from CNS to the body? a. Ventral root b. Dorsal root c. Afferent ...
Malcolm Gladwell`s "blink" and researching the subconscious
... whereas the constructed self is more likely to influence people's deliberative, explicit responses." What this means for marketers and researchers is that we need to know the subconscious (“adaptive unconscious") personality traits in order to predict behavior. Can we rely on any information from th ...
... whereas the constructed self is more likely to influence people's deliberative, explicit responses." What this means for marketers and researchers is that we need to know the subconscious (“adaptive unconscious") personality traits in order to predict behavior. Can we rely on any information from th ...
Pointing the way toward target selection
... pointer neurons (Fig. 1). This can bias the network so that weaker inputs located in regions where attention is focused can determine the location represented by the hill of activity, even if stronger inputs are present elsewhere (Fig. 2b). This corresponds to choosing a general region of interest a ...
... pointer neurons (Fig. 1). This can bias the network so that weaker inputs located in regions where attention is focused can determine the location represented by the hill of activity, even if stronger inputs are present elsewhere (Fig. 2b). This corresponds to choosing a general region of interest a ...
CASE 47
... The motor loop comprises two parallel pathways that travel from the cortex through the basal ganglia and then to the thalamus and back to the cortex (Figure 47-1). Each branch has an opposite effect on thalamic targets. The direct pathway goes through the caudate and putamen (which together form the ...
... The motor loop comprises two parallel pathways that travel from the cortex through the basal ganglia and then to the thalamus and back to the cortex (Figure 47-1). Each branch has an opposite effect on thalamic targets. The direct pathway goes through the caudate and putamen (which together form the ...
Neural correlates of consciousness
The neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) constitute the minimal set of neuronal events and mechanisms sufficient for a specific conscious percept. Neuroscientists use empirical approaches to discover neural correlates of subjective phenomena. The set should be minimal because, under the assumption that the brain is sufficient to give rise to any given conscious experience, the question is which of its components is necessary to produce it.