Book Review - Journal of Experimental Biology
... metabolism, along with molecular and biophysical descriptions of basic metabolic mechanisms. Chapter 1 deals with basic principles and a variety of metabolic control mechanisms, with a short description of key approaches used in the study of metabolism. As will become apparent to readers of this boo ...
... metabolism, along with molecular and biophysical descriptions of basic metabolic mechanisms. Chapter 1 deals with basic principles and a variety of metabolic control mechanisms, with a short description of key approaches used in the study of metabolism. As will become apparent to readers of this boo ...
Cloning and characterization of a phosphopantetheinyl transferase
... [24]. In fact, PPTase genes have not been found to be clustered with PKS genes in most of the polyketide biosynthetic gene clusters known to date. Until very recently, research in polyketide and nonribosomal peptide biosynthesis was handicapped by the frequent inability to produce fully active, holo ...
... [24]. In fact, PPTase genes have not been found to be clustered with PKS genes in most of the polyketide biosynthetic gene clusters known to date. Until very recently, research in polyketide and nonribosomal peptide biosynthesis was handicapped by the frequent inability to produce fully active, holo ...
Hormonal Regulation of Moss Protonema Development and the
... kinases and phosphatases, enables one to devise novel and viable strategies for engineering tolerance against stresses. As the protein kinases such as COPKs operate early in the signaling pathway, their manipulation also makes it possible to regulate the activity of several genes that function downs ...
... kinases and phosphatases, enables one to devise novel and viable strategies for engineering tolerance against stresses. As the protein kinases such as COPKs operate early in the signaling pathway, their manipulation also makes it possible to regulate the activity of several genes that function downs ...
BAK1 Gene Variation: the doubts remain
... argument. The problem is that the BAK1 sequence inferred from their Table 2 (third row) of their original paper does not seem to be the BAK1 refseq NM_001188.3 either. If they did not make multiple independent typographical errors, their BAK1 sequence differs from refseq NM_001188.3 in at least four ...
... argument. The problem is that the BAK1 sequence inferred from their Table 2 (third row) of their original paper does not seem to be the BAK1 refseq NM_001188.3 either. If they did not make multiple independent typographical errors, their BAK1 sequence differs from refseq NM_001188.3 in at least four ...
Simple Models of Protein Folding
... states. However, the simplification of uniform rate constants allows the the model to be exactly solved and thus provides interesting insights into possible kinetics. Perhaps the most interesting result of the rate matrix approach is the existence of two qualitatively different kinetic theories, nam ...
... states. However, the simplification of uniform rate constants allows the the model to be exactly solved and thus provides interesting insights into possible kinetics. Perhaps the most interesting result of the rate matrix approach is the existence of two qualitatively different kinetic theories, nam ...
Origin and evolution of peptide-modifying
... group of proteins, frequently termed cupins, are also known to share a similar DSBH fold with the above two superfamilies. These are typified by the non-catalytic sugar-binding domain of the bacterial transcription factor AraC, the plant seed-storage proteins and enzymes such as the oxalate oxidase a ...
... group of proteins, frequently termed cupins, are also known to share a similar DSBH fold with the above two superfamilies. These are typified by the non-catalytic sugar-binding domain of the bacterial transcription factor AraC, the plant seed-storage proteins and enzymes such as the oxalate oxidase a ...
Supplementary materials
... derived cladogram (i.e., figure 3) reflected the degree of similarity among organisms in expressed orthologous proteins under the conditions tested. Scoring the proteins according to an alternative scheme that reflected the fact that the more peptides per protein detected the more certain it is that ...
... derived cladogram (i.e., figure 3) reflected the degree of similarity among organisms in expressed orthologous proteins under the conditions tested. Scoring the proteins according to an alternative scheme that reflected the fact that the more peptides per protein detected the more certain it is that ...
PowerPoint Template
... In order to transmit a signal into a defined biochemical answer, the various components in a signaling chain must interact in an unequivocal, specific way. Cells have available a broad repertoire of mechanisms that ensure a specific coupling of signaling proteins and prevent both undesired side re ...
... In order to transmit a signal into a defined biochemical answer, the various components in a signaling chain must interact in an unequivocal, specific way. Cells have available a broad repertoire of mechanisms that ensure a specific coupling of signaling proteins and prevent both undesired side re ...
Improving representation of biological responses
... Valerie Wood Varsha Khodiyar Stan Laulederkind ...
... Valerie Wood Varsha Khodiyar Stan Laulederkind ...
Leukaemia Section del(4)(q12q12) FIP1L1/PDGFRA Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
... brings the normally distant PDGFRA and FIP1L1 genes into proximity generating a hybrid FIP1L1PDGFRA gene. In the translated protein, the juxtamembrane domain of PDGFRA that is known to serve an autoinhibitory function is truncated and became under control of the ubiquitous FIP1L1 promoter resulting ...
... brings the normally distant PDGFRA and FIP1L1 genes into proximity generating a hybrid FIP1L1PDGFRA gene. In the translated protein, the juxtamembrane domain of PDGFRA that is known to serve an autoinhibitory function is truncated and became under control of the ubiquitous FIP1L1 promoter resulting ...
Course Cat Desscription
... motion, forces, energy, rotation, and vibration. Emphasis is on hands-on experiences to reinforce physical principles. It is intended primarily for majors in the physical sciences and engineering. PHY 2049C 5 (4 / 2) PHYSICS WITH CALCULUS II with lab • Prerequisites: C or higher in PHY 2048C • Satis ...
... motion, forces, energy, rotation, and vibration. Emphasis is on hands-on experiences to reinforce physical principles. It is intended primarily for majors in the physical sciences and engineering. PHY 2049C 5 (4 / 2) PHYSICS WITH CALCULUS II with lab • Prerequisites: C or higher in PHY 2048C • Satis ...
Translation Study Guide
... In translation, the cell uses an mRNA strand that it has just transcribed from its genetic code as a template to assemble proteins. The cell has just transcribed this mRNA strand from its DNA, and it now translates the mRNA’s nucleotide sequence into a chain of amino acids. This chain, called a poly ...
... In translation, the cell uses an mRNA strand that it has just transcribed from its genetic code as a template to assemble proteins. The cell has just transcribed this mRNA strand from its DNA, and it now translates the mRNA’s nucleotide sequence into a chain of amino acids. This chain, called a poly ...
Authors` pre-proof version - University of Connecticut
... Gogarten 2004). This logic can be extended to the time of LUCA and beyond, as the most recent cellular ancestor was almost certainly not the only existing cell at that time. It is much more likely that an entire community of primordial lineages interacted with each other and inhabited different nich ...
... Gogarten 2004). This logic can be extended to the time of LUCA and beyond, as the most recent cellular ancestor was almost certainly not the only existing cell at that time. It is much more likely that an entire community of primordial lineages interacted with each other and inhabited different nich ...
Nucleic Acids Research
... the A-T rich 3' noncoding region probe. The coding region isolates were further subdivided into 7 classes by restriction enzyme and hybridization analyses, which revealed that 3 of these clones were identical. The hybridizing fragment of each of these 7 clones was then subcloned into either pBR322 o ...
... the A-T rich 3' noncoding region probe. The coding region isolates were further subdivided into 7 classes by restriction enzyme and hybridization analyses, which revealed that 3 of these clones were identical. The hybridizing fragment of each of these 7 clones was then subcloned into either pBR322 o ...
Mass spectrometry and the search for moonlighting proteins
... quite dramatically during evolution, with the addition or subtraction of entire helices, loop regions, and pockets. Because those surface features are all potential sites for a novel protein/ protein interaction function to evolve, it is quite possible that the random accumulation of mutations on PG ...
... quite dramatically during evolution, with the addition or subtraction of entire helices, loop regions, and pockets. Because those surface features are all potential sites for a novel protein/ protein interaction function to evolve, it is quite possible that the random accumulation of mutations on PG ...
Kuever et al_final.p
... Keywords: spore-forming anaerobes, sulfate reduction, autotrophic, anaerobic degradation of aromatic compounds, complete oxidizer, Peptococcaceae, Clostridiales Desulfotomaculum gibsoniae is a mesophilic member of the polyphyletic spore-forming genus Desulfotomaculum within the family Peptococcaceae ...
... Keywords: spore-forming anaerobes, sulfate reduction, autotrophic, anaerobic degradation of aromatic compounds, complete oxidizer, Peptococcaceae, Clostridiales Desulfotomaculum gibsoniae is a mesophilic member of the polyphyletic spore-forming genus Desulfotomaculum within the family Peptococcaceae ...
Hemophilia in Canis familiaris
... The molecular basis of hemophilia B are mutations in the F9 gene. This genetic disorder is caused by many different types of mutations such as: Deletions Insertions Point mutations Duplications Inversions ...
... The molecular basis of hemophilia B are mutations in the F9 gene. This genetic disorder is caused by many different types of mutations such as: Deletions Insertions Point mutations Duplications Inversions ...
Molecular and General Genetics
... protein are involved in the TC45 receptor function of the protein, whereas the homologous part of the OmpF protein does not contain sufficient information for the TuIa and K20 receptor sites. However, the specificity of TC45hrN3 for PhoE protein is not determined by this part of the protein. Sensiti ...
... protein are involved in the TC45 receptor function of the protein, whereas the homologous part of the OmpF protein does not contain sufficient information for the TuIa and K20 receptor sites. However, the specificity of TC45hrN3 for PhoE protein is not determined by this part of the protein. Sensiti ...
Final published version
... XbaI restriction site, the Pase-Fw1-wRBS primer introduced a consensus lactococcal ribosome binding site (5⬘-TAAAGGAGG-3⬘) and a 7-base spacer (5⬘-A ATAATA-3⬘) (11) preceding the ATG initiation codon of the mtlP gene. The XbaI/HindIII-digested PCR product was cloned into the nisin-inducible expressi ...
... XbaI restriction site, the Pase-Fw1-wRBS primer introduced a consensus lactococcal ribosome binding site (5⬘-TAAAGGAGG-3⬘) and a 7-base spacer (5⬘-A ATAATA-3⬘) (11) preceding the ATG initiation codon of the mtlP gene. The XbaI/HindIII-digested PCR product was cloned into the nisin-inducible expressi ...
Processes for producing lactic acid using yeast transformed with a
... According to the invention, it is preferred the use of strains Wherein the ethanol production is or approaches zero but a reduced production for instance at least 60% loWer, preferably at least 80% loWer and even more preferably at least 90% loWer than the normal of Wild-type strains is ...
... According to the invention, it is preferred the use of strains Wherein the ethanol production is or approaches zero but a reduced production for instance at least 60% loWer, preferably at least 80% loWer and even more preferably at least 90% loWer than the normal of Wild-type strains is ...
Control of Neisseria gonorrhoeae pilin gene
... essential and its product appears to play a crucial role related to bacterial cell growth. Indeed, when pilA is inactivated by transposon insertion, only the pilA+/pilA ::mTn3Cm-3 heterodiploids are viable (Taha et al., 1988). In addition, it has been shown that PilA protein is implicated in the gon ...
... essential and its product appears to play a crucial role related to bacterial cell growth. Indeed, when pilA is inactivated by transposon insertion, only the pilA+/pilA ::mTn3Cm-3 heterodiploids are viable (Taha et al., 1988). In addition, it has been shown that PilA protein is implicated in the gon ...
SUGAR SENSING AND SIGNALING IN PLANTS
... Life on earth largely depends on the photosynthetic fixation of carbon and light energy in energy-rich sugar molecules and the concomitant production of oxygen. Consistent with their importance as the prime carbon and energy sources for most cell types, sugars, in addition, have acquired important re ...
... Life on earth largely depends on the photosynthetic fixation of carbon and light energy in energy-rich sugar molecules and the concomitant production of oxygen. Consistent with their importance as the prime carbon and energy sources for most cell types, sugars, in addition, have acquired important re ...
Novel domains and orthologues of eukaryotic
... hindered by the nucleosome, a structure containing DNA wrapped around two copies each of histones H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. Disruption of the structural integrity of the nucleosome, by histone acetylation and/or methylation, by DNA unwinding, or by histone translocation, allows passage of the RNAP-II com ...
... hindered by the nucleosome, a structure containing DNA wrapped around two copies each of histones H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. Disruption of the structural integrity of the nucleosome, by histone acetylation and/or methylation, by DNA unwinding, or by histone translocation, allows passage of the RNAP-II com ...
OsCUL3a Negatively Regulates Cell Death and
... formation (cell death) and disease resistance in rice. OsCUL3a Interacts with Both OsRBX1a and OsRBX1b in Vivo Cullin proteins can assemble with RBX and various adaptors to form CRLs in eukaryotes (Vierstra, 2009). Rice has two genes that encode RBX-like proteins, OsRBX1a and OsRBX1b, which share 92 ...
... formation (cell death) and disease resistance in rice. OsCUL3a Interacts with Both OsRBX1a and OsRBX1b in Vivo Cullin proteins can assemble with RBX and various adaptors to form CRLs in eukaryotes (Vierstra, 2009). Rice has two genes that encode RBX-like proteins, OsRBX1a and OsRBX1b, which share 92 ...
Gene regulatory network
A gene regulatory network or genetic regulatory network (GRN) is a collection of regulators thatinteract with each other and with other substances in the cell to govern the gene expression levels of mRNA and proteins.The regulator can be DNA, RNA, protein and their complex. The interaction can be direct or indirect (through their transcribed RNA or translated protein).In general, each mRNA molecule goes on to make a specific protein (or set of proteins). In some cases this protein will be structural, and will accumulate at the cell membrane or within the cell to give it particular structural properties. In other cases the protein will be an enzyme, i.e., a micro-machine that catalyses a certain reaction, such as the breakdown of a food source or toxin. Some proteins though serve only to activate other genes, and these are the transcription factors that are the main players in regulatory networks or cascades. By binding to the promoter region at the start of other genes they turn them on, initiating the production of another protein, and so on. Some transcription factors are inhibitory.In single-celled organisms, regulatory networks respond to the external environment, optimising the cell at a given time for survival in this environment. Thus a yeast cell, finding itself in a sugar solution, will turn on genes to make enzymes that process the sugar to alcohol. This process, which we associate with wine-making, is how the yeast cell makes its living, gaining energy to multiply, which under normal circumstances would enhance its survival prospects.In multicellular animals the same principle has been put in the service of gene cascades that control body-shape. Each time a cell divides, two cells result which, although they contain the same genome in full, can differ in which genes are turned on and making proteins. Sometimes a 'self-sustaining feedback loop' ensures that a cell maintains its identity and passes it on. Less understood is the mechanism of epigenetics by which chromatin modification may provide cellular memory by blocking or allowing transcription. A major feature of multicellular animals is the use of morphogen gradients, which in effect provide a positioning system that tells a cell where in the body it is, and hence what sort of cell to become. A gene that is turned on in one cell may make a product that leaves the cell and diffuses through adjacent cells, entering them and turning on genes only when it is present above a certain threshold level. These cells are thus induced into a new fate, and may even generate other morphogens that signal back to the original cell. Over longer distances morphogens may use the active process of signal transduction. Such signalling controls embryogenesis, the building of a body plan from scratch through a series of sequential steps. They also control and maintain adult bodies through feedback processes, and the loss of such feedback because of a mutation can be responsible for the cell proliferation that is seen in cancer. In parallel with this process of building structure, the gene cascade turns on genes that make structural proteins that give each cell the physical properties it needs.It has been suggested that, because biological molecular interactions are intrinsically stochastic, gene networks are the result of cellular processes and not their cause (i.e. cellular Darwinism). However, recent experimental evidence has favored the attractor view of cell fates.