Models and Theory in Molecular Cell Biology
... attempts to arrive at more general conclusions concerning structure and dynamics of cellular processes. One theoretical approach applies optimization principles which may explain, for example, the specific kinetic characteristics of single enzymes allowing high catalytic rates, the most efficient di ...
... attempts to arrive at more general conclusions concerning structure and dynamics of cellular processes. One theoretical approach applies optimization principles which may explain, for example, the specific kinetic characteristics of single enzymes allowing high catalytic rates, the most efficient di ...
A Gene Coexpression Network for Global Discovery of Conserved
... ► Would the multi-species network be as useful for species that are more closely related? ► Gene orthology is based on protein sequence similarity. Does sequence conservation equate to conserved function? ► Are 12 clusters of meta-genes sufficient to hypothesize function for 3416 metagenes? ► How ca ...
... ► Would the multi-species network be as useful for species that are more closely related? ► Gene orthology is based on protein sequence similarity. Does sequence conservation equate to conserved function? ► Are 12 clusters of meta-genes sufficient to hypothesize function for 3416 metagenes? ► How ca ...
EE150a – Genomic Signal and Information Processing
... – feedback loop in the Central Dogma information flow • Thus to fully understand gene regulation, we need to consider interactions – DNA, RNA, proteins, small molecules • Requires network formalism – directed graphs, Boolean networks, Bayesian networks, differential equations etc. • Explore some of ...
... – feedback loop in the Central Dogma information flow • Thus to fully understand gene regulation, we need to consider interactions – DNA, RNA, proteins, small molecules • Requires network formalism – directed graphs, Boolean networks, Bayesian networks, differential equations etc. • Explore some of ...
lecture0
... Recombinant DNA: Two or more segments of DNA that have been combined by humans into a sequence that does not ...
... Recombinant DNA: Two or more segments of DNA that have been combined by humans into a sequence that does not ...
Targeted knock-up of endogenous genes using a
... The molecular repair toolbox has been augmented in the past year by the development of a technology that can specifically increase the amount of protein made by a targeted endogenous gene. This technology was first demonstrated in an elegant study by Carrieri et al (Nature 491:454). This paper descr ...
... The molecular repair toolbox has been augmented in the past year by the development of a technology that can specifically increase the amount of protein made by a targeted endogenous gene. This technology was first demonstrated in an elegant study by Carrieri et al (Nature 491:454). This paper descr ...
PowerPoint Presentation - No Slide Title
... important examples of each type of regulation exist. ...
... important examples of each type of regulation exist. ...
Large Scale Gene Expression Analysis
... genetic regulatory] • perform specific information mechanisms that their processing tasks (= „natural known elements could be circuits“) connected into a variety of • repeat (in a statistically significant „circuits“ endowed with any way) desired degree of stability. • are (probably) evolutionarily ...
... genetic regulatory] • perform specific information mechanisms that their processing tasks (= „natural known elements could be circuits“) connected into a variety of • repeat (in a statistically significant „circuits“ endowed with any way) desired degree of stability. • are (probably) evolutionarily ...
Poster Specifications - Center for Biological Sequence Analysis
... from list of suggested genes – Prepare results as • Powerpoint presentation (ca. 6-10 slides) • Poster (A0 or 6-10 slides) • Written 2 page summary of project ...
... from list of suggested genes – Prepare results as • Powerpoint presentation (ca. 6-10 slides) • Poster (A0 or 6-10 slides) • Written 2 page summary of project ...
Bioinformatics: A New Frontier for Computer - People
... controlled by interaction of many genes ...
... controlled by interaction of many genes ...
Special topics in electrical and systems engineering
... • Cellular processes come down to molecular interactions – Rate laws – Kinetic constants – Differential equations ...
... • Cellular processes come down to molecular interactions – Rate laws – Kinetic constants – Differential equations ...
Chapter 8b
... Expression may be regulated at translation level Unsure of regulation of expression in archaea May be more similar to eukaryotes than bacteria ...
... Expression may be regulated at translation level Unsure of regulation of expression in archaea May be more similar to eukaryotes than bacteria ...
Control of Gene Expression - Downtown Magnets High School
... • If lactose present, bacteria need to make lactase to break it down. • Lactose binds to repressor on operator repressor is released from operator • RNA polymerase now fits onto promoter region to ...
... • If lactose present, bacteria need to make lactase to break it down. • Lactose binds to repressor on operator repressor is released from operator • RNA polymerase now fits onto promoter region to ...
NEWS W Einstein Cancer Center
... usually come to mind. But mutations are not the only culprits in cancer. Scientists now know that gene expression—whether a gene turns on or stays silent—is directed by chemicals that latch onto genes. These chemical alterations are referred to as “epigenetic” changes because—unlike mutations— they ...
... usually come to mind. But mutations are not the only culprits in cancer. Scientists now know that gene expression—whether a gene turns on or stays silent—is directed by chemicals that latch onto genes. These chemical alterations are referred to as “epigenetic” changes because—unlike mutations— they ...
Gene Regulation - Two Rivers High School
... O Ex. Unicellular organisms must be able to adapt genetic material quickly to adjust to changing circumstances and new environments, since the failure to do so will cause not only death of the cell, but death of the organism itself. O Gene regulation allows such organisms to do things that will allo ...
... O Ex. Unicellular organisms must be able to adapt genetic material quickly to adjust to changing circumstances and new environments, since the failure to do so will cause not only death of the cell, but death of the organism itself. O Gene regulation allows such organisms to do things that will allo ...
Simulation of Prokaryotic Genetic Circuits
... Regulons – control groups of operons Global regulons – multiple pathway regulation (e.g. σ32) Often neglected in simulations However is needed in some circumstances (e.g. 2 σ factors competing) ...
... Regulons – control groups of operons Global regulons – multiple pathway regulation (e.g. σ32) Often neglected in simulations However is needed in some circumstances (e.g. 2 σ factors competing) ...
lecture13_06
... and (E) wound healing and tissue remodeling. These clusters also contain named genes not involved in these processes and numerous uncharacterized genes. ...
... and (E) wound healing and tissue remodeling. These clusters also contain named genes not involved in these processes and numerous uncharacterized genes. ...
PowerPoint 簡報
... The traffic pattern is a key to understand how a system is working. -- dynamic networks ...
... The traffic pattern is a key to understand how a system is working. -- dynamic networks ...
Statistical tests in Gene Set Analysis
... Gene set analysis is widely used to facilitate biological interpretations in the analyses of differential expression from high throughput profiling data. Wilcoxon Rank-Sum (WRS) test is one of the commonly used methods in gene set enrichment analysis because it is easy to implement and it eliminates ...
... Gene set analysis is widely used to facilitate biological interpretations in the analyses of differential expression from high throughput profiling data. Wilcoxon Rank-Sum (WRS) test is one of the commonly used methods in gene set enrichment analysis because it is easy to implement and it eliminates ...
Ch 18.2-18.5 PPT
... Histone acetylation: acetyl groups added to histones; loosened; transcription ...
... Histone acetylation: acetyl groups added to histones; loosened; transcription ...
Gene regulatory network
A gene regulatory network or genetic regulatory network (GRN) is a collection of regulators thatinteract with each other and with other substances in the cell to govern the gene expression levels of mRNA and proteins.The regulator can be DNA, RNA, protein and their complex. The interaction can be direct or indirect (through their transcribed RNA or translated protein).In general, each mRNA molecule goes on to make a specific protein (or set of proteins). In some cases this protein will be structural, and will accumulate at the cell membrane or within the cell to give it particular structural properties. In other cases the protein will be an enzyme, i.e., a micro-machine that catalyses a certain reaction, such as the breakdown of a food source or toxin. Some proteins though serve only to activate other genes, and these are the transcription factors that are the main players in regulatory networks or cascades. By binding to the promoter region at the start of other genes they turn them on, initiating the production of another protein, and so on. Some transcription factors are inhibitory.In single-celled organisms, regulatory networks respond to the external environment, optimising the cell at a given time for survival in this environment. Thus a yeast cell, finding itself in a sugar solution, will turn on genes to make enzymes that process the sugar to alcohol. This process, which we associate with wine-making, is how the yeast cell makes its living, gaining energy to multiply, which under normal circumstances would enhance its survival prospects.In multicellular animals the same principle has been put in the service of gene cascades that control body-shape. Each time a cell divides, two cells result which, although they contain the same genome in full, can differ in which genes are turned on and making proteins. Sometimes a 'self-sustaining feedback loop' ensures that a cell maintains its identity and passes it on. Less understood is the mechanism of epigenetics by which chromatin modification may provide cellular memory by blocking or allowing transcription. A major feature of multicellular animals is the use of morphogen gradients, which in effect provide a positioning system that tells a cell where in the body it is, and hence what sort of cell to become. A gene that is turned on in one cell may make a product that leaves the cell and diffuses through adjacent cells, entering them and turning on genes only when it is present above a certain threshold level. These cells are thus induced into a new fate, and may even generate other morphogens that signal back to the original cell. Over longer distances morphogens may use the active process of signal transduction. Such signalling controls embryogenesis, the building of a body plan from scratch through a series of sequential steps. They also control and maintain adult bodies through feedback processes, and the loss of such feedback because of a mutation can be responsible for the cell proliferation that is seen in cancer. In parallel with this process of building structure, the gene cascade turns on genes that make structural proteins that give each cell the physical properties it needs.It has been suggested that, because biological molecular interactions are intrinsically stochastic, gene networks are the result of cellular processes and not their cause (i.e. cellular Darwinism). However, recent experimental evidence has favored the attractor view of cell fates.